A5051111207- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Digestive system and related health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Intraperitoneal and Appendiceal Malignancies
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Breastfeeding Practices and Influences
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Renal and related cancers
- Soft tissue tumor case studies
- Orthopedic Infections and Treatments
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Microscopic Colitis
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2010-2024
Johns Hopkins University
2010-2024
Johns Hopkins Children's Center
2021-2023
Johns Hopkins Hospital
2022-2023
Bloomberg (United States)
2022
MedStar Washington Hospital Center
2019-2021
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2011
TLR4-induced enteric glia loss leads to experimental NEC through BDNF loss, which can be treated with by compound J11.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease of premature infants characterized by acute intestinal necrosis. Current dogma suggests that NEC develops in response to post-natal dietary and bacterial factors, so potential role for utero factors remains unexplored. We now show during pregnancy, administration diet rich the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand indole-3-carbinole (I3C), or breast milk, activates AHR prevents newborn mice reducing Toll-like 4 (TLR4) signaling gut. Protection...
HIV-1 drug resistance is a major clinical problem. Resistance evaluated using in vitro assays measuring the fold change IC 50 caused by mutations. Antiretroviral drugs are used at concentrations above , however, and inhibition can only be predicted from if shape of dose–response curve also known. Curve influenced cooperative interactions described mathematically slope parameter or Hill coefficient ( m ). Implicit current analysis assumption that mutations shift curves to right without...
This study reveals that the administration of human milk oligosaccharides, which are present in breast milk, can interfere with proinflammatory gut-brain axis and prevent neuroinflammation setting necrotizing enterocolitis, a major intestinal disorder seen premature infants.
Several observational studies suggest that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) injectable contraceptives may increase a woman's risk of sexual HIV-1 acquisition. In-vitro are conflicting, mainly due to differences in the type progestin studied or activation status primary cells. We sought determine whether MPA increases infection unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Freshly isolated PBMCs from normal donors were treated with physiologic concentrations ranging 0.003 5 ng/ml...
This work provides hope for children who develop NEC, a devastating disease of premature infants that is often fatal, by revealing the secreted product amniotic progenitor cells (called ST266) can prevent or treat NEC in mice, piglet, and “NEC-in-a-dish” models this disease. Mechanistically, ST266 prevented bacterial signaling, detailed transcriptomic analysis revealed effects on gut differentiation, immunity, metabolism. Thus, an secretome may offer novel approaches NEC.
A 67-year-old man presented to the emergency department with chronic weakness, fatigue and failure thrive. On physical examination, he was found have multifocal exophytic cutaneous masses in pubic scrotal regions. We obtained a shave biopsy, subsequent histopathology demonstrated non-native tissue consistent metastasis from primary adenocarcinoma. report this novel case of anogenital metastases colorectal
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) leads to severe morbidity and mortality. Intestinal adaptation is crucial in improving outcomes. To understand the human gene pathways associated with adaptation, we perform single-cell transcriptomic analysis of small intestinal organoids explanted from mice experimental SBS. We show that transmembrane ion pathways, specifically transepithelial zinc transport pathway genes SLC39A4 SLC39A5, are upregulated This discovery corroborated by an external dataset, bulk...
Elite controllers or suppressors (ES) are HIV-1-infected patients who maintain viral loads of <50 copies/ml without antiretroviral therapy. While HLA-B*57 and B*5801 alleles overrepresented in ES, many HLA-B*57/B*5801 become chronic progressors (CP). We show here that HIV-1 infection results similar levels downregulation HLA-B*5801 molecules on primary CD4(+) T cells from ES CP. Thus, differences HIV-1-mediated do not distinguish
Introduction: The African immigrant population grew 40-fold between 1960 and 2007, from 35,355 to 1.4 million with one third coming West Africa, primarily Ghana Nigeria. immigrants have been understudied and, traditionally, lumped into the racial category of Black/African-American. We examined prevalence CVD risk factors (hypertension, overweight/obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, current smoking physical inactivity), assessed global identified independent predictors increased by sex in...