Abstract Hutchinson's paradox of the plankton inspired many studies on mechanisms species coexistence. Recent laboratory experiments showed that partitioning white light allows stable coexistence red and green picocyanobacteria. Here, we investigate to what extent these findings can be extrapolated natural waters. We predict from a parameterized competition model underwater colour lakes seas provides ample opportunities for phytoplankton species. To test this prediction, sampled...

The observation that specific members of the microbial intestinal community can be shared among vertebrate hosts has promoted concept a core microbiota whose composition is determined by host-specific selection. Most studies investigating this in individual have focused on mammals, yet diversity fish lineages provides unique comparative opportunities from an evolutionary, immunological and environmental perspective. Here we describe communities eleven Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) caught at...

Summary Picocyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus span a range different colours, from red strains rich in phycoerythrin (PE) to green phycocyanin (PC). Here, we show that coexistence and picocyanobacteria Baltic Sea is widespread. The diversity phylogeny was analysed using three genes: 16S rRNA‐ITS, cpeBA operon PE pigment cpcBA PC pigment. Sequencing 209 clones showed exhibit high levels microdiversity. partial nucleotide sequences operons clone libraries revealed two distinct...

Microorganisms colonize a variety of extreme environments, and based on cultivation studies analyses PCR-amplified 16S rDNA sequences, microbial life appears to extend deep into the earth crust. However, none these involved comprehensive characterizations total DNA. Here we report results high-coverage DNA pyrosequencing an apparently representative uncontaminated sample from sea oil reservoir located 2.5 km subsurface, attributing pressure temperature 250 bars 85°C respectively....

Summary The mosaic distribution of interbreeding taxa with contrasting ecology and morphology offers an opportunity to study microevolutionary dynamics during ecological divergence. We investigate here the evolutionary history alpine a montane ecotype Heliosperma pusillum (Caryophyllaceae) in south‐eastern Alps. From six pairs geographically close populations two ecotypes (120 individuals) we obtained high‐coverage restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) dataset that was used for...

The genus Mesotoga, the only described mesophilic Thermotogae lineage, is common in mesothermic anaerobic hydrocarbon-rich environments. Besides mesophily, Mesotoga displays lineage-specific phenotypes, such as no or little H2 production and dependence on sulfur-compound reduction, which may influence its ecological role. We used comparative genomics of 18 strains (pairwise 16S rRNA identity >99%) a transcriptome M. prima to investigate how life at moderate temperatures affects...

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is an ecologically important species with a wide-spread distribution in the North Ocean, yet little known about diversity of its intestinal microbiome natural habitat. No geographical differentiation this was observed based on 16S rRNA amplicon analyses, such finding may result from inherent lack power method to resolve fine-scaled biological complexity. Here, we use metagenomic shotgun sequencing investigate 19 adult individuals two coastal populations...

The relative importance of host-specific selection or environmental factors in determining the composition intestinal microbiome wild vertebrates remains poorly understood. Here, we used metagenomic shotgun sequencing individual specimens to compare levels intra- and interspecific variation communities two ecotypes (NEAC NCC) Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) that have distinct behavior habitats three Gadidae species occupy a range ecological niches. Interestingly, found significantly diverged...

Abstract COVID‐19 is a potential life‐threatening viral disease caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 and was declared pandemic the WHO in March 2020. mRNA‐based vaccines are routinely recommended immune‐compromised patients, including patients with AA, as these at increased risk of contracting developing more severe course disease. Between 2021 November relapse AA occurred four (age [median]: 53 years, range 30–84 years) out 135 currently registered our department two de novo cases temporal context to...

Properties of purified recombinant adenosine 3′‐phosphate 5′‐phosphosulfate ( P Ado PS ) reductase from Escherichia coli were investigated. The Michaelis constants for reduced thioredoxin and are 23 μM 10 μM, respectively; the enzyme has a V max 94–99 (μmol min −1 mg molecular activity/catalytically active dimer 95 s . Adenosine 3′,5′‐bisphosphate inhibits competetively (K i 4 μM) with respect to ; 2′,5′‐bisphosphate sulfite not inhibitory. Alkylation by SH‐group inhibitors irreversibly...

Abstract Background Methane oxidizing prokaryotes in marine sediments are believed to function as a methane filter reducing the oceanic contribution global emission. In anoxic parts of sediments, oxidation is accomplished by anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) living syntrophy with sulphate bacteria. This assumed be coupling reversed methanogenesis and dissimilatory reduction. Where oxygen available aerobic methanotrophs take part oxidation. this study, we used metagenomics characterize...

Acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome (AHDS) in dogs is a condition of unknown aetiology.

Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) provides an interesting species for the study of host-microbe interactions because it lacks MHC II complex that is involved in presentation extracellular pathogens. Nonetheless, little known about diversity its microbiome natural populations. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing 16S rRNA V4 region, amplified with primer design Earth Microbiome Project (EMP), to investigate microbial composition gut content and mucosa 22 adult individuals from two coastal...

The expansion of offshore oil exploration increases the risk marine species being exposed to pollution in currently pristine areas. adverse effects exposure through toxic properties polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been well studied Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Nevertheless, fate conjugated metabolites intestinal tract and their effect on diversity microbial community fish is less understood. Here, we investigated composition after 28 days crude (concentration range 0.0–0.1...

Abstract Background Pockmarks (depressions in the seabed) have been discovered throughout world’s oceans and are often related to hydrocarbon seepage. Although high concentrations of pockmarks present seabed overlaying Troll oil gas reservoir northern North Sea, geological surveys not detected seepage this area at time. In study we used metagenomics characterize prokaryotic communities inhabiting surface sediments relation geochemical parameters, particularly presence. We also investigated...

A major challenge in metagenome studies is to estimate the true size of all combined genomes. Here, we present a novel approach genomes for low coverage next‐generation sequencing (NGS) data through empirically determined copy numbers random DNA fragments. Size estimates were made based on analyses two experimental soil micro‐ecosystems – simulating with and without earthworms. Our showed genome sizes about log 11 nucleotides each micro‐ecosystems, as estimated from qPCR This corresponds...

Copper–silver ionization (CSI) is an in-house water disinfection method primarily installed to eradicate Legionella bacteria from drinking distribution systems (DWDS). Its effect on the abundance of culturable and infections has been documented in several studies. However, CSI other DWDS largely unknown. To investigate these effects, we characterized biofilm communities a hospital using CSI, neighboring building without treated at local treatment plant. We used 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing...

Advances in sequencing efficiency have vastly increased the sizes of biological sequence databases, including many thousands genome-sequenced species. The BLAST algorithm remains main search engine for retrieving information, and must consequently handle data on an unprecedented scale. This has been possible due to high-performance computers parallel processing. However, raw output from contemporary searches involving queries becomes ill-suited direct human Few programs attempt directly...