Abstract Background Hyperthermia has been shown in a number of organisms to induce developmental defects as result changes cell proliferation, differentiation and gene expression. In spite this, salmon aquaculture commonly uses high water temperature speed up rate intensive production systems, resulting an increased frequency skeletal deformities. order study the molecular pathology vertebral deformities, Atlantic was subjected hyperthermic conditions from fertilization until after juvenile...

High carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations negatively impact fish, which makes data on its tolerance especially relevant for production systems that can accumulate CO2 such as recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The current study evaluates the effect of growth performance, welfare, and health Atlantic salmon post-smolts in RAS. This consisted two phases. first was a exposure phase, where eighteen tanks were used with six treatments triplicate: 5, 12, 19, 26, 33 40 mg/L during 12 weeks ppt...

Abstract In the recent years, challenges faced in salmonid farming with regard to deformities have helped improve our knowledge on skeletal biology and development of bone health salmonids. Different nutritional, genetic environmental factors are associated salmonids other fish species. Minerals a group essential nutrients having vital role play development, growth remodelling. The generated thus far structural functional importance minerals is largely restricted phosphorus. A brief account...

Abstract Skin biopsies (5 mm) taken from behind the dorsal fin on Atlantic salmon post-smolts were followed over a 2 month period. The healing process was dominated by hemostasis, acute inflammation, and epidermal repair first 14 days post wounding (dpw), as shown through imaging, histological evaluation, transcriptomics. Most of immune genes showed decreased expression after two weeks, approaching levels intact skin, also reflected in sections where reduced inflammation wound bed observed....

Future climate projections are usually only available at global or coarse scale and the focus is often on long-term regional averages. Though useful to analyse general trends identify potential risks opportunities internationally, these resolutions unable capture complexity of coastal areas where aquaculture located, poorly represent environmental variabilities which cultured organisms subjected. Consequently, most planning management decisions require information a much finer scale. If do...

Atlantic salmon farming operates with high production intensities where skin integrity is recognized as a central factor and indicator for animal health welfare. In the described trial, development its immune status in healthy reared two different systems, traditional open net-pen system semi-closed containment system, were investigated. Freshwater smolts compared to post-smolts after 1 4 months seawater. Growth performance, when adjusted temperature, was equal between systems. Skin...

The aim of this study was to identify potential mucin genes in the Atlantic salmon genome and evaluate tissue-specific distribution transcriptional regulation response aquaculture-relevant stress conditions post-smolts. Seven secreted gel-forming were identified based on several layers evidence; annotation, transcription, phylogeny domain structure. Two annotated as muc2 five muc5. predominantly transcribed intestinal region while different muc5 family mainly either skin, gill or pyloric...

Abstract In this study, we look closer at how high fish densities influence wound repair mechanisms in post-smolt Atlantic salmon. The were wounded with a 5 mm skin punch biopsy needle and stocked two different densities, density (100 kg/m 3 ) treatment low (20 serving as the control. healing wounds followed for 57 days samples taken 1, 3, 7, 14, 36, 43 post wounding. transcriptomic analysis suggests that enhance inflammation represses cell proliferation, tissue secretion collagen synthesis...

Vertebrate nasal microbiota (NM) plays a key role regulating host olfaction, immunity, neuronal differentiation, and structuring the epithelium. However, little is known in fish. This study provides first comprehensive analysis of NM two marine fish species, European seabass Atlantic cod. Given its direct environmental exposure, likely influenced by seawater fluctuations. We analysed community structure, specificity regarding seawater, interindividual variability 32 to 38 reared under...

ABSTRACT Lumpfish are commonly used as cleaner fish in the production of Atlantic salmon a preventive measure against sea lice. This, and other procedures, stressful may harm fish. In this work, lumpfish skin was studied to understand organ better develop tools analyse monitor health. Three different sample sets were used: preadult from land‐based hatchery, adult farm before after delousing at commercial farm. We developed digital histomorphometric algorithm Aiforia quantify structures...

Climate action-oriented aquaculture is a production that integrates adaptation practices and mitigation efforts reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We have developed 10-step guide for how to include climate action in across all species, from seaweed fish.Species diversification one of the main strategies aquaculture, suggested make sector more robust impacts change, as it will industry withstand challenging conditions, relieve pressure on over-exploited wild populations, if done correctly, can...

Tackling the Ocean Decade Challenges demands a profound understanding of complex coastal conditions. Marine aquaculture sites are poised to unveil wealth invaluable new insights. Over last decade, advances in technology have unlocked era for aquaculture. More and more fish farms being equipped with sensors associated monitor environment real-time. The sector is embracing digitalization moving into precision farming, so attention has moved towards data-driven decisions day-to-day operations,...

Abstract Background Spinal disorders are a major cause of disability for humans and an important health problem intensively farmed animals. Experiments have shown that vertebral deformities present complex but comparable etiology across species. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in bone still far from understood. To further explicate involved, we examined fundamental aspects metabolism pathogenesis fusions Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ). Results Experimentally, juvenile...

This study demonstrates how a comprehensive knowledge base can be used by the aquaculture industry, researchers, and policymakers as foundation for more targeted detailed climate change impact analysis, risk assessments adaptation planning. Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) production in Norway was case to illustrate need consider impacts from multiple stressors across different stages wider supply chain. Based on literature searches industry news, total of 45 101 responses were identified....

The objective of this study was to determine the long-term effects ambient unionized ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) combined with different feeding regimes on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L parr growth, welfare and smoltification. Previous studies stage have mostly focused acute exposure, or at low temperatures. were exposed for 105 days (at 12°C, pH 6.8) four sublethal concentrations ranging from 0.1 35 μg L−1 NH3-N (0.1–25 mg TAN) two levels: full feed strength (+20% overfeeding) 1/3 strength....

The objective of this study was to determine the underlying physiological and molecular responses long-term sublethal ammonia exposure in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr. Previous studies have predominately focused on mechanisms during acute, short-term exposure. For that purpose parr were exposed four concentrations between 4 1800 μmol l−1 total nitrogen (TAN), subjected two feeding regimes for 15 weeks. Elevated environmental full strength caused an initial increase plasma levels...

A 5-level crowding intensity scale for directing and auditing the of Atlantic salmon in sea cages based on surface observations is currently included standards, manuals, guidelines fish farmers. Here we test feasibility using this to create distinct levels, effects these different levels upon welfare, suitability a set possible operational welfare indicators (OWIs) laboratory-based (LABWIs) be toolboxes monitoring assessing relation cages. Crowding level 1 was not study since very light...

Omnipresent microplastics (MPs) in marine ecosystems are ingested at all trophic levels and may be a vector for the transfer of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) through food web. We fed rotifers polyethylene MPs (1-4 µm) spiked with seven congeners polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) two polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). In turn, these were to cod larvae from 2-30 days post-hatching (dph), while control groups without MPs. After 30 dph, same feed Whole-body sampled 60 four months...

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food production sectors in world and further expansion expected throughout 21 st century. However, climate change threatening development sector action needed to prepare industry for coming challenges. Using downscaled temperature projections based on Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change (IPCC) projection (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway, SSP2-4.5), we analysed potential future temperatures at a selected Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L .) farm site...