Structural models for the nitrogenase FeMo-cofactor and P-clusters are proposed based on crystallographic analysis of molybdenum-iron (MoFe)-protein from Azotobacter vinelandii at 2.7 angstrom resolution. Each center consists two bridged clusters; has 4Fe:3S 1Mo:3Fe:3S clusters by three non-protein ligands, contain 4Fe:4S cysteine thiol ligands. Six seven Fe sites in appear to have trigonal coordination geometry, including one ligand provided a bridging group. The remaining site tetrahedral...

Structures recently proposed for the FeMo-cofactor and P-cluster pair of nitrogenase molybdenum-iron (MoFe)-protein from Azotobacter vinelandii have been crystallographically verified at 2.2 angstrom resolution. Significantly, no hexacoordinate sulfur atoms are observed in either type metal center. Consequently, six bridged iron trigonally coordinated by nonprotein ligands, although there may be some iron-iron bonding interactions that could provide a fourth coordination interaction these...

alpha-Synuclein is a component of the abnormal protein depositions in senile plaques and Lewy bodies Alzheimer's disease (AD) Parkinson's respectively. The was suggested to provide possible nucleation centre for plaque formation AD via selective interaction with amyloid beta/A4 (Abeta). We have shown previously that alpha-synuclein has experienced self-oligomerization when Abeta25-35 present an orientation-specific manner sequence. Here we examine this biochemically specific use various...

The three-dimensional structure of a Staphylococcus aureus superantigen, toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), complexed with human class II major histocompatibility molecule (DR1), was determined by x-ray crystallography. TSST-1 binding site on DR1 overlaps that the superantigen S. enterotoxin B (SEB), but two modes differ. Whereas SEB binds primarily off one edge peptide DR1, extends over almost one-half and contacts both flanking α helices antigen bound peptide. This difference suggests...

The performance of face recognition methods using subspace projection is directly related to the characteristics their basis images, especially in cases local distortion or partial occlusion. In order for a method be robust and occlusion, images generated by should exhibit part-based representation. We propose an effective representation named locally salient ICA (LS-ICA) that LS-ICA only employs information from important facial parts maximize benefit applying idea "recognition parts". It...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTX-ray crystal structure of the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein from Clostridium pasteurianum at 3.0-.ANG. resolutionJongsun Kim, D. Woo, and C. ReesCite this: Biochemistry 1993, 32, 28, 7104–7115Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00079a006https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00079a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse...

The presynaptic α-synuclein is a prime suspect for contributing to Lewy pathology and clinical aspects of diseases, including Parkinson's disease, dementia with bodies, body variant Alzheimer's disease. Here we examined the pathogenic mechanism neuronal cell death induced by α-synuclein. exogenous addition caused marked decrease viability in primary immortalized cells. appeared be correlated Rab5A-specific endocytosis that subsequently formation body-like intracytoplasmic inclusions. This...

T lymphocytes use TCR-alphabeta to bind and recognize complexes of antigenic peptides bound MHC proteins located at the surface APCs. We have assembled crystallized this intercellular complex TCR/peptide/MHC from soluble human peptide/HLA-A2 complexes. The binds specifically its in vivo ligand, HLA-A2, a peptide Tax protein lymphotropic virus type 1. TCR also vitro an altered which appears be partial agonist cell assays as determined by ability elicit different cytolytic lymphokine secretion...

Abstract α‐Synuclein (α‐syn) has been known to be a key player of the pathogenesis Parkinson’s disease and recently detected in extracellular biological fluids shown rapidly secreted from cells. The penetration α‐syn into cells also observed. In this study, we observed that dl ‐threo‐1‐phenyl‐2‐decanoylamino‐3‐morpholino‐1‐propanol, glucosyltransferase inhibitor, proteinase K inhibited internalization monomeric BV‐2 cells, addition monosialoganglioside GM1 ameliorated inhibition...

Abstract Many lines of evidence suggest that α‐synuclein can be secreted from cells and penetrate into them, although the detailed mechanism is not known. In this study, we investigated amino acid sequence motifs required for membrane translocation α‐synuclein, mechanistic features phenomenon. We first showed only but also β‐ γ‐synucleins penetrated live cells, indicating conserved N‐terminal region might responsible translocation. Using a series deletion mutants, demonstrated 11‐amino...

In <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>, satiety quiescence mimics behavioral aspects of and postprandial sleep in mammals. On the basis calcium-imaging, genetics, studies, here we report that a pair amphid neurons, ASI, is activated by nutrition regulates worms9 states specifically promoting quiescence; ASI inhibits switch from to dwelling (a browsing state) accelerates quiescence. The canonical TGFβ pathway, whose ligand released mutants ligand, receptor SMADs pathway all eat more show less than...

Abstract α‐Synuclein, a major constituent of Lewy bodies (LBs) in Parkinson's disease (PD), has been implicated to play critical role synaptic events, such as neuronal plasticity during development, learning, and degeneration under pathological conditions, although the physiological function α‐synuclein not yet established. We here present biochemical evidence that recombinant chaperone‐like against thermal chemical stress vitro. In our experiments, protected glutathione S‐transferase (GST)...

Most proteins are denatured by heat treatment, and the process is usually irreversible. However, some proteins, such as hyperthermophilic known to be stable even at boiling temperature of water. We here describe a systematic investigation thermal behavior purifying characterizing heat-resistant (HRPs) that not aggregated upon treatment. Although most were precipitated in water bath, about 20 70 wt % total appeared Jurkat T-cell lysates human serum, respectively. identified major HRPs from...

Lewy bodies (LBs) are pathological hallmarks of Parkinson disease (PD) but also occur in Alzheimer (AD) and dementia LBs. Alpha-synuclein, the major component LBs, is observed brain Down syndrome (DS) patients with AD. Dyrk1A, a dual specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase (Dyrk) family member, mammalian ortholog Drosophila minibrain (Mnb) gene, essential for normal postembryonic neurogenesis. The Dyrk1A gene resides human chromosome 21q22.2 region, which associated DS anomalies, including...

Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, which involves the deterioration of dopaminergic neurons in pars compacta substantia nigra. The etiology PD still unknown, but recent identification mutations familial cases has advanced understanding molecular mechanisms this neurological disease. Mutations parkin gene, encodes for ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3), have been implicated autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinsonism, an early onset and form PD. Here we reported that...

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes that play an important role in anti-viral and anti-tumour responses. Several cancer immunotherapy approaches targeting NK currently clinical or preclinical development. Here, we aimed to find food nutrients activate determine their usefulness as candidates for anti-cancer anti-metastatic drugs. Resveratrol appeared most effectively among the substances tested synergistically increased IFN-γ secretion cell cytotoxicity with interleukin-2...

α-Synuclein, a presynaptic protein of the central nervous system, has been implicated in synaptic events such as neuronal plasticity during development and learning, degeneration under pathological conditions. As an effort to understand biological function α-synuclein, we examined expression patterns α-synuclein various human hematopoietic cells, Drosophila at different developmental stages. The was ubiquitously expressed all tested cells including T B NK monocytes, well lymphoma cell lines,...