This work offers an overview of the effective communication techniques for space exploration ground, aerial, and underwater vehicles. We not only comprehensively summarize trajectory planning, exploration, optimization, other challenges encountered but also present possible directions future work. Because a detailed study like this is uncommon in literature, attempt has been made to fill gap readers interested path planning. paper includes optimization strategies that can be used implement...

Background: Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in reperfusion therapy, mechanical complications such as ventricular septal rupture, free wall acute mitral regurgitation continue to contribute adverse outcomes. Although rare, these are associated with high mortality rates, often due hemodynamic instability cardiogenic shock. Identifying patients at higher risk crucial for improving survival optimizing...

Child-parent relationship is the first interpersonal interaction that can also effect on child learning and affect strength of their social, mental, physical emotional well-being. So present study was designed to explore child-parent its learning, with a focus understanding broader societal implications secure bond in Dera Ghazi Khan City. The main objectives are i) assess socioeconomic demographic characteristics respondents; ii) association between child-parents learning; iii) analyze...

Background: Anterior segment diseases of the eye are highly prevalent and often influenced by environmental factors such as dust, UV radiation, occupational exposure. These conditions can significantly impair vision quality life if left unrecognized or untreated. Despite their burden, associations these remain underexplored, particularly in underserved regions. This study was conducted to determine frequency anterior disorders relationship with exposures among patients presenting a tertiary...

Invasive fungal wound infections (IFIs) were an unexpected complication associated with blast-related wounds during Operation Enduring Freedom. Between 2010 and 2012, IFI incidence rates as high 10–12% for patients injured Freedom admitted to the intensive care unit at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center. Independent risk factors development of IFIs include dismounted blast injuries, above knee amputations massive (>20 units) packed red blood cell transfusions within 24 hours after injury. The...

Purpose During COVID-19 pandemic, cancer patients are considered one of the most vulnerable to infection since they tend have advanced age, multiple comorbidities, and often immunosuppressed by their or therapy. Hence, Saudi Oncology Pharmacy Assembly has issued recommendations reduce frequency patients’ visits oncology centers during pandemic while maintaining access therapy minimize risk exposure coronavirus disease. Materials methods A qualitative methodological approach was conducted in...

BACKGROUND:In the Middle East, there is lack of data on peripheral blood CD34+stem cells mobilization by using biosimilar filgrastim. We have been both Neupogen and a G-CSF) Zarzio® (as mobilizing agent since February 2014 for allogenic autologous stem cell transplantations. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This was single-center retrospective study. All patients healthy donors who received either G-CSF (Zarzio®) or original (Neupogen®) CD34+ were included in The primary goal to determine compare rate...

The government of the Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) has developed a well-defined strategy to restructure health sector and operate on value-based principles. Biosimilars are viable option for increasing accessibility while lowering health-care costs.We describe current future biosimilar landscape in KSA. We discuss growth market, regulatory approval process, adoption, potential impact systems patient outcomes.The market KSA is expanding expected continue this trajectory coming decade....

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is an oncologic emergency which should be treated immediately with empiric antibiotics. Different institutions observe different antibiograms and use FN management guidelines. Our center implemented guidelines for adult cancer patients in 2009. Hence, we decided to assess compliance describe the pattern of bacterial infections. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study on all admitted FN. Data were collected from electronic medical records between...

This study estimated, for Saudi Arabia, the cost-efficiency of converting patients from reference Neupogen and Neulastim to one two filgrastim biosimilars (Nivestim, Zarzio); budget-neutral expanded access supportive care with biosimilar therapeutic ado-trastuzumab emtansine thus afforded; number-needed-to-convert (NNC) provide or treatment patient.Replicating prior studies, we modeled cost-efficiencies gained varying proportions a hypothetical panel 4,000 undergoing six cycles cancer G-CSF...

Deep models' feature learning capabilities have gained traction in recent years, driving significant progress various Artificial Intelligence (AI) domains. The use of Neural Networks (DNNs) has expanded the scope Computer Vision (CV) and revealed their vulnerability to deliberate adversarial attacks. These attacks involve careful introduction perturbations crafted through complex optimization problems. Exploiting vulnerabilities advanced deep neural network algorithms present security...

Background Fluoropyrimidine-based regimens are used for the management of colorectal cancer, which is second most common cancer in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to study incidence hematological toxicities patients treated with fluoropyrimidine and fluoropyrimidine-based at Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City- Jeddah, Methods A retrospective cohort that included adult who were from January 1, 2018 December 31, Arabia was performed. Our primary objective determine anemia,...

Wireless networks have gained unmatched popularity as compared to the wired network access technologies due expedient deployment, flexibility and low cost. However, security aspects in wireless local area (WLANs) is an active research area. The inherent weaknesses of medium pose a much more stern threat networks. Even with ratification 802.11i, WLANs based on 802.11 Standard remain vulnerable denial service (DoS) attacks unprotected unauthenticated Management Control Frames. Different types...

IEEE 802.11i standard offers arguably uncompromised confidentiality and integrity services by utilizing advance encryption in counter with cipher block chaining message authentication code protocol (AES CCMP). However the Nonce construction mechanism employed is weak, leading to Initial Counter prediction. Resultantly, effective Key Length used for reduced from 128 85 bits Time Memory Trade Off (TMTO) attack becomes a possibility. In this paper, an improved scheme proposed AES CCMP...

Vancomycin administration in individuals with hematological malignancy or neutropenia is associated a suboptimal trough concentration. Nonetheless, most studies did not distinguish whether low vancomycin concentrations were due to malignancies neutropenia. This study aimed determine the association between types of and febrile concentrations.The present retrospective chart review was conducted by using clinical data adopted from computerized physician order entries (BestCare®) for all...

Oral medications are commonly prescribed for many cancer patients. Unfortunately, most of them dispensed without proper counseling about handling practices. We aimed to evaluate the handling, storage, and disposal practices oral anticancer among patients their caregivers at home.A cross-sectional questionnaire was filled in by adult or who received anticancers and/or visited an outpatient pharmacy over two months.A total 201 participants were interviewed, 67% female, nearly 44% between 40 60...

Chewing habits of tobacco, betel quid (paan), and nut (chhaliya) are common traditions in Pakistan. Different other preparations combination flavors with paan, chhaliya ingredients commonly available the market have received considerable attention as sources carcinogens that promote OSCC. Mutagens can damage DNA generate promutagenic lesions. The germ line mutation/polymorphism p53 gene has been reported to be involved multiple steps carcinogenesis. This study aims find out loss TP53...

Warfarin is the core component in management of various thromboembolic disorders, which requires specialized expertise to optimize outcomes. There limited data comparing a pharmacist vs. haematologist-managed anticoagulation clinic our setting, and Middle East. We aimed evaluate effectiveness safety Ambulatory Care Center at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2016 2018, included adult patients who have been followed-up for least...