A5046639877- Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Bone and Joint Diseases
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Hip and Femur Fractures
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Hip disorders and treatments
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Bone health and treatments
- Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
- Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Nuclear physics research studies
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Vitamin D Research Studies
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Medical Imaging and Analysis
- Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Bone fractures and treatments
University of California, San Francisco
2014-2024
Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
2023-2024
Constructor University
2020-2024
Dornier Flugzeugwerke (Germany)
2010-2024
Universität Hamburg
2024
University of California System
2003-2024
Zimmer Biomet (Germany)
2023-2024
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2023-2024
Kinderklinik Regensburg
2022
Tulane University
2022
Parathyroid hormone increases bone strength primarily by stimulating formation, whereas antiresorptive drugs reduce resorption. We conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical study of parathyroid and alendronate to test the hypothesis that concurrent administration two agents would increase density more than use either one alone.
We measured cortical and trabecular bone loss using QCT of the spine hip in 14 crewmembers making 4- to 6-month flights on International Space Station. There was no compartment-specific spine. Cortical mineral occurred primarily by endocortical thinning.In an earlier study, areal BMD (aBMD) measurements DXA showed that cosmonauts 12-month duration Soviet/Russian MIR spacecraft lost at average rate 1%/month from 1.5%/month hip. However, because represent sum compartments, there is direct...
Since the use of parathyroid hormone as a treatment for osteoporosis is limited to two years or less, question whether antiresorptive therapy should follow important. We previously reported results after first year this randomized trial comparing full-length (1-84) alone, alendronate both combined. In continuation trial, we asked required maintain gains in bone mineral density one with (1-84).In data here, women who had received monotherapy (100 microg daily) 1 were randomly reassigned...
The human cytochrome P450, CYP2B6, is involved in the metabolism of several therapeutically important drugs and environmental or abused toxicants. In this study, we present first systematic investigation genetic polymorphism CYP2B6 gene on chromosome 19. A specific direct sequencing strategy was developed based CYP2B7 genomic sequence information DNA from 35 subjects completely analysed for mutations throughout all nine exons their exon–intron boundaries. total novel point were identified,...
This study aimed to characterize possible relationships between polymorphisms in the drug transporter genes organic anion transporting polypeptide-C (OATP-C, SLCO1B1), OATP-B (SLCO2B1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2, ABCC2) and resistance (MDR1, ABCB1) pharmacokinetics of pravastatin. We studied 41 healthy Caucasian volunteers who had previously participated pharmacokinetic studies with Six a very high pravastatin AUC value were defined as outliers according statistical...
The aim of the study was to examine accuracy fan-beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for measuring total body fat-free mass (FFM) and leg muscle (MM) in elderly persons. Participants were 60 men women aged 70–79 yr with a index 17.5–39.8 kg/m 2 . FFM MM at four regions measured by using DEXA (Hologic 4500A, v8.21). A four-compartment composition model (4C) multislice computed tomography (CT) legs used as criterion methods MM, respectively. positively associated 4C ( R = 0.98, SE...
Abstract Fatty infiltration of muscle, myosteatosis, increases with age and results in reduced muscle strength function increased fall risk. However, it is unknown if fatty predisposes to hip fracture. We measured the mean Hounsfield unit (HU) lean tissue within midthigh bundle (thigh HU, an indicator intramuscular fat), its cross-sectional area (CSA, a measure mass) by computed tomography (CT), bone mineral density (BMD) total-body percent fat dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), isokinetic leg...
Objectives Increasing evidence suggests that a genetically determined functional impairment of the hepatocellular efflux transporters bile salt export pump (BSEP, ABCB11) and multidrug resistance protein 3 (MDR3, ABCB4) play pathophysiological role in development drug-induced liver injury. The aim this study was therefore to describe extent genetic variability ABCB11 ABCB4 patients with injury vitro functionally characterize newly detected mutations polymorphisms. Methods were sequenced 23...
Bone marrow fat (BMF) and bone mineral density (BMD) by dual x-ray energy absorptiometry (DXA) are negatively correlated. However, little is known about the association of BMF with fracture or separate trabecular cortical compartments. Our objective was to assess relationships between vertebral BMF, BMD quantitative computed tomography, in older adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik cohort. Outcomes measures included (L1–L4) measured...
We studied the effect of re-exposure to Earth's gravity on proximal femoral BMD and structure astronauts 1 year after missions lasting 4-6 months. observed that readaptation femur entailed an increase in bone size incomplete recovery volumetric BMD.Bone loss is a well-known result skeletal unloading long-duration spaceflight, with most severe losses occurring femur. However, there little information about mission completion no reloading load-bearing bone. To address these questions, we...
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder associated with increased risk intrauterine fetal death and prematurity. There increasing evidence that genetically determined dysfunction in the canalicular ABC transporters bile salt export pump (BSEP, ABCB11) multidrug resistance protein 3 (MDR3, ABCB4) might be factors for ICP development. This study aimed to (i). describe extent genetic variability BSEP MDR3 (ii). identify new disease-causing mutations. Twenty-one women 40...
The present study investigated CYP2B6 genetic variability by sequencing genomic DNA samples of African-American, Ghanaian, Taiwanese, Japanese and Korean subjects throughout all exons exon–intron boundaries. most common nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were 15631G>T (Q172H) 18053A>G (K262R, together defining allele 2B6*6), both which had frequencies close to 50% in Ghanaians 30% African-Americans. These SNPs have recently been shown affect efavirenz pharmacokinetics...
The efficacy of the immunosuppressants azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine has been well established in therapy inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, its use complicated by a high incidence serious adverse drug reactions such as hematotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis gastrointestinal disturbances. Whereas azathioprine-related pancytopenia clearly linked to thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) polymorphism limited data are available explain side effects. In retrospective analysis...
Abstract Two factors generally reported to influence bone density are body composition and muscle strength. However, it is unclear if these relationships consistent across race sex, especially in older persons. If differences do exist by and/or then strategies maintain mass or minimize loss adults may need be modified accordingly. Therefore, we examined the independent effects of mineral-free lean (LM), fat (FM), strength on regional whole mineral (BMD) a cohort 2619 well-functioning...
<i>Background:</i> Aging skeletal muscle is characterized not only by a reduction in size (sarcopenia) and strength but also an increase fatty infiltration (myosteatosis). An effective countermeasure to sarcopenia resistance exercise; however, its effect on less clear. <i>Objective:</i> To examine resistance-trained older persons whether attenuation, noninvasive measure of density reflecting intramuscular lipid content, altered with training status....
The accuracy of total body fat mass and leg measurements by fan-beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was assessed in 60 healthy elderly subjects (aged 70–79 yr). Total at four regions (total leg, thigh, midthigh, calf) were measured with the QDR 4500A (Hologic, Waltham, MA). four-compartment model multislice computed tomography scans selected as criterion methods for mass, respectively. from DEXA positively associated a standard error estimate ranging 1.4 to 1.6 kg. tended...