CD44 is a potentially rewarding target in cancer therapy, although its mechanisms of ligand binding and internalization are still poorly understood. In this study, we have established quantitative relationships between expression differently polarized macrophages (M0, M1, M2‐polarized THP‐1 human macrophages) the uptake hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based materials, which usable for targeting. We validated robust method macrophage polarization, sequentially uses differentiating polarizing factors,...

Chitosan/hyaluronic acid (HA) nanoparticles can be used to deliver an RNA/DNA cargo cells overexpressing HA receptors such as CD44. For these systems, unequivocal links have not been established yet between chitosan macromolecular (molecular weight; degree of deacetylation, i.e., charge density) and nanoparticle variables (complexation strength, stability; nucleic protection; internalization rate) on one hand, transfection efficiency the other hand. Here, we focused role avidity in...

The development of delivery systems capable tumor targeting represents a promising strategy to overcome issues related nonspecific effects conventional anticancer therapies. Currently, one the most investigated agents for cancer is hyaluronic acid (HA), since its receptor, CD44, overexpressed in many cancers. However, studies on CD44/HA interaction have been so far performed cell-free or genetically modified systems, thus leaving some uncertainty regarding which cell-related factors...

Piezoelectric ceramics, such as BaTiO3, have gained considerable attention in bone tissue engineering applications thanks to their biocompatibility, ability sustain a charged surface well improve cells' adhesion and proliferation. However, the poor processability brittleness of these materials hinder fabrication three-dimensional scaffolds for load bearing applications. For first time, this study focused on characterisation BaTiO3 composite by using multi-material 3D printing technology....

Hydrogels are considered as excellent candidates for tissue substitutes by virtue of their high water content and biphasic nature. However, the fact that they soft, wet floppy renders them difficult to process use custom-designed scaffolds. To address this problem alginate hydrogels were modeled characterized measuring stress–strain creep behavior well viscosity a function sodium concentration, cross-linking time calcium ion concentration. The gels then microfabricated into scaffolds using...

Measuring the viscoelastic behavior of highly hydrated biological materials is challenging because their intrinsic softness and labile nature. In these materials, it difficult to avoid prestress therefore establish precise initial stress strain conditions for lumped parameter estimation using creep or stress-relaxation (SR) tests. We describe a method ( ɛ˙M epsilon dot method) deriving parameters soft biomaterials which avoids can be used rapidly test degradable samples. Standard mechanical...

Abstract CD44 is an endocytic hyaluronic acid (HA) receptor, and overexpressed in many carcinomas. This has encouraged the use of HA to design CD44‐targeting carriers. paper about dissecting mechanistic role CD44. Here, HA‐decorated nanoparticles are used deliver siRNA both tumoral (AsPC‐1, PANC‐1, HT‐29, HCT‐116) non‐tumoral (fibroblasts, differently polarized THP‐1 macrophages, HUVEC) human cell lines, evaluating initial binding nanoparticles, their internalization rate, silencing...

Abstract Permeability studies across epithelial barriers are of primary importance in drug delivery as well toxicology. However, traditional vitro models do not adequately mimic the dynamic environment physiological barriers. Here, we describe a novel two‐chamber modular bioreactor for cells. The fluid was characterized using computational and measurements pressure gradients different combinations flow rates apical basal chambers. Cell culture experiments were then performed with fully...

Bone extracellular matrix (ECM) is a natural composite made of collagen and mineral hydroxyapatite (HA). Dynamic cell-ECM interactions play critical role in regulating cell differentiation function. Understanding the principal ECM cues promoting osteogenic would be pivotal for both bone tissue engineering regenerative medicine. Altering content generally modifies stiffness as well other physicochemical provided by materials, complicating "cause-effect" analysis resultant behaviour. To...

Microfluidic enables precise control over the continuous mixing of fluid phases at micrometre scale, aiming to optimize processing parameters and facilitate scale-up feasibility. The optimization obtain monodispersed drug-loaded liposomes however is challenging. In this work, two phosphatidylcholines (PC) differing in acyl chain length were selected, used release chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin hydrochloride, an effective drug treat breast cancer. Microfluidics was rapidly screen...

The current treatments for wounds often fail to induce adequate healing, leaving vulnerable persistent infections and development of drug-resistant microbial biofilms. New natural-derived nanoparticles were studied impair bacteria colonization hinder the formation biofilms in wounds. fabricated through polyelectrolyte complexation chitosan (CS, polycation) hyaluronic acid (HA, polyanion). UV-induced photo-crosslinking was used enhance stability nanoparticles. To achieve this, HA...

The intrinsic complexity of biological processes often hides the role dynamic microenvironmental cues in development pathological states. use micro-physiological systems (MPS) offers new technological platforms designed to model dynamics tissue-specific microenvironments in-vitro and holistically understand healthy In our previous works, we reported on engineering breast critical tumor microenvironment features, including matrix stiffness, pH, fluid flow, MPSs study cancer cells phenotypes....

Technological advancements in formulation and delivery strategies of potent chemotherapeutic agents have been exploited to direct a site-specific drug for the local treatment tumours. Of these, new generations...

After passage through biological barriers, nanomaterials inevitably end up in contact with the vascular endothelium and can induce cardiovascular damage. In this study toxicity sub-lethal effects of six types nanoparticle, including four industrial biomedical importance, on human endothelial cells were investigated using different vitro assays. The results show that all particles some level damage to silver most toxic, followed by titanium dioxide. Furthermore, shown be more susceptible when...

Several physico-chemical properties of the tumour microenvironment (TME) are dysregulated during progression, such as tissue stiffness, extracellular pH and interstitial fluid flow. Traditional preclinical models, although useful to study biological processes, do not provide sufficient control over these properties, hence limiting understanding cause-effect relationships between TME cancer cells. Breast stem cells (B-CSCs), a dynamic population within tumour, known affect metastasis...

The majority of cancer-related in vitro studies are conducted on cell monolayers or spheroids. Although this approach has led to key discoveries, it still a poor outcome recapitulating the different stages tumor development. advent novel three-dimensional (3D) systems and technological methods for their fabrication is set improve field, offering more physiologically relevant high throughput system study development treatment. Here we describe alginate-based 3D models that recapitulate early...

This study is about linking preparative processes of nanoparticles with the morphology and their efficiency in delivering payloads intracellularly. The are composed hyaluronic acid (HA) chitosan; former can address a nanoparticle to cell surface receptors such as CD44, second allows both for entrapment nucleic acids an endosomolytic activity that facilitates liberation cytoplasm. Here, we have systematically compared prepared either A) through two-step process based on intermediate...