S.A. Gourlay
A5027242689- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Muon and positron interactions and applications
- HVDC Systems and Fault Protection
- Superconductivity in MgB2 and Alloys
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Electric Motor Design and Analysis
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- International Science and Diplomacy
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Magnetic Properties of Alloys
- Nuclear Issues and Defense
- Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2015-2024
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
1997-2024
Fermi Research Alliance
1991-2024
University of Edinburgh
2021
Florida State University
2016
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
2016
Conference Board
2013
Northampton Community College
2007
Lead City University
2007
AML Superconductivity and Magnetics (United States)
2005
Abstract The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) is the new flagship project of CERN. First endorsed in 2013 and approved 2016, HL-LHC an upgrade accelerator aiming to increase by a factor ten statistics LHC collisions at horizon 2035–2040. relies on cutting edge technologies: among them, large aperture superconducting magnets will replace present hardware allow smaller beam size two interaction points (IPs). involves construction about 150 six different types: quadrupole triplet,...
LBNL is using pressurized bladders in its high field superconducting magnet program Magnet RD3; a 14 T race track dipole, has been assembled and pre-stressed such system. The bladder, placed between the coil pack iron yoke, can provide 70 MPa of pressure while compressing tensioning 40 mm thick structural aluminum shell. Interference keys replace bladder's functionality as they are deflated removed leaving shell 140 tension. During cool down, stress increases to 250 result difference thermal...
REBCO coated conductors maintain a high engineering current density above 16 T at 4.2 K. That fact will significantly impact markets of various magnet applications including high-field magnets for high-energy physics and fusion reactors. One the main challenges accelerator is use multi-tape cables with in development. Several approaches developing using are demonstrated. In this paper, we introduce an alternative concept based on canted cos θ (CCT) design conductor round core (CORC®) wires...
A next step of energy increase hadron colliders beyond the LHC requires high-field superconducting magnets capable providing a dipolar field in range 16 T 50-mm aperture with accelerator quality. These characteristics could meet requirements for an upgrade to twice present beam or 100-TeV center mass future circular collider. This paper summarizes activities and plans development these magnets, inand U.S. Magnet Development Program.
High-temperature superconductors (HTS) could enable high-field magnets stronger than is possible with Nb-Ti and Nb3Sn, but two challenges have so far been the low engineering critical current density JE, especially in high-current cables, danger of quenches. Most HTS made out REBCO coated conductor. Here we demonstrate stable, reliable training-quench-free performance Bi-2212 racetrack coils wound a Rutherford cable fabricated from wires new precursor powder. These round multifilamentary...
Abstract Colliders are essential research tools for particle physics. Numerous future collider proposal were discussed in the course of US high energy physics community strategic planning exercise Snowmass'21 . The Implementation Task Force (ITF) has been established to evaluate proposed accelerator projects performance, technology readiness, schedule, cost, and environmental impact. Corresponding metrics developed uniform comparison proposals ranging from Higgs/EW factories multi-TeV...
In 2004, the US DOE established LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) with goal of developing a technology base for future upgrades LHC. The focus magnet program, which is collaboration three laboratories, BNL, FNAL and LBNL, on development high gradient quadrupoles using <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$ Nb_3 Sn$</tex> superconductor. Other program components address issues regarding design, radiation-hard materials, long...
A four-layer canted-cosine-theta 16-T dipole has been designed as a possible candidate for future hadron colliders. The design maintains part of the future-circular-collider magnet requirements, i.e., 50 mm clear bore and 16 T operating at 1.9 K. intercepts Lorentz forces with an internal structure ribs spars, minimizes conductor, reduces number layers size by using wide cables. role iron its impact on field is discussed. three-dimensional magnetic analysis was carried out 1-in-1 2-in-1...
A future circular collider (FCC) with a center-of-mass energy of 100 TeV and circumference around km, or an upgrade the LHC (HE-LHC) to 27 require bending magnets providing 16 T in 50-mm aperture. Several development programs for these magnets, based on Nb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Sn technology, are being pursued Europe U.S. In programs, cos-theta, block-type, common-coil, canted-cos-theta explored; first model...
Abstract Although the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) REBa 2 Cu 3 O x (REBCO, RE–rare earth elements) material has a strong potential to enable dipole magnetic fields above 20 T in future circular particle colliders, magnet and conductor technology needs be developed. As part of an ongoing development address this need, here we report on our CORC ® canted cos θ called C2 with target field 65 mm aperture. The was wound 70 m 3.8 diameter wire machined metal mandrels. had 30 commercial...
This is the full high-level report of Snowmass 2021, most recent U.S. High Energy Physics (HEP) Community Planning Exercises, sponsored by Division Particles and Fields (DPF) American Physical Society (APS), with strong consultation from aligned APS Divisions Nuclear Physics, Astrophysics, Gravitational Beams. The goal these community studies, first which was in 1982, has been to identify important scientific questions HEP for following decade, an eye decade after that, facilities,...
Detecting local heat-dissipating zones in high-temperature superconductor (HTS) magnets is a challenging task due to slow propagation of such HTS conductors. For long conductor lengths, voltage-based methods may not provide sufficient sensitivity or redundancy, and therefore nonvoltage-based detection alternatives are being sought. One those the recently proposed method Eigen Frequency Thermometry (EFT), which an active acoustic technique for fast nonintrusive “hot spots,” utilizing...
Quench detection capability is essential for reliable operation and protection of superconducting magnets, coils, cables, machinery. We propose a quench technique based on sensing local temperature variations in the bulk winding by monitoring its transient acoustic response. Our approach primarily aimed at coils devices built with high-temperature superconductor materials where using standard voltage-based techniques may be inefficient due to slow velocity propagation. The non-invasive,...
We fabricated three racetrack coils (RC1, RC2, and RC3) from Bi-2212 Rutherford cables (17-strand, thickness × width = 1.44 mm 7.8 mm, strand diameter 0.8 mm) applied overpressure processing heat treatment (OPHT). The quench currents of RC1 RC2 reached 5268 A 5781 A, respectively, despite them still, surprisingly, exhibiting some leakage to the surface. After removing most leakages using a simple-to-implement insulation scheme, current RC3 improved 6485 which is about times average dozen...
As part of the US Magnet Development Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) is working on development high field stress-managed Nb <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{3}$</tex-math></inline-formula> Sn dipole magnets using canted-cosine-theta (CCT) technology. this program, a series two layer magnets, CCT3/4/5, with short sample bore approximately 10 T and 90 mm diameter open...
Pre-stress of superconducting magnets can be applied directly through the magnet yoke structure. We have replaced collar functionality in our 14 Tesla R&D Nb/sub 3/Sn dipole with an assembly procedure based on aluminum shell and bladders. Bladders, placed between coil pack surrounding inside shell, are pressurized up to 10 ksi [70 MPa] create interference gap. Keys into gap replace bladder functionality. Following assembly, bladders deflated removed. Strain gauges mounted used monitor stress...
The Superconducting Magnet Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has been developing the technology for using brittle superconductor in high-field accelerator magnets. HD1, latest a series of magnets, contains two, double-layer Nb/sub 3/Sn flat racetrack coils. This single-bore dipole configuration, highest performance conductor available, was designed and assembled 16 tesla conductor/structure/pre-stress proof-of-principle. With combination high Lorentz stress, considerable care...
We have measured the polarization of $\ensuremath{\Lambda}'s$ in inclusive $\mathrm{pp}$ and ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ reactions $\overline{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}'s$ $\overline{p}p$ interactions at a beam momentum 176 GeV/c. Data were taken beam-fragmentation region with hyperon transverse momenta from 0.2 to 1.5 The $\overline{P}$ produced same magnitude sign as $p$-produced $\ensuremath{\Lambda}'s$, whereas are more highly polarized opposite direction.
The critical current density of Bi-2212 round wires has seen significant improvement over the past two years. We present magnetic design and stress analysis dipoles based on Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) technology using state-of-the-art wires. first design, a 19-strand Rutherford cable 00.8 mm strands, is two-layer dipole with bore diameter 40 an outer 98.4 mm; it generates 5.4 T when operating in stand-alone configuration 18.9 15 background field. second 13-strand also 81 4.0 17.8 Normal...
REBa2Cu3Ox (REBCO, RE = rare earth elements) coated conductors can carry high current in background fields, principle enabling dipole magnetic fields beyond 20 T. Although model accelerator magnets wound with single REBCO tapes have been successfully demonstrated, magnet technology based on high-current cables for high-field applications has yet to be established. We developed a two-layer canted cosθ an aperture of 70 mm using 30 m long commercial Conductor Round Core (CORC®) wires. The 3.1...
To enable the physics research that continues to deepen our understanding of Universe, future circular colliders will require a critical and unique instrument—magnets can generate dipole field 20 T above. However, today’s maturing magnet technology for low-temperature superconductors (Nb-Ti Nb3Sn) lead maximum around 16 T. High-temperature such as REBCO can, in principle, higher fields but significant challenges exist both conductor technology. address these challenges, several needs,...