A5084307075- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Climate variability and models
- Water resources management and optimization
- Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Hydrological Forecasting Using AI
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Integrated Energy Systems Optimization
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Climate change and permafrost
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Coal and Its By-products
- Silicon Effects in Agriculture
Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate
2006-2022
Norsk Hydro (Norway)
2016-2022
Government of Norway
2021
Norwegian Public Roads Administration
2018
University of Oslo
2005-2016
Norwegian Meteorological Institute
2016
Wageningen University & Research
2011-2012
University of Washington
2002-2003
Water scarcity severely impairs food security and economic prosperity in many countries today. Expected future population changes will, as well globally, increase the pressure on available water resources. On supply side, renewable resources will be affected by projected precipitation patterns, temperature, other climate variables. Here we use a large ensemble of global hydrological models (GHMs) forced five latest greenhouse-gas concentration scenarios (Representative Concentration...
Significance Humans alter the water cycle by constructing dams and through withdrawals. Climate change is expected to additionally affect supply demand. Here, model analyses of climate direct human impacts on terrestrial are presented. The results indicate that impact man-made reservoirs withdrawals long-term global balance small. However, in some river basins, interventions significant. In parts Asia United States, effects exceed for moderate levels warming. This study also identifies areas...
We compare ensembles of water supply and demand projections from 10 global hydrological models six gridded crop models. These are produced as part the Inter-Sectoral Impacts Model Intercomparison Project, with coordination Agricultural Improvement driven by outputs general circulation run under representative concentration pathway 8.5 Fifth Coupled Project. Models project that direct climate impacts to maize, soybean, wheat, rice involve losses 400-1,400 Pcal (8-24% present-day total) when...
Abstract Six land surface models and five global hydrological participate in a model intercomparison project [Water Model Intercomparison Project (WaterMIP)], which for the first time compares simulation results of these different classes consistent way. In this paper, setup is described aspects multimodel terrestrial water balance are presented. All were run at 0.5° spatial resolution areas 15-yr period (1985–99) using newly developed meteorological dataset. Simulated evapotranspiration,...
This paper presents a quantitative estimation of the impact reservoirs on discharge and irrigation water supply during 20th century at global, continental, river basin scale. Compared to natural situation combined effect reservoir operation extractions decreased mean annual oceans significantly changed timing this discharge. For example, in Europe, May by 10%, while February it increased 8%. At end century, operations global about 2.1% (930 km 3 yr −1 ). Simulation results show that...
Abstract Crop irrigation is responsible for 70% of humanity's water demand. Since the late 1990s, expansion irrigated areas has been tapering off, and this trend expected to continue in future. Future demand (IWD) is, however, subject large uncertainties due anticipated climate change. Here, we use a set seven global hydrological models (GHMs) quantify impact projected change on IWD currently by end century, assess resulting arising from both GHMs projections. The ensemble projections...
Abstract. Climate change is expected to alter the hydrological cycle resulting in large-scale impacts on water availability. However, future climate impact assessments are highly uncertain. For first time, multiple global (three) and models (eight) were used systematically assess response project state of resources. This multi-model ensemble allows us investigate how hydrology contribute uncertainty projected changes compared models. Due their systematic biases, GCM outputs cannot be...
Impacts of reservoirs and irrigation water withdrawals on continental surface fluxes are studied within the framework Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model for a part North America, Asia. A reservoir model, designed continental‐scale simulations, is developed implemented in VIC model. The successfully simulates requirements, captures main effects operations fluxes, although consumptive use somewhat underestimated. For American region, simulated requirements uses 191 98 km 3 year −1 ,...
The Rhône-Aggregation (Rhône-AGG) Land Surface Scheme (LSS) intercomparison project is an initiative within the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX)/Global Land–Atmosphere System Study (GLASS) panel of World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). It a intermediate step leading up to next phase Soil Wetness Project (GSWP) (Phase 2), for which there will be broader investigation aggregation between global scales (GSWP-1) river scale. This makes use Rhône modeling system, was developed...
Abstract. Realistic estimates of daily streamflow and water temperature are required for effective management resources (e.g. electricity drinking production) freshwater ecosystems. Although hydrological process-based modelling approaches have been successfully applied to small catchments short time periods, much less work has done at large spatial temporal scales. We present a physically based framework river discharge simulations applicable systems on global scale. Model performance was...
Global-scale hydrological models are routinely used to assess water scarcity, flood hazards and droughts worldwide. Recent efforts incorporate anthropogenic activities in these have enabled more realistic comparisons with observations. Here we evaluate simulations from an ensemble of six participating the second phase Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Inter-comparison Project (ISIMIP2a). We simulate monthly runoff 40 catchments, spatially distributed across eight global hydrobelts. The performance...
We present one of the first climate change impact assessments on river runoff that utilises an ensemble global hydrological models (Glob-HMs) and catchment-scale (Cat-HMs), across multiple catchments: upper Amazon, Darling, Ganges, Lena, Mississippi, Niger, Rhine Tagus. Relative changes in simulated mean annual (MAR) four indicators high low extreme flows are compared between two ensembles. The median values with three different scenarios global-mean warming (1, 2 3 °C above pre-industrial...
Since the 1930s, combined streamflow from largest Eurasian rivers discharging to Arctic Ocean has been increasing. For many of these rivers, an increase in annual volume accompanied by a shift seasonality (e.g., earlier snowmelt runoff spring). These changes and seasonal may be due direct effects climate change increased precipitation, or snow accumulation ablation patterns), indirect permafrost), human storage release river reservoirs). We develop describe method estimate potential...
This paper studies some impacts of climate change on electricity markets, focusing three effects. First, demand for is affected because changes in the temperature. Second, precipitation and temperature have impact supply hydro electric production through a shift inflow water. Third, plant efficiency thermal generation will decrease water used to cool equipment increases. To find magnitude these partial effects, as well overall Western European energy we use multi-market equilibrium model...
Abstract. Due to biases in the output of climate models, a bias correction is often needed make suitable for use hydrological simulations. In most cases only temperature and precipitation values are corrected. However, there also other variables such as radiation, humidity wind speed. this study we tested what extent it correct these variables. Responses estimates from two models four large-scale analysed. For period 1971–2000 simulations compared using meteorological data based on...
Abstract Water-related impacts are among the most important consequences of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. Changes in global water cycle will also impact carbon and nutrient cycles vegetation patterns. There is already some evidence severity floods droughts scarcity linked to gases. So far, however, on resources direct interventions by humans, such as dams, extractions, river channel modifications. The Water Global Change (WATCH) project a major international initiative bring...
Abstract The topographically explicit distributed hydrology–soil–vegetation model (DHSVM) is used to simulate hydrological effects of changes in land cover for four catchments, ranging from 27 1033 km 2 , within the Columbia River basin. Surface fluxes (stream flow and evapotranspiration) state variables (soil moisture snow water equivalent) corresponding historical (1900) current (1990) vegetation are compared. In addition a sensitivity analysis, where catchments covered entirely by...
Abstract This study examines the impact of climate change on droughts in Norway. A spatially distributed (1 × 1 km 2 ) version Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) precipitation-runoff model was used to provide hydrological data for analyses. Downscaled daily temperature and precipitation derived from two atmosphere–ocean general circulation models with future emission scenarios were applied as input HBV model. The differences hydroclimatological drought characteristics summer...
Abstract. Climate change and its impacts already pose considerable challenges for societies that will further increase with global warming (IPCC, 2014a, b). Uncertainties of the climatic response to greenhouse gas emissions include potential passing large-scale tipping points (e.g. Lenton et al., 2008; Levermann 2012; Schellnhuber, 2010) changes in extreme meteorological events (Field 2012) complex on (Hallegatte 2013). Thus climate mitigation is considered a necessary societal avoiding...
The sensitivity to spatial scale of runoff produced by the variable infiltration capacity (VIC) macroscale hydrologic model is investigated implementing over Columbia and Arkansas‐Red River basins at resolutions from one‐eighth 2° latitude longitude. At lower meteorological, topographical, land cover data highest resolution are averaged spatially. Simulated mean annual streamflow as much 18 12% for basins, respectively, compared degree implementation. When VIC subgrid parameterization...
Projections for the hydrological impacts of climate change are necessarily reliant on a chain models which numerous alternative and approaches available. Many these alternatives produce dissimilar results can undermine their use in practical applications due to differences. A methodology developing impact projections representing range model outcomes is demonstrated based application with input data from six regional scenarios, have been further adjusted match local conditions. Multiple...
Abstract. Despite significant progress in climate impact research, the narratives that science can presently piece together of a 2, 3, 4, or 5 °C warmer world remain fragmentary. Here we briefly review past undertakings to characterise comprehensively and quantify impacts based on multi-model approaches. We then report Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP), community-driven effort compare models across sectors scales systematically, uncertainties along chain from...
Lack of national soil property maps limits the studies moisture (SM) dynamics in Norway. One alternative is to apply global data as input for macro-scale hydrological modelling, but quality these still unknown. The objectives this study are 1) evaluate two recent databases (Wise30sec and SoilGrids) comparison with from local profiles; 2) which database supports better model performance terms river discharge SM three catchments Norway 3) suggest criteria selection models different complexity....