A pilot-scale plasma reactor installed into an 8 × 20 ft2 mobile trailer was used to rapidly and effectively degrade poly- perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from liquid investigation-derived waste (IDW; development purge water monitoring wells) obtained 13 different site investigations at Air Force installations. In the raw water, numerous PFAS were detected in a wide concentration range (∼10-105 ng/L; total oxidizable precursors (TOP) ∼102-105 ng/L, fluorine by combustion ion chromatography...

There is a critical need to develop appropriate management strategies for 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) due its widespread occurrence and perceived recalcitrance at groundwater sites where chlorinated solvents are present. A comprehensive evaluation of California state (GeoTracker) Air Force monitoring records was used provide significant evidence dioxane attenuation field sites. Temporal changes in the site-wide maximum concentrations were estimate source rates GeoTracker (median length period =...

Abstract The use of aqueous film‐forming foam (AFFF) has resulted in the widespread occurrence per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) groundwater, drinking water, soils, sediments, receiving waters throughout United States other countries. We present research development efforts to date by Strategic Environmental Research Development Program (SERDP) Security Technology Certification (ESTCP) measure PFAS environment, characterize AFFF‐associated sources PFAS, understand fate behavior...

Increasing regulatory attention to 1,4-dioxane has prompted the United States Air Force (USAF) evaluate potential environmental liabilities, primarily associated with legacy contamination, at an enterprise scale. Although accurately quantifying liability is operationally difficult given limited historic monitoring data, a known constituent (i.e., stabilizer) of chlorinated solvents, in particular 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). Evidence regarding co-occurrence and trichloroethylene (TCE),...

Abstract Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large class of persistent chemicals used for decades in industrial commercial applications. A key challenge with regard to estimating potential risk ecological (and human) receptors associated PFAS exposure lies the fact that there many different compounds several can co‐occur any given environmental sample. We applied data science approach characterize prioritize mixtures from dataset measurements surface waters US Air Force...

A pilot-scale plasma-based water treatment system containing two enhanced contact plasma reactors was deployed to a fire training area at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base treat poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous film-forming foam-impacted groundwater from monitoring wells, wells B C. Extracted both treated through the trailer semibatch mode flow rates ranging 2.4 8.4 L/min. Long-chain acids (PFAAs; fluorocarbon chain of ≥6) PFAS precursors were reduced by ≥90% for all...

Abstract Soil‐to‐groundwater contaminant mass discharge ( M d ) is the authoritative metric defining source strength at sites impacted by per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) increasingly being reported. Accurate estimates of groundwater recharge representative spatial scales, however, critical to quantitatively estimating , which date has received comparatively little attention relative PFAS‐specific partitioning retention processes within unsaturated zone areas despite a plethora...

Many entities around the world are initiating massive field campaigns to characterize environmental distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), particularly at aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) impacted sites where historic point-source discharges occurred ground surface. Concurrently, many regulatory agencies publishing criteria used in practice define "nature extent" PFAS-impacted media. Specific soil-to-groundwater transport pathway protective groundwater ingestion end...

Abstract Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) detection at military installations where current historical aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) use has occurred drive a need for empirical derivation of environmentally relevant PFAS mixtures to facilitate toxicity testing risk assessment efforts. We applied formalized prioritization method large dataset concentrations in surface soil AFFF-affected sites on active former U.S. Air Force installations. Our approach revealed several...

Abstract Making remediation and risk management decisions for widely‐distributed chemicals is a challenging aspect of contaminated site management. The objective this study to present an initial evaluation the ubiquitous, ambient environmental distribution poly‐ perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) within context decision‐making at sites. PFAS are anthropogenic contaminants emerging concern with wide variety consumer industrial sources uses that result in multiple exposure routes humans....

The US Department of Defense (DoD) has made significant investment in understanding the fate and transport per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) subsurface, primarily through Strategic Environmental Research Development Program (SERDP) Security Technology Certification (ESTCP). SERDP is DoD's environmental science technology program invests across a broad spectrum basic applied research, whereas ESTCP demonstration validation intended to collect cost performance data overcome implementation...

A field-scale validation is summarized comparing the efficacy of commercially available stabilization amendments with objective mitigating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) leaching from aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)-impacted source zones. The scope this work included bench-scale testing to evaluate multiple application concentrations mitigate PFAS leachability execution soil mixing in an AFFF-impacted fire-training area nearly 2.5 years post-soil monitoring validate reductions...

Estimation of the range‐ and height‐dependent index refraction over sea surface facilitates prediction ducted microwave propagation loss. In this paper, refractivity estimation from radar clutter returns is performed using a Markov state space model for propagation. Specifically, parabolic approximation numerical solution wave equation used to formulate (RFC) problem within nonlinear recursive Bayesian framework. RFC under formulation more efficient than global fitting parameters when total...

Abstract This research demonstrates that groundwater contaminated by a relatively dilute but persistent concentration of 1,4‐dioxane (1,4‐D), approximately 60 μg/L, and chlorinated aliphatic co‐contaminants (1.4 to 10 μg/L) can be efficiently reliably treated in situ aerobic cometabolic biodegradation (ACB). A field trial lasting 265 days was conducted at Operable Unit D the former McClellan Air Force Base involved establishing an ACB reactor through amending recirculated with propane...

Arsenic (As) is one of the most widespread, toxic elements in environment and human activities have resulted a large number contaminated areas. However abundant, potential As toxicity from exposure to soils limited fraction that will dissolve gastrointestinal system be absorbed into systemic circulation or bioavailable species. In part, release soil fluid depends on form solid phase also termed "As speciation." this study, 27 As-contaminated wastes were analyzed using X-ray absorption...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) continue to receive significant attention, with particular concern for PFASs such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), which was a constituent of aqueous film-forming foam used widely fire suppressant aircraft since the 1970s. We were interested in potential risk ecological receptors inhabiting Cooper Bayou, is adjacent 2 former fire-training areas at Barksdale Air Force Base (LA, USA). Previous research showed higher PFOS concentrations surface...