Mast cells secrete various substances that initiate and perpetuate allergic responses. Cross-linking of the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) in RBL-2H3 bone marrow–derived mast activates sphingosine kinase (SphK), which leads to generation secretion potent sphingolipid mediator, sphingosine-1–phosphate (S1P). In turn, S1P its receptors S1P1 S1P2 are present cells. Moreover, inhibition SphK blocks FcεRI-mediated internalization these markedly reduces degranulation chemotaxis. Although...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, is the ligand for five specific G protein-coupled receptors, named S1P1 to S1P5. In this study, we found that cross-communication between platelet-derived growth factor receptor and S1P2 serves as negative damper of PDGF functions. Deletion dramatically increased migration mouse embryonic fibroblasts toward S1P, serum, but not fibronectin. This enhanced was dependent on expression sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), enzyme...

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease in which antibodies against the desmosomal cadherin, DSG3 (desmoglein-3), cause acantholysis. It has become increasingly clear that loss of cell-cell adhesion PV a complex and active process involving multiple signaling events such as activation p38MAPK. also been demonstrated incubating keratinocytes with IgG causes redistribution from cell surface to endosomes, target these proteins for degradation. This study was undertaken...

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The pemphigus family of autoimmune bullous disorders is characterized by autoantibody binding to desmoglein 1 and/or 3 (dsg1/dsg3). In this study we show that EGF receptor (EGFR) activated following vulgaris (PV) IgG treatment primary human keratinocytes and EGFR activation downstream p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38). Inhibition blocked PV IgG-triggered dsg3 endocytosis, keratin intermediate filament retraction, loss cell-cell adhesion in vitro. Significantly, inhibiting prevented...

In pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus (PF), autoantibodies against desmoglein-3 desmoglein-1 induce epidermal cell detachment (acantholysis) blistering. Activation of keratinocyte intracellular signaling pathways is emerging as an important component IgG-mediated acantholysis. We previously reported activation p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in response to pathogenic PF IgG. Inhibition p38MAPK blocked IgG-induced cytoskeletal reorganization tissue culture blistering mouse models....

The lysophospholipids, lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), are bioactive lipid molecules that regulate diverse biological processes. Although the specific G protein-coupled receptors for acid sphingosine-1-phosphate have been well-characterized, much less is known of SPC receptors. It has reported ovarian cancer receptor 1 (OGR1) a high affinity SPC, its closely related homologue GPR4 with low lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). However, in...

Abstract We had found previously that neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) is a potent stimulator of cAMP‐response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in cultured oligodendrocyte progenitors. Here, we show CREB these cells also highly stimulated by sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P), sphingolipid metabolite known to be mediator numerous biological processes. Moreover, response NT‐3 involves sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), the enzyme synthesizes S1P. Immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy indicated...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is the ligand for a family of specific G protein-coupled receptors that regulate wide variety cellular functions, including cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell motility. Because pivotal role S1P, its levels are low tightly regulated in spatial-temporal manner through synthesis catalyzed by sphingosine kinases degradation an S1P lyase phosphatases (SPP). Surprisingly, down-regulation SPP-1 enhanced migration toward epidermal growth factor (EGF); conversely,...

Pemphigus is a group of human autoimmune blistering diseases the skin in which autoantibodies to desmosome cadherins induce loss cell‐cell adhesion (acantholysis). In addition steric hindrance and activation intracellular signaling, apoptosis has been suggested contribute mechanism by pathogenic IgG induces acantholysis. We review current literature examining role pemphigus. Current data suggest that not required for blister induction, but proapoptotic proteins, including caspase cysteine...

This paper describes different approaches for detection and identification of diseases in apples using computer vision. Our proposed algorithms analyze surface appearance apple defects image features, viz. color texture. For segmentation Region Of Interest (ROI), K-means clustering is performed over the pixels based on their intensity values. creation feature vector, combinations Gabor Wavelets with descriptors were explored. Comparative study has been carried out between Haralick Local...

Abstract Capecitabine is a widely used and effective oral chemotherapeutic agent for metastatic breast cancer colorectal cancer; however, it associated with several adverse effects. Of these effects, hand–foot syndrome (HFS) or palmar–plantar erythrodysesthesia, characterized by chronic inflammation, particularly of the hands feet, most notable. Chronic inflammation increases risk squamous cell cancers. We present unique case patient whose disease was controlled capecitabine over decade. She...

Patients with field cancerization will develop numerous superficial non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Treating patients can be challenging and burdensome due to the (NMSCs) they frequent dermatology visits required for biopsy treatment.The success rate of diagnosing treating lesions suspicious NMSCs on same day is measured, immediately after biopsy.We retrospectively reviewed records lesion diagnosis curettage treatment determine diagnostic accuracy, failure, number needed treat reduce a...

Debulking followed by intralesional 5-fluorouracil (deb-IL5FU) is a nonsurgical modality which has been used to treat skin cancer anecdotally for many years. There are few in depth studies examining this technique and success rate of (IL5FU) the treatment cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). To evaluate response deb-IL5FU cSCC determine patient factors were associated with tumor clearance or failure. A retrospective chart analysis patients diagnosis keratoacanthoma (KA) subsequent...

Sézary syndrome is a rare leukemic subtype of cutaneous T cell lymphoma that characterized by erythroderma, lymphadenopathy, and malignant cells in the peripheral blood. Poor prognostic factors include advanced disease stage, older age at onset, large transformation. Presentation with bullous lesions, though rare, has been reported few patients. We present an elderly woman who presented two-month history progressive rash. Upon admission, patient had pruritic, erythematous, edematous plaques...

Goel, Nikita S. MD; Varma, Rajat Zedek, Daniel C.; Jolly, Puneet MD, PhD Author Information