In our previous work, soft magnetic composite (SMC) material was employed to design cores for two kinds of permanent magnet (PM) motors, namely transverse flux machine (TFM) and claw pole motor. Compared with motors designed by traditional silicon steel sheets, these require 3D new manufacturing method. Meanwhile, the performances highly depend on parameters besides structure parameters. Therefore, we present a robust optimization method high quality PM-SMC improve their industrial...

From our previous study, permanent magnet (PM) transverse flux machine with soft magnetic composite material core is very promising. However, from the point of view engineering application, at least two more aspects have to be considered. First, not only but also its control system has investigated and optimized simultaneously. Second, robust design requirements must included in level optimization, which a important issue modern quality design. Therefore, improve applications this type...

Abstract Concrete for hydraulic structures in cold regions is exposed to not only abrasion damage or wear but also freeze-thaw (FT) damage. FT cycles may lead surface internal (though sometimes observable) which would accelerate and further reduce the durability of structures. In this work, a detailed experimental program was proposed study concrete under combined action abrasion. More specifically, first subjected different (0, 50, 75, 100 cycles) then followed by test using sediment-laden...

Three sequential optimization methods, least square method, Kriging and linear Bayesian are presented for the design of electromagnetic device. Sequential method (SOM) is composed coarse process fine process. The main purpose former to reduce space; while target latter update optimal parameters. To illustrate performance proposed an analytic test function TEAM Workshop Problem 22 investigated. Experimental results demonstrate that SOM can obtain satisfactory solutions; practical application...

We present two new sequential optimization strategies, a subspace method (SSOM) and an improved (SOM) with orthogonal experimental design technique, to deal problems of electromagnetic devices in this work. To implement the proposed methods, we first divide whole factors into three sets, namely highly-significant, significant, nonsignificant factors. Then space can be correspondingly divided subspaces these sets Thereafter, SSOM is presented sequentially optimize those subspaces. In...

A multiobjective sequential optimization method (MSOM) is presented to deal with practical design problems of industrial electromagnetic devices. MSOM consists a strategy model and modified central composite (CCD) sampling method. To improve the efficiency, Kriging employed construct approximate models. Then CCD update sample sets obtained Pareto optimal points Thereafter, by investigating test function three-dimensional permanent magnet transverse flux machine, it can be found that proposed...

The multiquadric radial basis function method (MQ RBF or, simply, MQ) developed recently is a truly meshless collocation with global functions. It was introduced for solving many 1- and 2-D partial differential equations (PDEs), including linear nonlinear problems. However, few works are found electromagnetic PDEs, especially 3-D This paper presents an improved MQ Numerical results show considerable improvement in accuracy over the traditional method, although both methods direct exponential...

Improved sequential optimization method (SOM) and dimension reduction (DROM) are presented for high dimensional design problems of electromagnetic devices. SOM can simultaneously optimize the statistical approximate models algorithms more efficiently compared with SOM. Using DROM, a problem be converted into low expert experience or some experiment techniques. Then two TEAM benchmark (Problem 22 Problem 25) investigated to illustrate efficiency proposed methods. From experimental results, we...

We present two new strategies for sequential optimization method (SOM) to deal with the design problems of electromagnetic devices. One is a space reduction strategy; other model selection strategy. Meanwhile, radial basis function (RBF) and compactly supported RBF models are investigated extend applied types SOM. Thereafter, Monte Carlo employed demonstrate efficiency superiority Five commonly used approximate considered discussion Furthermore, by TEAM benchmark examples, we can see that...

This paper discovers and researches problems on numerical oscillations of the solution in element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) when it uses high order polynomial basis, puts forward meshless based orthogonal basis (MLMBOB), which is composed essential boundary conditions with Penalty method, then gets solutions partial differential equations. holds nearly all qualities EFGM removes many drawbacks it, has accuracy used. Therefore, fit for engineering computational electromagnetics. Examples...

In this paper, a novel and normalized Z-transform-based finite-difference time-domain (ZTFDTD) method is presented for simulating the interaction of electromagnetic (EM) wave with unmagnetized plasma. The 2-D ZTFDTD formulations plasma are derived. Using simplified model perfectly conducting cylinder covered plasma, stealth effect studied in different thicknesses electron densities EM frequencies, collision frequencies. Numerical results indicate that effective theory reasonable selection...

Upwind-linear edge elements, which can eliminate the non-physical oscillation solution, are presented for 3D moving conductor eddy current problems. This numerical method allows jump of normal field component and increases solution accuracy. The Galerkin is employed in non-eddy domain. proposed used to discretize formulation that uses magnetic intensity H as a variable whole region. Eddy problems involving effects validate this technique.

The magnetic field in a DC permanent magnet coreless disc machine is studied depth by using different methods, such as three dimensional finite element method (3DFEM), two (2DFEM) and circuit (MCM) based on an analytical solution. For optimization, the cases for dimensions, airgap lengths configurations are investigated detail. Numerical results show that if provided ferrite magnets, ratio of thickness to length should be greater than 3 distance from stator wall or width magnetism-free...

In eddy current testing (ECT), a thin-opening crack in plate conductor is frequently encountered. The field perturbation due to the may be described as effect produced by an equivalent dipole layer located on its surface. density found solving boundary integral equation. this paper, formulas of electric dyadic Green's function for limited thickness are derived. Following moment method scheme, numerical predictions made benchmark models ECT steam generator. perturbations cracks calculated....

In eddy-current testing (ECT), a thin-opening crack is frequently encountered. this paper, such modeled by using an ideal crack, in which the field perturbation due to described as effect produced equivalent current dipole layer located on its surface. The density can be found solving electric integral equation. By following moment method scheme, numerical predictions are made for steam generator tube ECT benchmark models Step 2 and 3, where conductor plate wall, respectively, detected....

The iterative boundary-element method for the calculation of nonlinear magnetostatic and eddy-current problems in 2-D is treated. Boundary-integral-equation formulations terms vector potential its normal scheme that can assure solution convergence described. Two examples are given to show efficiency accuracy present method. One consists modeling magnetostatics magnetic field potential; other problem computing T-E-mode eddy current.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

The boundary element method (BEM) for 3-D eddy current problems formulated in terms of the second order vector potential is presented. formulation provides least possible number degrees freedom per node and offers considerable savings computing. Numerical results two test showing good agreement with available experimental analytical are illustrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

This paper presents the boundary polynomial point interpolation meshless method (BPPIM) and radial (BRPIM) based on basis function (PBF) (RBF), respectively, for transient eddy-current analysis, their shape functions satisfy Kronecker delta function, thus, essential conditions can be directly imposed nodes. An example analyzing eddy current of a square metal column is set to prove validity proposed methods, comparison accuracy between BPPIM BRPIM analyzed as well

A novel multiscale combined radial basis function (RBF) collocation method, as a truly meshless is presented to overcome the shortage of general RBF method and applied analyze eddy currents in high-speed moving conductors this paper. typical example set here illustrate accuracy affectivity proposed including comparison with finite element (FEM).

This paper presents a boundary meshless method (BMLM) for transient eddy current problems. With difference to the traditional element (BEM), BMLM combines point interpolation (PIM) construction of spatial functions with integral formulation governing equations, thus satisfy Kronecker delta function and essential condition can be directly imposed without any other procedure. Theoretical analysis in details is given example also presented prove proposed theory.

This paper presents a novel radial basis function (RBF) collocation method to solve the moving conductor eddy current problem. The magnetic field is considered an addition of two fields generated respectively by excitation and according source superposition principle. corresponding governing equations are decoupled solved with RBF. Moving coordinate systems in which separate computed also constructed avoid model reconfiguration caused motion. Electromagnetic analyzed kinetic circuit together...

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Using Gaussian numerical integration formula, the problem of estimating particle size distribution (PSD) in ferrofluids can be converted into an electromagnetic inverse problem. Then we present two Bayesian analytical estimators, minimum mean-square error estimator and maximum a posteriori estimator, to reconstruct PSD magnetic particles. In implementation, weighted norm approach, likelihood...

Radial basis function (RBF) collocation method is a kind of pure meshless numerical and has been applied to solve static transient electromagnetic problems. Especially, it shows great advantage in the computation moving conductor eddy current magnetic To simulate movement, field equations are decoupled with superposition principle solved by time-domain iteration under coordinate systems. One problem that coefficient matrix RBF governing equations, which needs be computed each step, full. As...

This paper presents a novel approach for solving problems of electromagnetic fields near material interfaces. is based on combination radial basis functions (RBF) and improved domain decomposition (DD) method. We discuss three in this condition, compared with common method two subregions example. To get the same precision, has extended range parameter <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> functions. also apply to analysis...