Hepatoprotective effect of the leaves and stems Ampelopsis grossedentata together with its main constituent, ampelopsin, were examined on D-galactosamine induced liver injury in rats. The diet containing 50% ethanolic extract (1%) ampelopsin (0.1%) markedly suppressed increase LDH, ALT, AST, alpha-tocopherol levels GSG/GSSH caused by GalN treatment. These results suggested that from Tocha acted to prevent oxidative stress vivo may have been due active oxygen species formed a macrophage action GalN.

Abstract Protein malnutrition promotes hepatic steatosis, decreases insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I production and retards growth. To identify new molecules involved in such changes, we conducted DNA microarray analysis on liver samples from rats fed an isoenergetic low-protein diet for 8 h. We identified the fibroblast 21 gene ( Fgf21 ) as one of most strongly up-regulated genes under conditions acute protein P <0·05, false-discovery rate<0·001). In addition, amino acid deprivation...

Epidural analgesia is typically avoided in patients with portal hypertension due to multiple risk factors: engorgement of epidural venous plexuses, platelet dysfunction despite normal counts, and potential postoperative coagulopathy following liver surgery. These risks persist even when preoperative coagulation parameters appear normal. While peripheral nerve blocks are increasingly utilized for minimally invasive laparoscopic procedures, intertransverse process block (ITPB) catheter...

The preventive effects of acylated anthocyanins from red cabbage on paraquat-induced oxidative stress were determined in rats. Decreased food intake and body weight gain, increased lung atherogenic index by feeding the rats a diet containing paraquat clearly suppressed supplementing anthocynins to diet. Paraquat concentration thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) liver lipids, decreased triacylglycerol level. These tended be In addition, catalase activity mitochondrial fraction was...

Abstract We previously reported that a low-protein diet caused animals to develop fatty liver containing high level of triglycerides (TG), similar the human nutritional disorder “kwashiorkor”. To investigate underlying mechanisms, we cultured hepatocytes in amino acid-sufficient or deficient medium. Surprisingly, intracellular TG was increased by acid deficiency without addition any lipids hormones, accompanied enhanced lipid synthesis, indicating themselves monitored extracellular...

Abstract The plasma concentration and liver mRNA content of IGF-I are regulated by the quantity quality dietary proteins. To determine whether synthesis IGF-binding proteins (BPs) is also affected protein nutrition, we assessed concentration, tissue transcription rate each BP after rats were fed either a 12% casein or protein-free diet for 1 week. Protein deprivation reduced IGFBP-3 IGFBP-4 increased that IGFBP-1 IGFBP-2. in tissues rates did not change response to although their...

The effect of a dietary soy protein isolate (SPI), peptide (PEP) and the amino acids in on paraquat (PQ)-induced oxidative stress was investigated rats. In first experiment, male Wistar rats were fed experimental diets containing casein (CAS), SPI PEP as nitrogen sources with or without 0.025% PQ. reduced food intake body weight gain PQ mitigated by either intake. Both prevented elevation serum TBARS concentration tended to prevent lung induced second an acid mixture resembling (CASAA)...

Accumulated evidence indicates that oxidative stress causes and/or promotes insulin resistance; however, the mechanism by which this occurs is not fully understood. This study was undertaken to elucidate molecular induced paraquat impairs insulin-dependent glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We confirmed paraquat-induced decreased transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation cell surface, resulting repression of 2-deoxyglucose uptake. Under these conditions, did affect tyrosine phosphorylation...

Previously, we reported that a low-protein diet significantly reduced insulin secretion in response to feeding within 1 h rats, suggesting the insulinotropic effect of dietary protein plays an important role maintaining normal release. The current study aimed elucidate whether deficiency certain amino acids could diminish activity and investigate is restored by supplementation with acids.First, fed male Wistar rats (5-6 per group) diets deficient every single acid or three branched-chain...

Our previous studies have revealed that protein malnutrition enhances insulin signaling in rat liver and muscle response to a bolus injection. However, it has not been established whether up-regulates under physiological conditions, such as feeding. Here, we studied the effects of on after feeding liver, white adipose tissue (WAT). Six-week-old rats were fed 15% casein diet (15C) or calorie-matched 5% (5C) for 8 h/day during 14 days. On 15th day, blood tissues collected at various time...

The preventive effects of nasunin (delphinidin-3-[4-p-coumaroyl-rhamnosyl(1→6)glucoside]-5-glucoside) on paraquat-induced oxidative stress were determined in rats. Decreased food intake and body weight gain increased lung by feeding the rats a diet containing paraquat clearly suppressed supplementing to diet. Paraquat concentration thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) liver lipids atherogenic index, decreased triacylglycerol level. These also In addition, catalase activity...

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of increased transcription insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) gene in dietary protein-deprived animals, cis-acting sequence that is involved this regulation was analyzed. We first showed IGFBP-1 up-regulated by amino acid deprivation cultured liver cell lines: H4IIE and HuH-7. Since HuH-7 cells a greater increase mRNA response to deprivation, line used further experiments. Using promoter function assay, we found up-regulation...

Hepatoprotective effect of turmeric together with its sesquiterpenes and curcuminoids fractions were examined on D-galactosamine induced liver injury in rats. All the diets individually contained extract, fraction, fraction suppressed increase LDH, ALT, AST levels caused by D-GalN treatment. Since few anti-oxidative activities are expected it is presumed that hepatoprotective mechanism different from curuminoids.

Abstract Dietary protein restriction reduces insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I synthesis and impairs growth. Moreover, insulin secretion is impaired hepatic signaling activated presumably through upregulation of receptor substrate (IRS)-2, which can stimulate lipogenesis thereby resulting in steatosis. In order to determine whether the primary cause these changes, we injected into protein-restricted rats compensated for reduction 1 7 d. Insulin infusion did not overcome liver IGF-I mRNA nor...

The crystal structure of eucaryotic lipoamide dehydrogenase from yeast has been determined by an X-ray analysis at 2.7 (partially 2.4) A resolution. enzyme two identical subunits related a pseudo twofold symmetry. tertiary is similar to those other procaryotic enzymes. active site, consisting FAD, Cys44, and Cys49 one subunit His457' the subunit, highly conserved. This directly bound core protein E2 2-oxoglutarate complex, whereas it pyruvate complex through X. calculated electrostatic...

The effects of fish oil for improving mental health have been reported. present study was undertaken to compare the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) on anxiety-like behavior using a rat model. Experimental diets enriched in EPA or DHA as glycerides were prepared. Rats exposed social isolation stress fed experimental diet 14 days. results behavioral tests revealed that rats EPA-enriched exhibited less than control DHA-enriched diets. Furthermore, suppressed only socially...

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is an important hormonefor manymetabolic processes in animals (for review, see ref. 1).Although IGF-I has a structure similar to proinsulin, there much evidence suggest that the physiological role of different from insulin.1}One differences between and insulin circulating form these two hormones.Insulin circulates blood itself but found as complexes with several binding proteins rat human plasma.2) Three IGF-binding (IGFBPs),

Effect of quantity and nutritional quality dietary proteins on the content mRNA insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) was studied in rat liver kidney. IGFBP-1 per unit RNA increased kidney rats fed a protein-free diet those fasted compared with that casein diet. When were given gluten for 7 d, did not change significantly but considerably organs Because has been demonstrated both parenchymal non-parenchymal cells (Takenaka et al. 1991), effect these two types studied. An...

Vitamin E deficiency from birth or infancy has recently been found to increase anxiety-like behavior in rodents. The present study was undertaken elucidate the effect of dietary vitamin on anxiety adult rats comparison with juvenile rats. Male Wistar rats, 3 10 weeks old, were divided into two groups and fed a control E-deficient diet for 4 weeks. results behavioral analysis revealed that E-deficiency increased both Plasma, liver, brain α-tocopherol concentrations decreased significantly due...

Abstract Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is a member of the LDL family that involved in uptake VLDL into cells. Increased hepatic VLDLR under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been shown to cause fatty liver. In this study, effect dietary protein restriction on and role liver were investigated using Vldlr knockout (KO) mice. Growing wild-type (WT) KO mice fed control diet containing 20% ​​protein or low 3% for 11 days. WT mice, amount mRNA increased by approximately 8-...

Regulation of the production insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), and their related by various hormones was investigated in primary cultures rat liver parenchymal nonparenchymal cells. Freshly isolated cells contained mRNAs IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-4, hormone (GH) receptor, acid-labile subunit (ALS), which forms a ternary complex with IGF-I IGFBP-3; however, did not express IGFBP-3 gene. In contrast, mRNA exclusively, as we reported previously [Takenaka et...

The crystal structure of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from the moderate facultative thermophile Bacillus coagulans (BcEPMDH) has been determined by X-ray method. BcIPMDH is a dimeric enzyme composed two identical subunits, each which takes an open α/β with 11 α-helices and 14 β-strands. polypeptide folded into domains. first domain residues 1–101 267–356, second domain, 102–256. latter domains subunits are associated one another dyad axis to make dimer, locally forming β-sheet four-helix...

It has been demonstrated that vitamin E deficiency from birth increases anxiety-related behavior using knockout animals with no transfer proteins. The current study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of dietary on rats in different housing conditions. Male Wistar strain were divided into two groups during weaning period and fed a control or E-deficient diet. All housed (three per cage) for 3 weeks. In fourth week, half each treatment kept social other individual housing. Before...