A5012123496- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology
- Historical Economic and Social Studies
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Historical Studies on Reproduction, Gender, Health, and Societal Changes
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Head and Neck Anomalies
- Genital Health and Disease
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
- Social and Educational Sciences
York Osteoarchaeology (United Kingdom)
2005-2024
University of York
2017-2023
University of Bradford
1997
Archaeological dental calculus has emerged as a rich source of ancient biomolecules, including proteins. Previous analyses proteins extracted from revealed the presence dietary milk protein β-lactoglobulin, providing direct evidence dairy consumption in archaeological record. However, potential for to preserve other food-related not yet been systematically explored. Here we analyse shotgun metaproteomic data 100 samples ranging Iron Age post-medieval period (eighth century BC nineteenth AD)...
Abstract The purported migrations that have formed the peoples of Britain been focus generations scholarly controversy. However, this has not benefited from direct analyses ancient genomes. Here we report nine genomes (∼1 ×) individuals northern Britain: seven a Roman era York cemetery, bookended by earlier Iron-Age and later Anglo-Saxon burials. Six show affinity with modern British Celtic populations, particularly Welsh, but significantly diverge populations Yorkshire other eastern English...
Abstract Ancient DNA is a valuable tool for investigating genetic and evolutionary history that can also provide detailed profiles of the lives ancient individuals. In this study, we develop generalised computational approach to detect aneuploidies (atypical autosomal sex chromosome karyotypes) in record distinguish such karyotypes from contamination. We confirm be detected even low-coverage genomes ( ~ 0.0001-fold), common DNA. apply method skeletal remains Britain document first instance...
The use of ancient DNA in paleopathological studies tuberculosis has largely been restricted to confirmation disease identifications made by skeletal analysis; few attempts at obtaining genotype data from archaeological samples have because the need perform different PCRs for each genetic locus being studied an extract. We used a next generation sequencing approach involving hybridization capture directed specific polymorphic regions Mycobacterium genome identify detailed historic strain M....
During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, England underwent a period of rapid urbanization industrialization. The detrimental effects urban living conditions child factory labor on health children during this time has been subject considerable debate investigation by historians. It is generally understood that growing up in rural environment was more conducive to healthy growth development than within an industrial town. This study presents first direct comparison bioarchaeological...
Proteomic analysis of dental calculus is emerging as a powerful tool for disease and dietary characterisation archaeological populations. To better understand the variability in protein results from calculus, we analysed 21 samples three Roman-period populations to compare: 1) quantity extracted protein; 2) number mass spectral queries; 3) peptide matches identifications. We found little correlation between total identifications, well no systematic trends site location preservation....
Summary Historical, artefactual and place‐name evidence indicates that S candinavian migrants moved to eastern E ngland in the ninth century AD , settling D anelaw. However, only a handful of characteristically burials have been found region. One, widely held, explanation is most these settlers quickly adopted local C hristian burial customs, thus leaving candinavians indistinguishable from A nglo‐ axon population. We undertook osteological isotopic analysis investigate presence...
The analysis of dental calculus (mineralised plaque) has become an increasingly important facet bioarchaeological research. Although microscopic microdebris entrapped within revealed insights into the diet, health, and environment multiple prehistoric populations, relatively few studies have examined contributions this approach to more recent historical periods. In study, we analyze from English Post-Medieval, middle-class urban skeletal assemblage Manchester, England using light microscopy....
Child labour is the most common form of child abuse in world today, with almost half workers employed hazardous industries. The large-scale employment children during rapid industrialisation late 18 th and early 19 centuries England well documented. During this period, removal pauper from workhouses cities to work as apprentices rural mills North was commonplace. Whilst experiences some these have been recorded historically, study provides first direct evidence their lives through...
Archaeological dental calculus can provide detailed insights into the ancient human oral microbiome. We offer a multi-period, multi-site, shotgun metagenomic dataset consisting of 174 samples obtained primarily from archaeological derived various skeletal collections in United Kingdom. This article describes all materials used including skeletons' historical period and burial location, biological sex, age determination, data accessibility, additional details associated with environmental...
A cholesteatoma is a collection of dead epithelial cells in the ear which becomes infected with low-grade pathogenic microorganisms. The lesion tends to cause resorption surrounding bone, potentially permits its recognition skeletal remains. Cholesteatoma may occur middle or outer ear. Using two examples remains from British archaeological sites, differential diagnosis other aural diseases demonstrated. Some differences bony lesions caused by and external canal enable be distinguished...
Abstract Historical evidence suggests that social status played a major role in all aspects of society eighteenth–nineteenth century England. We present an insight into how socioeconomic affected the dietary habits two post-medieval urban populations from Greater Manchester, northwest Stable carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen 15 N) isotope ratios were measured humans Cross Street Unitarian Chapel (middle class: n = 90) Manchester city centre Street, Hazel Grove (lower with few middle-class...
Abstract Objectives We evaluate the potential of paired isotopic analysis bone carbonate and collagen to examine diet post‐medieval human animal populations from England (17th–19th c.), including, for first time, manufacturing towns in northern England. The identifying C 4 crop consumption is explored alongside regional local patterning by sex socioeconomic status. Materials Methods Humans ( n = 216) animals 168) were analyzed sites London both carbon nitrogen isotopes (𝛿 13 coll , 𝛿 15 N )....
Dental calculus (mineralised dental plaque) is composed primarily of hydroxyapatite. We hypothesise that the carbonate component will reflect isotopic composition ingested simple carbohydrates. Therefore, carbonates may be an indicator for sugar consumption, and alternative to bone in palaeodiet studies.
This paper presents the results of re-analysis and dating skeletal material from two Early Bronze Age barrows in east Yorkshire, which contained log coffin burials. Towthorpe 139, was investigated nineteenth century by antiquarian JR Mortimer Willie Howe, Cowlam excavated TCM Brewster 1960s. Analysis human remains revealed that inhumed body an adult male cremated remains, were found mound above burial a young person. Those Howe who had suffered blow to head. Not enough burials survived...
In their paper, Redfern and Clegg draw attention to two key issues that have an adverse effect on English Welsh osteological assemblages, including the commercial post-excavation analysis of human remains academic research skeletons. This response Clegg's paper is based experiences these as a managing director company (York Osteoarchaeology Ltd) lecturer in Bioarchaeology at University York includes advice suggestions from colleagues both institutions.
An archaeological strip, map and record exercise on behalf of the Environment Agency was undertaken as part Easington Wetlands Project. The excavations revealed earlier prehistoric activity, probably representing seasonal occupation at times year when intermittently available resources were abundant. This activity is dated by predominantly later Neolithic early Bronze Age flints, two radiocarbon dates pottery. A Romano-British field system that may have had Iron origins also identified....
The elderly have been neglected within bioarchaeological discourse, partly due to limitations in current osteological techniques for identifying older adults. Historical evidence suggests that women the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were often denigrated neglected, but this has yet be fully explored research. This study aims investigate underrepresentation biological social impact of aging on eighteenthandnineteenth century England.
 Archival sources integrated with skeletal from...