A5057635638- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Literacy, Media, and Education
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Teacher Education and Leadership Studies
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- RNA regulation and disease
- Neurological Disorders and Treatments
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
2013-2024
University College London
2013-2024
Bangor University
2024
University of Brighton
2024
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust
2024
University of Manchester
2024
UK Dementia Research Institute
2013-2024
Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust
2024
NIHR Queen Square Dementia Biomedical Research Unit
2021-2024
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2013-2022
Voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies, particularly those directed against leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1, are associated with a common form of limbic encephalitis that presents cognitive impairment and seizures. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures have recently been reported as immunotherapy-responsive, brief, frequent events often predate the this encephalitis. However, these observations were made from retrospective study without serial assessments. Here, we undertook first...
To quantify the regional and global cerebral atrophy rates assess acceleration in healthy controls, subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer disease (AD).Using 0-, 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 36-month MRI scans of controls MCI AD from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, we calculated volume change whole brain, hippocampus, ventricles between all pairs using boundary shift integral.We found no evidence whole-brain any group. There was that hippocampal...
Abnormal eating behaviors are frequently reported in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). The hypothalamus is the regulatory center for feeding and satiety but its involvement bvFTD has not been fully clarified, partly due to difficult identification on MR images. We measured hypothalamic volume 18 patients with (including 9 MAPT 6 C9orf72 mutation carriers) cognitively normal controls using a novel optimized multimodal segmentation protocol, combining 3D T1 T2-weighted 3T...
This study investigates relationships between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology markers, and brain hippocampal volume loss. Subjects included 198 controls, 345 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 154 AD subjects with serial volumetric 1.5-T MRI. CSF Aβ42 total tau were measured (n = 353). Brain loss quantified from MRI using the boundary shift integral (BSI). Multiple linear regression models assessed WMHs atrophy rates....
To investigate whether APOE ε4 carriers have higher hippocampal atrophy rates than non-carriers in Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and controls, if so, are still observed after adjusting for concurrent whole-brain rates.MRI scans from all available visits ADNI (148 AD, 307 MCI, 167 controls) were used. MCI subjects divided into "progressors" (MCI-P) diagnosed with AD within 36 months or "stable" (MCI-S) a diagnosis of was maintained. A joint multi-level mixed-effect...
Age is not only the greatest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) but also a key modifier of presentation and progression. Here, we investigate how longitudinal atrophy patterns vary with age in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) AD. Data comprised serial 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scans from 153 AD, 339 MCI, 191 control subjects. Voxel-wise maps volume change were obtained aligned across Local was then modeled terms diagnostic group an interaction between age, adjusted total...
Abstract Accurate, automated white matter hyperintensity (WMH) segmentations are needed for large-scale studies to understand contributions of WMH neurological diseases. We evaluated Bayesian Model Selection (BaMoS), a hierarchical fully-unsupervised model selection framework segmentation. compared BaMoS semi-automated segmentations, and assessed whether they predicted longitudinal cognitive change in control, early Mild Cognitive Impairment (EMCI), late (LMCI), subjective/significant memory...
Dementia is a growing socioeconomic challenge that requires early intervention. Identifying biomarkers reliably predict clinical progression in the disease process would better aid selection of individuals for future trial participation. Here, we compared ability baseline, single time-point (CSF amyloid 1-42, CSF ptau-181, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cerebral microbleeds, whole-brain volume, and hippocampal volume) to decline cognitively normal who later converted mild cognitive...
In amyloid-positive individuals, disease-related biomarker heterogeneity is understudied.
Abstract Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by predominant visual deficits and parieto‐occipital atrophy, typically associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. In AD, assessment of hippocampal widely used in diagnosis, research, clinical trials; its utility PCA remains unclear. Given the posterior emphasis PCA, we hypothesized that shape measures may give additional group differentiation information compared whole‐hippocampal volume...
Abstract We investigate associations between normal-appearing white matter microstructural integrity in cognitively normal ∼70-year-olds and concurrently measured brain health cognition, demographics, genetics life course cardiovascular health. Participants born the same week March 1946 (British birth cohort) underwent PET-MRI around age 70. Mean standardized metrics (fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, neurite density index orientation dispersion index) were derived from diffusion MRI....
The aim of this study was to assess whether the use accelerated MRI scans in place non-accelerated influenced brain volume and atrophy rate measures controls subjects with mild cognitive impairment Alzheimer's disease. We used data from 861 at baseline, 573 6 months 384 12 Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). calculated whole-brain, ventricular hippocampal rates using k-means boundary shift integral (BSI). Scan quality visually assessed proportion good compared. also compared MMSE scores,...
While the associations of mid-life cardiovascular risk factors with late-life white matter lesions (WMH) and cognitive decline have been established, role cerebral haemodynamics is unclear. We investigated relation (69-71 years) arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI-derived blood flow (CBF) life-course (36-71 hyperintensity load in 282 cognitively healthy participants (52.8% female). Late-life high systolic (B = -0.15) diastolic -0.25) pressure, mean pressure were associated low grey (GM) CBF (p...
Abstract MRI-derived features of presumed cerebral small vessel disease are frequently found in Alzheimer’s disease. Influences such markers on disease-progression measures poorly understood. We measured (white matter hyperintensity volumes; microbleeds) baseline images newly enrolled individuals the Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort (GO and 2) used linear mixed models to relate these subsequent atrophy neuropsychological score change. also assessed heterogeneity white positioning...
<title>Abstract</title> Background Between 25–75% of people with persistent post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) experience cognitive difficulties, compromising functional ability, quality life, and activities daily living, including work. However, despite this significant morbidity, there is a paucity interventions for disorder that have undergone evaluation within formal trial setting. Therefore, we developed rehabilitation programme, specifically designed to address the...
While mid-life cardiovascular pathology may lead to late-life cognitive decline, our understanding of the role cerebrovascular health as an intermediate biomarker is limited. We explored association between biomarkers and cross-sectional longitudinal assessed by ASL MRI in Insight46, a well-characterised cognitively normal population-based sample. found several associations blood pressure CBF. These findings suggest that effects BP on can be imaged with perfusion MRI, possibly offering...
Abstract Background Between 25 and 75% of people with persistent post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) experience cognitive difficulties, compromising functional ability, quality life, activities daily living, including work. Despite this significant morbidity, there is a paucity interventions for disorder that have undergone evaluation within formal trial setting. Therefore, we developed rehabilitation programme, specifically designed to address the symptoms PASC, notably impaired...
Abstract Background Relatively little is known about how white matter hyperintensity (WMH) changes relate to well‐characterised markers of disease progression such as brain atrophy rates in autosomal dominant familial AD (ADAD). Such analyses may improve models and indicate whether WMH accrual are associated features over the course. Methods We investigated Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) cohort. Participants included 72 controls, 95 PSEN1 , 7 PSEN2 27 APP mutation carriers,...
Atrophy rates derived from serial MRIs are used to assess disease progression in Alzheimer's (AD). Understanding factors which influence atrophy is important understanding pathological processes. We previously demonstrated a relationship between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and whole-brain controls. In this study we extended work by investigating: relationships WMH hippocampal - specific marker for AD; whether associations rate were independent of one another; any cerebrospinal fluid...
Hippocampal and whole-brain atrophy rates are important markers in measuring Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression with hippocampal being a specific marker of AD. Ageing white matter hyperintensity (WMH) lesions two factors associated progressive tissue loss the brain. Understanding whether associations age WMH on statistically independent is understanding underlying processes. This study extends previous work by examining relationships using multiple serial scans up to 36 months from...
Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), a variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD), primarily affects posterior regions the brain and is characterised by visuospatial visuoperceptual deficits with relative sparing memory. Previously we found that PCA subjects had significantly smaller hippocampal volumes than controls despite having relatively preserved In this study, investigated shape differences in (n=47), control (n=48), typical AD (tAD) (n=29). addition to describing location surface deformations...
Whole-brain and hippocampal atrophy rate measures are used as outcomes in trials of putative therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since rates may be influenced by vascular risk factors or brain injury, we investigated whether baseline adjustment these characteristics also reduce sample size estimates. Participants the Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) 1 study were included where they had useable 1.5T MRI imaging at year follow-up. Boundary shift integral (BSI) was to assess...
Abnormal eating behaviours such as hyperphagia and craving for sweet foods are frequently reported in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). The hypothalamus is the regulatory centre feeding satiety but its role bvFTD has not been fully clarified, partly due to difficult identification on magnetic resonance images (MRIs). We investigated hypothalamic volume shape a sample of 18 patients (including 9 MAPT mutation carriers 6 C9orf72 expansion carriers) with abnormal behaviour...
Abnormal eating behaviours such as hyperphagia and craving for sweet foods are frequently reported in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). The hypothalamus is the regulatory centre feeding satiety but its role bvFTD has not been fully clarified, partly due to difficult identification on magnetic resonance images (MRIs). Maps of shape difference displayed mean left right hypothalamus. Inwarddeformations patients compared with healthy controls shown cool colours (turquoise...