A5007836718- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Brain Tumor Detection and Classification
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Medical Image Segmentation Techniques
- Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
UK Dementia Research Institute
2015-2025
University College London
2016-2025
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
2014-2025
University of Lausanne
2024
University of Edinburgh
2024
University of Oslo
2024
NIHR Queen Square Dementia Biomedical Research Unit
2021-2024
MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing
2021-2022
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2010-2022
Imperial College London
2022
Total intracranial volume (TIV/ICV) is an important covariate for volumetric analyses of the brain and regions, especially in study neurodegenerative diseases, where it can provide a proxy maximum pre-morbid volume. The gold-standard method manual delineation scans, but this requires careful work by trained operators. We evaluated Statistical Parametric Mapping 12 (SPM12) automated segmentation TIV measurement place also compared with SPM8 FreeSurfer 5.3.0. For T1-weighted MRI acquired from...
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is currently associated with three syndromic variants. Disorders of speech and language figure prominently in two the variants, are left-sided frontotemporal atrophy. The detailed characterization these syndromes contrasts relative paucity information relating to primarily affecting right cerebral hemisphere. objective this study was identify clinical profile asymmetrical, predominantly right-sided, temporal lobe Twenty patients predominant atrophy were...
To investigate the added value of hippocampal atrophy rates over whole brain volume measurements on MRI in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and controls.
Anatomical segmentation of structures interest is critical to quantitative analysis in medical imaging. Several automated multi-atlas based propagation methods that utilise manual delineations from multiple templates appear promising. However, high levels accuracy and reliability are needed for use diagnosis or clinical trials. We propose a new local ranking strategy template selection on the locally normalised cross correlation (LNCC) an extension classical STAPLE algorithm by Warfield et...
BackgroundMidlife hypertension confers increased risk for cognitive impairment in late life. The sensitive period exposure and extent that is mediated through amyloid or vascular-related mechanisms are poorly understood. We aimed to identify if, when, blood pressure change during adulthood were associated with late-life brain structure, pathology, cognition.MethodsParticipants from Insight 46, a neuroscience substudy of the ongoing longitudinal Medical Research Council National Survey Health...
Abstract Introduction Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is now in its 10th year. The primary objective of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) core ADNI has been to improve methods for clinical trials disease (AD) and related disorders. Methods We review contributions MRI from present past cycles (ADNI‐1, ‐Grand Opportunity ‐2). also plans future‐ADNI‐3. Results Contributions include creating standardized acquisition protocols quality control methods; examining effect...
There has been recent interest in the application of machine learning techniques to neuroimaging-based diagnosis. These methods promise fully automated, standard PC-based clinical decisions, unbiased by variable radiological expertise. We recently used support vector machines (SVMs) separate sporadic Alzheimer's disease from normal ageing and fronto-temporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). In this study, we compare results those obtained radiologists. A binary diagnostic classification was made...
Abstract Background An international Delphi panel has defined a harmonized protocol (HarP) for the manual segmentation of hippocampus on MR. The aim this study is to concurrent validity HarP toward local protocols, and its major sources variance. Methods Fourteen tracers segmented 10 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cases scanned at 1.5 T 3T following qualified based through standard web‐platform resegmented HarP. five most accurate followed segment 15 ADNI acquired three...
Abstract Background This study aimed to have international experts converge on a harmonized definition of whole hippocampus boundaries and segmentation procedures, define standard operating procedures for magnetic resonance (MR)‐based manual hippocampal segmentation. Methods The panel received questionnaire regarding procedures. Quantitative information was supplied allow evidence‐based answers. A recursive anonymous Delphi procedure used achieve convergence. Significance agreement among...
To quantify the regional and global cerebral atrophy rates assess acceleration in healthy controls, subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer disease (AD).Using 0-, 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 36-month MRI scans of controls MCI AD from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database, we calculated volume change whole brain, hippocampus, ventricles between all pairs using boundary shift integral.We found no evidence whole-brain any group. There was that hippocampal...
To identify cognitively normal individuals at risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ1-42, and to determine rates cerebral atrophy.Control subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative with CSF serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were dichotomized Aβ1-42 (normal control [NC]-high > 192 pg/ml; NC-low ≤ pg/ml). Baseline 1-year MRIs registered, brain, hippocampal, ventricular volumes annualized volume changes calculated. characteristics,...
In neuroimaging studies, pathologies can present themselves as abnormal intensity patterns. Thus, solutions for detecting intensities are currently under investigation. As each patient is unique, an unbiased and biologically plausible model of pathological data would have to be able adapt the subject's individual presentation. Such a provide means better understanding underlying biological processes improve one's ability define pathologically meaningful imaging biomarkers. With this aim in...
Abstract Introduction Determining the relationship between age and Alzheimer's disease (AD) presentation is important to improve understanding provide better patient services. Methods We used AD data (N = 7815) from National Alzheimer Coordinating Center database multinomial logistic regression investigate first cognitive/behavioral symptoms. Results The odds of having a nonmemory cognitive symptom (including impairment in judgment problem solving, language, visuospatial function) increased...
Abstract Background Rare TREM2 variants are significant risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods We used next generation sequencing of the whole gene (n = 700), exon 2 Sanger 2634), p.R47H genotyping 3518), and genome wide association study imputation 13,048) to determine whether or phenotypic modifiers in patients with AD 1002), frontotemporal dementia 358), sporadic 2500), variant 115) Creutzfeldt‐Jakob (CJD). Results confirm only as a factor (odds ratio OR 2.19; 95% confidence...
Midlife vascular risk burden is associated with late-life dementia. Less known about if and how exposure in early adulthood influences brain health.To determine the associations between adulthood, midlife, late life structure pathology using measures of white matter-hyperintensity volume, β-amyloid load, whole-brain hippocampal volumes.This prospective longitudinal cohort study, Insight 46, part Medical Research Council National Survey Health Development, which commenced 1946. Participants...