Traditional bricks are still the most widely used building material in Madagascar. Bricks made from clay that is fired for weeks open-air kilns (600–750 °C) by using rice husks, peat, charcoal, coal, and wood as fuels. This process contributes significantly to environmental pollution emitting CO2 particles. In addition, intensive use of charcoal partly responsible deforestation taking place on “Red Island”. The development sustainable materials therefore global interest. research provided a...

The study of Comorian red alga Halymenia durvillei showed a significant biochemical composition with high ash and polysaccharide content the presence n-3 n-6 essential fatty acid molecules. Seasonal monitoring real change in depending on harvesting period. On an annual average basis, algae contained 35.59 ± 2.55% dw ashes, 0.7 0.19% soluble proteins, 0.27 0.02% total lipids, 35.09 6.14% polysaccharides. pigment was 130 µg/g R-phycoerythrin, 1.49 chlorophyll a, 0.09 carotenoids. most abundant...

Piptadenia pervillei Vatke (Fabaceae) was selected from a screening programme devoted to the search of naturally-occuring antimalarial compounds plants Madagascar. Bioassay-guided fractionation ethyl acetate extract leaves led isolation four phenolic compounds, (+)-catechin (1), 5-gallate (2), 3-gallate (3) and gallate (4). Structures were determined by NMR mass spectroscopy. Compounds 2 3 displayed highest in vitro activity against chloroquine-resistant strain FcB1 Plasmodium falciparum...

Two new helenanolide sesquiterpene lactones, 1 and 2, as well one known related structure, 11α,13-dihydrohelenalin-[2-(1-hydroxyethyl)acrylate] (3), together with 4'-β-d-O-glucopyranosyl-luteolin ethyl 2,5-dihydroxycinnamate were isolated from an acetate extract of leaves Vernoniopsis caudata potent antiplasmodial activity (IC50 1.6 μg/mL) in a preliminary biological screen. The structures the compounds determined by spectroscopic techniques. three lactones 1−3 displayed strong vitro...

Vector-borne diseases cause around 700,000 deaths every year. Insect repellents are one of the strategies to limit them. Para-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD), a natural compound, is most promising alternatives conventional synthetic repellents. This work describes diastereodivergent method synthesize each diastereoisomer PMD from enantiopure citronellal and studies their repellence activity against Aedes albopictus. We found that cis-PMD kinetic control product cyclization citronellal, while...

Abstract Essential oils of leaf and fruit Pittosporum viridiflorum var. growing in Madagascar were analyzed by GC GC/MS. The oil, which was sesquiterpene-rich, contained δ-cadinene (10.6%) α-cadinol (18.3%) as major components. oil aliphatic well mono- sesquiterpenoid compounds with sabinene (13.2%), decanal (10.3%) β-elemene (9.5%) antimicrobial activity the also determined. Key Word Index: Pittosporaceaeessential compositionδ-cadineneα-cadinolsabinenedecanalantimicrobial

Abstract Mosquito-borne diseases like malaria are a major public health problem in tropical countries, such as Madagascar. Female Anopheles mosquito vectors the human parasites ( Plasmodium spp.) and is important indicator surveillance activities. Among various means of vector control Madagascar, use attractants for mass trapping target species could be an alternative to insecticides. The aim this study evaluate whether 4-hydroxycoumarin can used attractant anthropophilic spp. malaria. For...

Abstract The acetone extract of fresh leaves Pittosporum viridiflorum afforded new sesquiterpene glycosides, 4‐ O ‐β‐ D ‐glucopyranosylgermacra‐1(10),5‐diene and its 6′‐ ‐acetyl 2′‐ derivatives, the structures which were elucidated by NMR methods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This article describes a part of the results obtained from cooperation between University Lyon1 (France) and Antananarivo (Madagascar). It shows (among others) that useful research can be carried out in developing countries tropics if their social, technical, economic conditions are taken into account. The concepts methods associated with so-called "green chemistry" particularly appropriated for this purpose. To illustrate approach, two examples shown. first deals industrial ecology concerns...

Abstract Field-distilled and laboratory distilled leaf oils of Vepris leandriana (Rutaceae) were analyzed by GC GC/MS. The field-distilled oil was found to contain α-terpinene (9.0%), neral (19.5%), geranial (27.0%) citronellol (33.6%), while the laboratory-distilled contained (4.7%), (21.8%), (33.0%) (33.2%). examined for antimicrobial activity. It possess greater activity than chloramphenicol.

Summary Cassava is an abundant and cheap source of starch which largely used to produce sugar dextrin. In this work, Hydrolysis cassava using some active catalysts: poly(4‐vinylpyridine) hydrochloride (PVP, HCl), green clay activated with HCl, Amberlyst 36, Montmorillonite KSF, zeolite HCl were investigated. Temperature, reaction time, concentration catalyst amount the parameters considered during each experience. The precursor HCl) showed be efficient, selective, recyclable gave a high...

Dengue and Zika viruses are identified as the most medically important arthropod-borne viral pathogens. Over past 20 years, global dengue incidence has dramatically increased with epidemics of severe where case fatality rate can reach up to 20% in untreated patients. The association between virus infection congenital anomalies was first reported 2015. Today no specific antiviral therapies available for infections, accentuating need adapted strategies based on medicinal plant drug discovery....

The use of semiochemicals as repellents and attractants has been proposed to complement insecticides used for the control vector mosquito populations. In several studies, optical purities molecules tested have described having little or no effect on repellent activity. However, these observations seem difficult explain because chirality olfactory system insects humans. Thus, purpose this study is assess effects properties 4-alcoxycoumarins against Aedes albopictus Skuse, arboviruses. We...

The performance of a cineole-rich essential oil as an extraction solvent for vegetable was studied. This obtained from Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) St Blake Myrtaceae, commonly called niaouli, invasive plant on the eastern coast Madagascar. whole used without preliminary isolation terpenes. Experimentation carried out with Cucurbita maxima Duchesne Cucurbitaceae seeds. Soxhlet method extraction, and recovery performed by hydrodistillation. Niaouli allowed better yield 39% compared to...

Mosquito-borne diseases still remain one of the major public health concerns in Africa, including Madagascar.The development new repellents has taken an important place for personal protection against mosquito bites to limit spread related such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya and zika.However, difficulties this approach is based on variability human attractiveness mosquitoes due several factors that cause bite frequency each individual be different.The objective article thus study influences...