A5013397908- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Child Development and Digital Technology
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Congenital heart defects research
- Ocular and Laser Science Research
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Corneal surgery and disorders
- Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Action Observation and Synchronization
- Language Development and Disorders
- Cognitive Science and Mapping
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Motor Control and Adaptation
Nottingham Trent University
2014-2024
University of Reading
2017-2023
National Brain Research Centre
2010-2021
University of Cambridge
2004-2020
London South Bank University
2020
Linköping University
2020
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
2020
Autism Research Institute
2020
University of Manchester
2020
Queen's University Belfast
2020
New DNA sequencing technologies deliver data at dramatically lower costs but demand new analytical methods to take full advantage of the very short reads that they produce. We provide an initial, theoretical solution challenge de novo assembly from whole-genome shotgun "microreads." For 11 genomes sizes up 39 Mb, we generated high-quality assemblies 80x coverage by paired 30-base simulated modeled after real Illumina-Solexa reads. The bacterial Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli...
Although communication and social difficulties in autism have received a great deal of research attention, the other key diagnostic feature, extreme repetitive behaviour unusual narrow interests, has been addressed less often. Also known as ‘resistance to change’ this may be related atypical processing infrequent, novel stimuli. This can tested at sensory neural levels. Our aims were (i) examine auditory novelty detection its basis children with spectrum conditions (ASC) (ii) test for brain...
Despite housing ∼18% of the world's population, India does not yet have an estimate prevalence autism. This study was carried out to autism in a selected population school‐children India. N = 11,849 children (mean age 5.9 [ SD 1.3], 39.5% females) were from various school types three boroughs Kolkata, Parents/caregivers and teachers filled social communication disorders checklist (SCDC). Children meeting cutoff on parent‐reported SCDC followed up with questionnaire (SCQ). SCQ‐positive...
Background: In addition to their more clinically evident abnormalities of social cognition, people with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) manifest perturbations attention and sensory perception which may offer insights into the underlying neural abnormalities. Similar autistic traits in ASC relatives without a diagnosis suggest continuity between affected unaffected family members. Methods: We applied fMRI context non‐social task visual order determine whether this persists at level brain...
Absence of communicative speech in autism has been presumed to reflect a fundamental deficit the use language, but at least subpopulation may instead stem from motor and oral issues. Clinical reports disparity between receptive versus expressive / language abilities reinforce this hypothesis. Our early-intervention clinic develops skills prerequisite learning communication, including sitting, attending, pointing or reference, children below 6 years age. In cohort 31 children, gross fine...
A diagnosis of autism typically depends on clinical assessments by highly trained professionals. This high resource demand poses a challenge in low-resource settings. Digital assessment neurodevelopmental symptoms non-specialists provides potential avenue to address this challenge. cross-sectional case-control field study establishes proof principle for such digital assessment. We developed and tested an app, START, that can be administered assess phenotypic domains (social, sensory, motor)...
Empathizing-Systemizing theory posits a continuum of cognitive traits extending from autism into normal variation. Covariance data on empathizing and systemizing have alternately suggested inversely dependent, independent, sex-dependent (one sex the other independent) structures. A total 144 undergraduates (65 men, 79 women) completed Reading Mind in Eyes, Embedded Figures, Benton face recognition tests, Autism Spectrum Quotient, measures digit length ratio field study; some also tests...
This study examined brain electrical responses as a physiological measure of speed and specificity attentional shifting in eight adult males with autism. Subjects were required to shift attention between rapidly flashed targets alternating left right visual hemifields. When separated by less than 700 ms, steady- state response both hemispheres was augmented background EEG decreased for rightward shifts compared leftward shifts. At longer separations, persons autism showed no modulation EEG,...
Autism is a heterogenous condition, encompassing many different subtypes and presentations. Of those people with autism who lack communicative speech, some are more skilled at receptive language than their expressive difficulty might suggest. This disparity between what can be spoken understood correlates motor especially oral abilities, thus may consequence of limits to skill. Point OutWords, tablet-based software targeted for this subgroup, builds on autistic perceptual cognitive strengths...
The concept of a “theory mind” was widely used in developmental and evolutionary psychology neuroscience the wake Premack Woodruff's 1978 article “Does Chimpanzee Have Theory Mind?” Baron-Cohen, Leslie, Frith's 1985 follow-up Autistic Child ‘Theory Mind?’” subsequent confluence cognitive science narrative theory brought to literary critics. Only very small set people, however, have read both neuropsychological texts on mind”; as result this lack interdisciplinary expertise, term has acquired...
Rigorous, quantitative examination of therapeutic techniques anecdotally reported to have been successful in people with autism who lack communicative speech will help guide basic science toward a more complete characterisation the cognitive profile this underserved subpopulation, and show extent which theories results developed high-functioning subpopulation may apply. This study examines novel therapy, "Rapid Prompting Method" (RPM). RPM is parent-developed educational therapy for persons...
Autistic children and adults who are non-verbal/minimally verbal or have an intellectual disability often been excluded from Autism Spectrum Disorder research. Historical, practical theoretical reasons for this exclusion continue to deter some researchers work with underserved population. We discuss why these neither convincing nor ethical, provide strategies dealing issues. As part of a randomised controlled trial intervention profound autism, we reflected as multi-disciplinary team on what...
Anecdotal reports from individuals with autism suggest a loss of awareness to stimuli one modality in the presence another. Here we document such case detailed study A.M., 13-year-old boy whom significant autistic behaviours are combined an uneven IQ profile superior verbal and low performance abilities. Although A.M.'s speech is often unintelligible, his behaviour dominated by motor stereotypies impulsivity, he can communicate typing or pointing independently within letter board. A series...