A5042198798- Health disparities and outcomes
- Memory Processes and Influences
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Employment and Welfare Studies
- Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Global Health Care Issues
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research
- Obesity and Health Practices
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Sleep and related disorders
- Cultural Differences and Values
- Deception detection and forensic psychology
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Empathy and Medical Education
- Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
University of Leicester
2023-2025
Birmingham City University
2015-2023
University of Birmingham
2023
Saarland University
2011-2015
Cardiff University
2009-2010
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have lasting impact on everyday emotional in adulthood, with extant evidence linking ACEs to elevated reactivity. However, findings are typically based reactivity negative daily events (i.e., stressors) and its moderation by cumulative (where individual adversities summed into a total score), which overlooks adversity-specific associations other types of events. We therefore examine as moderators positive Data were drawn from the National Study Daily...
It is widely established that social determinants influence multiple adverse life outcomes such as becoming depressed, living in poverty, and mortality. Although causal beliefs are core to understanding public views on these issues, studies of about causes have occurred parallel literatures with diverging interest methodological approaches. We ask which perceived be causally important, how weighted relative non-social whether this differs for different outcomes. In a pre-registered study,...
It is widely established that social determinants influence multiple adverse life outcomes such as becoming depressed, living in poverty, and mortality. Although causal beliefs are core to understanding public views on these issues, studies of about causes have occurred parallel literatures with diverging interest methodological approaches. We ask which perceived be causally important, how weighted relative non-social whether this differs for different outcomes. In a pre-registered study,...
Abstract Despite considerable focus on predictors of attitudes towards economic inequality, there is less psychological research into other unequal outcomes between the rich and poor, including differences in health life expectancy. Two studies examine whether causal attributions for these socioeconomic inequalities predict them. A cross‐sectional study 332 UK US respondents showed that most indicate a preference some degree income inequality but no expectancy richest poorest society. These...
Normal aging is usually accompanied by greater memory decline for associations than single items. Though associative generally supported recollection, it has been suggested that familiarity can also contribute to when stimuli be unitized and encoded as a entity. Given remains intact during healthy aging, this may one route reducing age-related deficits. The current study investigated differences in under conditions were expected differentially promote unitization, case manipulating the...
Purpose From Adam Smith onwards, gratitude has been held as invaluable to societal functioning in view of its role helping individuals maintain their reciprocal obligations one another. The purpose the current research is use conceptions derived from work social psychology test whether simple descriptions hypothetical organisations could systematically differ extent which they elicit gratitude, and subsequently, would mediate behavioural intentions towards these organisations....
This report examines whether a person's subjective view of their rank relative to others in society-subjective socioeconomic status (SES)-is systematically related views on distal and proximal determinants ill-health. was tested using cross-sectional data from 28,718 respondents 27 countries who took part the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) 2011. Adjusting for age gender as well income education, mixed logistic regression models showed that SES negatively associated with...
Processes engaged when information is encoded into memory are an important determinant of whether that will be recovered subsequently. Also influential, however, processes at the time retrieval, and these were investigated here by using event-related potentials (ERPs) to measure a specific class retrieval operations. These operations revealed contrasts between ERPs elicited new (unstudied) test items in distinct tasks, assumption being index service vary according demands different tasks....
Contrasts between ERPs elicited by new items from tests with distinct episodic retrieval requirements index preretrieval processing. Preretrieval operations are thought to facilitate the recovery of task-relevant information because they have been shown correlate response accuracy in tasks which prioritizing this could be a useful strategy. This claim was tested here contrasting item two tasks, each designed explicitly require different kind mnemonic information. New differed 400 msec...
The enhanced memory performance for items that are tested as compared to being restudied (the testing effect) is a frequently reported phenomenon. According the episodic context account of effect, this beneficial effect related process which reinstates previously learnt information. Few studies have explored neural correlates at time point when takes place, however. In study, we utilized ERP successful encoding address issue, hypothesizing if benefit due retrieval-related processes test then...
NestMC is a new multicompartment neural network simulator currently under development as collaboration between the Simulation Lab Neuroscience at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Barcelona Supercomputing Center and Swiss National Center.NestMC will enable scales classes of morphologically detailed neuronal simulations on current future supercomputing architectures.A number "many-core" architectures such GPU Intel Xeon Phi based systems are available.To optimally use these emerging architecture...
Neural indices of memory formation can be acquired by contrasting activity during study for items that are remembered or forgotten on a subsequent test. These "subsequent memory" effects vary with the stimulus types encoded, how they correspondences between and test materials, time intervals phases. We investigated whether event-related potential (ERP) also content people must retrieve. Participants saw words left/right side fixation, made drawing difficulty pleasantness judgment to each. In...
Abstract Background One underexamined factor in the study of lay views socioeconomic health inequalities is occupation-related health. Examining by occupational social class has a long history UK but been comparatively overlooked US public literatures, where relationship between and work attended more to hazard exposure. Methods Representative samples indicated perceived ideal lifespan people working “higher managerial/professional” “routine” occupations. We examine perceptions inequality...
Abstract Background Social disadvantage consistently predicts both self-reported distress and clinically diagnosed disorders such as depression. Yet, many individuals who are exposed to do not report high levels of distress. This study extends our recent work showing that cognitive ability may protect against the negative health consequences exposure disadvantaged backgrounds. We test whether this ‘buffer effect’ exists across relevant indices mental in a population-representative sample....
Abstract Studies of aversion to health inequality have found that this is often greater when outcomes are presented as varying with socioeconomic conditions. We sought understand better why by studying the cognitive appraisals made about distinct explanatory framings. Across two pre‐registered studies ( N = 1321), UK and US participants judged acceptability life expectancy differences attributed framings: income, education, social class, neighborhood, lifestyle choices, genetics. Health was...
Objective: Individual differences in childhood cognitive ability have been neglected the study of how early life psychosocial factors may buffer long-term health consequences social disadvantage.In this study, we drew on rich data from two large British cohorts to test whether high levels protect children experiencing physical and mental socioeconomic disadvantage.Methods: Participants 1970 Cohort Study (BCS; N = 11,522) were followed birth age 42 those 1958 National Child Development (NCDS;...