A5004923550- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Plant and animal studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Lepidoptera: Biology and Taxonomy
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology
- Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2016-2025
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research
2021
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
2021
Friedrich Schiller University Jena
2021
University of Reading
2021
University College London
2018-2019
Natural Environment Research Council
2012-2016
HR Wallingford
2009-2015
Zoological Society of London
2003-2011
Imperial College London
2002-2005
Conservation priority setting based on phylogenetic diversity has frequently been proposed but rarely implemented. Here, we define a simple index that measures the contribution made by different species to and show how might contribute towards species-based conservation priorities. We describe procedures control for missing species, incomplete resolution uncertainty in node ages make it possible apply method poorly known clades. also is independent of clade size phylogenies more than 100...
Abstract Pollination is a critical ecosystem service underpinning the productivity of agricultural systems across world. Wild insect populations provide substantial contribution to many crops and seed set wild flowers. However, large-scale evidence on species-specific trends among pollinators are lacking. Here we show inter-specific variation in pollinator trends, based occupancy models for 353 bee hoverfly species Great Britain between 1980 2013. Furthermore, estimate net loss over 2.7...
Summary Policy‐makers increasingly demand robust measures of biodiversity change over short time periods. Long‐term monitoring schemes provide high‐quality data, often on an annual basis, but are taxonomically and geographically restricted. By contrast, opportunistic biological records relatively unstructured vast in quantity. Recently, these data have been applied to elaborate science policy questions, using a range methods. At present, we lack firm understanding which methods, if any,...
Abstract Wild bee declines have been ascribed in part to neonicotinoid insecticides. While short-term laboratory studies on commercially bred species (principally honeybees and bumblebees) identified sub-lethal effects, there is no strong evidence linking these insecticides losses of the majority wild species. We relate 18 years UK national distribution data for 62 amounts use oilseed rape. Using a multi-species dynamic Bayesian occupancy analysis, we find increased population extinction...
Abstract The composition of species communities is changing rapidly through drivers such as habitat loss and climate change, with potentially serious consequences for the resilience ecosystem functions on which humans depend. To assess changes in resilience, we analyse trends frequency Great Britain that provide key functions—specifically decomposition, carbon sequestration, pollination, pest control cultural values. For 4,424 over four decades, there have been significant net declines among...
Biological recording is in essence a very simple concept which record the report of species at physical location certain time. The collation these records into dataset powerful approach to addressing large-scale questions about biodiversity change. Records are collected by volunteers times and places that suit them, leading variety biases: uneven sampling over space time, effort per visit detectability. These need be controlled for statistical analyses use biological records. In particular,...
1. We present a statistical analysis of the scaling resting (basal) metabolic rate, BMR, with body mass, B(m) and temperature, T(b), in mammals. 2. Whilst majority variance ln BMR is explained by B(m), T(b) term statistically significant. The best fit model was quadratic, indicating that varies size; value any exponent estimated for sample mammals will therefore depend on size distribution species study. This effect can account much variation exponents reported literature 3. In all models,...
Abstract Aim Invasive alien species (IAS) are recognized as major drivers of biodiversity loss, but few causal relationships between IAS and declines have been documented. In this study, we compare the distribution (Belgium Britain) abundance (Belgium, Britain Switzerland) formerly common widespread native ladybirds before after arrival Harmonia axyridis , a globally rapidly expanding IAS. Location Europe Methods We used generalized linear mixed‐effects models (GLMMs) to assess trends eight...
In 2003, 24 presence-absence β-diversity metrics were reviewed and a number of trade-offs redundancies identified. We present parallel investigation into the performance abundance-based β-diversity. is multi-faceted concept, central to spatial ecology. There are multiple available quantify it: choice metric an important decision. test 16 conceptual properties two sampling metric: should be 1) independent α-diversity 2) cumulative along gradient species turnover. Similarity 3) probabilistic...
Abstract The Anthropocene is characterized by unparalleled human impact on other species, potentially ushering in the sixth mass extinction. Yet mitigation efforts remain hampered limited information spatial patterns and intensity of threats driving global biodiversity loss. Here we use expert-derived from International Union for Conservation Nature Red List to 23,271 representing all terrestrial amphibians, birds mammals, generate maps six major these groups: agriculture, hunting trapping,...
The conservation of evolutionary history has been linked to increased benefits for humanity and can be captured by phylogenetic diversity (PD). Evolutionarily Distinct Globally Endangered (EDGE) metric has, since 2007, used prioritise threatened species practical that embody large amounts history. While there have important research advances they not adopted in practice because a lack consensus the community. Here, building from an interdisciplinary workshop update existing EDGE approach, we...
It is well established that different species vary in their vulnerability to extinction risk and biology can underpin much of this variation. By contrast, very little known about how the same responds threat processes. The purpose paper therefore twofold: examine extent which a species' types might covary explore biological traits are associated with threat-specific responses. We use an objective quantitative measure local show population decline primates varies substantially among between...
Day range (daily distance traveled) is an important measure for understanding relationships between animal distributions and food resources. However, our of variation in day across species limited. Here we present a model compare predictions against comprehensive analysis mammalian range. As found previous studies, scales near the $$1/ 4$$ power body mass. Also, consistent with predictions, taxonomic groups differ way mass, associated most common diet types foraging habitats. Faunivores have...
Abstract International conservation NGOs rely on flagship species campaigns for fundraising but this approach has been criticized benefiting a limited number of species. However, criticism assumes these do not fundraise broader issues and that alternative with similar appeal to the target audience exist. We investigated by: (1) recording use threatened mammal in international NGO campaigns, and; (2) using data identify “Cinderella species,” which we define as aesthetically appealing...
The metabolic theory of ecology links physiology with ecology, and successfully predicts many allometric scaling relationships. In recent years, proponents critics have debated vigorously about the rate. We show that controversy arose, in part, because researchers examined mean exponent separately from variance. estimate both quantities simultaneously using linear mixed-effects models data 1242 animal species. Metabolic rate converges on predicted value 3/4 but is highly heterogeneous: 50%...
Summary The power‐law dependence of metabolic rate on body mass has major implications at every level ecological organization. However, the overwhelming majority studies examining this relationship have used basal or resting rates, and/or data consisting species‐averaged masses and rates. Field rates are more ecologically relevant probably directly subject to natural selection than Individual might be important species‐average in determining outcome interactions, hence selection. We here...