In this research, an integrated detection model, Swin-transformer-YOLOv5 or Swin-T-YOLOv5, was proposed for real-time wine grape bunch to inherit the advantages from both YOLOv5 and Swin-transformer. The research conducted on two different varieties of Chardonnay (always white berry skin) Merlot (white white-red mix skin when immature; red matured) July September in 2019. To verify superiority its performance compared against several commonly used/competitive object detectors, including...

Real-time detection of fruits in orchard environments is one crucial techniques for many precision agriculture applications, including yield estimation and automatic harvesting. Due to the complex conditions, such as different growth periods occlusion among leaves fruits, detecting natural a considerable challenge. A rapid citrus recognition method by improving state-of-the-art You Only Look Once version 4 (YOLOv4) detector proposed this paper. Kinect V2 camera was used collect RGB images...

Coded distributed computing (CDC) is a powerful approach to reduce the communication overhead in frameworks by utilizing coding techniques. In this paper, we focus on CDC problem (H,L)-combination networks, where H APs act as intermediate pivots and K=HL workers are connected different subsets of L APs. Each worker processes subset input file computes values (IVs) locally, which then exchanged via uplink downlink transmissions through AP station ensure that all compute their assigned output...

The accuracy detection of individual citrus fruits in a orchard environments is one the key steps realizing precision agriculture applications such as yield estimation, fruit thinning, and mechanical harvesting. This study proposes an improved object YOLOv5 model to achieve accurate identification counting environment. First, latest visual attention mechanism coordinated module (CA) was inserted into backbone network focus on fruit-dense regions recognize small target fruits. Second,...

The extraction and analysis of plant phenotypic characteristics are critical issues for many precision agriculture applications. An improved YOLOv5 model was proposed in this study accurate node detection internode length estimation crops by using an end-to-end approach. In YOLOv5, a feature module added front each head, the bounding box loss function used original network replaced SIoU function. results experiments on three different (chili, eggplant, tomato) showed that reached 90.5% AP...

A venation skeleton‐driven method for modeling and animating plant leaf wilting is presented. The proposed includes five principal processes. Firstly, a three‐dimensional skeleton constructed from image, the further used to generate detailed mesh surface. Then generated interactively skeleton. Each vein in consists of segmented vertices string. Thirdly, each vertex banded nearest We then deform by controlling movement rotating it around fixed vector. Finally, mapped deformed skeleton, as...

Much work has been done on the morphologic modeling and visualization of leaves. Leaf is one most important organs a plant, so leaf color texture are not only external characteristics, but also expressions plant's intrinsic physiology growth state, since they have close relationship with physiological status. Growth, age, maturity, relative turgidity satisfaction nutritive elements can be reflected by texture. Therefore, there significance in plant color. This paper attempts to provide...

The leaf is the organ that crucial for photosynthesis and production of nutrients in plants; as such, number leaves one key indicators with which to describe development growth a canopy. irregular shape distribution blades, well effect natural light, make segmentation detection process blades difficult. inaccurate acquisition plant phenotypic parameters may affect subsequent judgment crop status yield. To address challenge counting dense overlapped under environments, we proposed an improved...

Plant photosynthesis and biomass production are associated with the amount of intercepted light, especially light distribution inside canopy. Three virtual canopies (n = 80, 3.25 plants/m2) were constructed based on average leaf size digitized plant structures: ‘small leaf’ (98.1 cm2), ‘medium (163.0 cm2) ‘big (241.6 cm2). The ratios diffuse set in three gradients (27.8%, 48.7%, 89.6%). simulations interception conducted under different before after normalization incident radiation. With...

Venation and contour of plant leaves are significant for many agronomic applications, such as the identification species, exploration genetic relationship among plants 3D shape reconstruction leaves. This paper presents a method extracting leaf vein from point cloud data. Firstly, veins were extracted by using curvature information cloud, then mesh model was constructed also algorithm. The final can be obtained after process combined fitting repairing to above edges. experimental results...

A variety of models for plant leaf morphogenesis have been reported,but none them can be generated with great accuracy or level detail.In this paper B-spline curve is used to describe the silhouette and midvein leaf,and blade surface meshed Delaunay triangulation.Then an adaptive refinement scheme introduced smooth triangular mesh.This may provide a common method describing morphology blade.B-spline curves which pass through control points gives intuitive mechanism model wide usage...

This paper presents a fast and efficient method for modeling the flowering rape (Brassica napus L.). Based on analysis observation of morphological structure rape, Ball B-splines based has been used shape organs, with use template technology to describe local detail features augment realistic effects, several principal control parameters explicit biological background these geometric models organs were extracted. The proposed methods 3D simulating could be integrated easily agricultural...