A5046497882- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Immune cells in cancer
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Connexins and lens biology
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Sleep and related disorders
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2018-2025
Johns Hopkins University
2018-2025
Johns Hopkins Hospital
2024
Northeastern University
2024
Drexel University
2011-2015
Howard University
2005
Abstract Astrocytes are known to be critical regulators of neuronal function. However, relatively few mediators astrocyte neuron communication have been identified. Recent advancements in the biology extracellular vesicles begun implicate derived (ADEV) as communication, suggesting that alterations release and/or composition ADEVs could influence gliotransmission. TNFα and IL-1β key glial activation damage, but effects these cytokines on or molecular is unknown. We found released response...
Connexin 43 (Cx43) gap junctions and hemichannels mediate astrocyte intercellular communication in the central nervous system under normal conditions contribute to astrocyte-mediated neurotoxicity amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we show that astrocyte-specific knockout of Cx43 a mouse model ALS slows disease progression both spatially temporally, provides motor neuron (MN) protection, improves survival. In addition, expression is up-regulated human postmortem tissue cerebrospinal...
Introduction The phenotypic expression of mental health (MH) conditions among people with HIV (PWH) in Uganda and worldwide are heterogeneous. Accordingly, there has been a shift toward identifying MH phenotypes using data-driven methods capable novel insights into mechanisms divergent PWH. We leverage the analytic strengths machine learning combined inferential to identify PWH underlying explanatory features. Methods A total 277 (46% female, median age = 44; 93% virally suppressed...
There is a wide variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that differ in size and cargo composition. EVs isolated from human plasma or serum carry lipid, protein, RNA provides insights to the regulation normal physiological processes, pathological states. Specific populations have been proposed contain protein are biomarkers for neurologic systemic diseases. Although there considerable amount evidence circulating lipids multiple disease states, it not clear if these lipid enriched EVs,...
Abstract Schwann cell (SC)‐specific monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) knockout mice were generated by mating MCT1 f/f with myelin protein zero (P0)‐Cre mice. P0‐Cre +/− , have no detectable early developmental defects, but develop hypomyelination and reduced conduction velocity in sensory, not motor, peripheral nerves during maturation aging. Furthermore, mechanical sensitivity is evident aged deletion SCs impairs both their glycolytic mitochondrial functions, leading to altered lipid...
Cognitive disorders are prevalent in people with HIV (PWH) despite antiretroviral therapy. Given the heterogeneity of cognitive PWH current era and evidence that these have different etiologies risk factors, scientific rationale is growing for using data-driven models to identify biologically defined subtypes (biotypes) disorders. Here, we discuss state science machine learning understand phenotypes their associated comorbidities, biological mechanisms, factors. We also methods, example...
Abstract The ability to generate human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neural cells displaying region-specific phenotypes is of particular interest for modeling central nervous system biology in vitro. We describe a unique method by which spinal cord hiPSC-derived astrocytes (hiPSC-A) are cultured with motor neurons (hiPSC-MN) multielectrode array (MEA) record electrophysiological activity over time. show that hiPSC-A enhance hiPSC-MN maturation time-dependent fashion. sequence...
Abstract Chronic inflammation is thought to contribute the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, precise mechanism by which inflammatory cytokines promote formation and deposition Aβ remains unclear. Available data suggest that applications onto isolated neurons do not Aβ, suggesting an indirect action. Based on evidence astrocyte derived extracellular vesicles (astrocyte EVs) regulate neuronal functions, can modify molecular cargo EVs, we sought determine if IL‐1β...
Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy, mild cognitive deficits persist nearly half of people with HIV (PWH). The profile impairment is highly variable observed a range domains. evidence greater among women (WWH) vs. men (MWH), it unclear how MWH and WWH differ the type risk factors associated profiles. In large well-characterized sample PWH, we used machine learning to identify profiles functioning their overall within sex. Participants included 1,666 PWH (201 WWH; 1,465 MMH) from...
Cognitive impairment remains frequent and heterogeneous in presentation severity among virally suppressed (VS) women with HIV (WWH). We identified cognitive profiles 929 VS-WWH 717 HIV-uninfected from 11 Women's Interagency Study sites at their first neuropsychological (NP) test battery completion comprised of: Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Trail Making, Symbol Digit Modalities, Grooved Pegboard, Stroop, Letter/Animal Fluency, Letter-Number Sequencing. Using 17 NP performance metrics...
The presentation of cognitive impairments in HIV-infected individuals has transformed since the introduction antiretroviral therapies. Although overall prevalence not changed considerably, frank dementia is now infrequent, and milder forms predominate. Mechanistic insights to underlying causes these residual have been elusive, part due heterogenous etiology dysfunction this population. Here, we sought categorize longitudinal change patients based on performance specific domains.
Despite effective HIV suppression, neuroinflammation and neurocognitive issues are prevalent in people with (PWH) yet poorly understood. infection alters the human virome, virome perturbations have been linked to without HIV. Once thought be sterile, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hosts a recently discovered presenting an unexplored avenue for understanding brain mental health PWH. This cross-sectional study analyzed 85 CSF samples (74 from PWH on suppressive antiretroviral therapy, 11 controls...
<title>Abstract</title> In the Women’s Interagency HIV Study, we examined association between objective cognitive test performance and self-rated Lawton Brody scale of Independent Activities Daily Living (IADL) in 754 older (50+) women with (WWH; 84% virally suppressed). To handle this longitudinal data, weighted logistic mixed effect models associations domain (predictor) functional outcomes (IADL item level scores). total sample, poorer motor was associated impairments <italic>home...
Abstract Neuropsychiatric complications such as neurocognitive impairment and depression are common in people with HIV despite viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy, but these conditions heterogeneous their clinical presentations associated disability. Identifying novel biopsychosocial phenotypes that account for performance depressive functional symptoms will better reflect the complexities encountered practice may have pathological therapeutic implications. We classified 1580 based...
Abstract Background Monocytes are susceptible to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, form HIV reservoirs, and contribute central nervous system complications (eg, cognitive impairment) in virally suppressed women with (vsWWH). However, it remains unknown if the quality and/or quantity of monocyte reservoir contributes cognition vsWWH. Methods Sixty-two vsWWH (mean age = 56.1 years, SD 7.1; 93% Black, non-Hispanic; all RNA &lt;250 copies/mL) completed a test battery, blood draw,...
Objectives: Virally-suppressed people with HIV (VS-PWH) show heterogeneity in patterns of cognitive dysfunction. To better understand the relationship between neuroimmune response and cognition, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to image translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO). The study examined HIV-serostatus differences TSPO as well associations regional select processes defined using Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework. Design: Cross-sectional investigation VS-PWH (n = 25)...
Immunologic function is an important determinant of cognition. Here we examined the contribution early immune signatures to cognitive performance among HIV-infected, virally suppressed women (HIV+VS) and in HIV-uninfected (HIV-) women. Specifically, measured serum inflammatory markers, developed combinatory signatures, evaluated their associations with Forty-nine HIV+VS Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) who achieved viral suppression shortly after effective antiretroviral therapy (ART)...
Objective: Neuroimmune activation is a putative driver of cognitive impairment in people with HIV (PWH), even the age modern antiretroviral therapy. Nevertheless, imaging microglial marker, 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), positron emission tomography (PET) treated PWH has yielded inconclusive findings. One potential reason for varied TSPO results lack cell-type specificity target. Design: [ 11 C]CPPC, 5-cyano- N -(4-(4-[ C]methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl)...