A5035328820- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
CDC Foundation
2024
Florida State University
2018-2023
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2012-2022
National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention
2010-2021
University of Pittsburgh
2011-2016
Pennington Biomedical Research Center
2001-2012
Louisiana State University
1997-2012
Louisiana State University System
2005-2012
University of Pennsylvania
2008
Baton Rouge Clinic
2008
Antigen-based tests for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are inexpensive and can return results within 15 minutes (1). Antigen have received Food Drug Administration (FDA) Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) use in asymptomatic symptomatic persons first 5-12 days after symptom onset (2). These been used at U.S. colleges universities other congregate settings (e.g., nursing homes correctional detention facilities), where serial testing of might facilitate...
The overriding of satiety and homeostatic control mechanisms by cognitive, rewarding, emotional aspects palatable foods may contribute to the evolving obesity crisis, but little is known about neural pathways responsible for crosstalk between “cognitive” “metabolic” brain in appetite. Here we show that connections nucleus accumbens hypothalamus might be part this link. Using well model selective stimulation high-fat intake induced intra-accumbens injection μ-opioid receptor agonist d -Ala2-...
Metabolic, cognitive, and environmental factors processed in the forebrain modulate food intake by changing potency of direct controls meal ingestion brain stem. Here, we behaviorally anatomically test role hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) system mediating some these descending, indirect controls. Melanotan II (MTII), a stable melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) 3 (MC3R) agonist injected into fourth ventricle near dorsal vagal complex, potently inhibited 14-h decreasing size but not...
Gastric bypass surgery efficiently and lastingly reduces excess body weight reverses type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Although increased energy expenditure may also play a role, decreased intake is thought to be the main reason for loss, but mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Therefore, aim of this study was characterize changes ingestive behavior rat model Roux-en-Y gastric (RYGB). Obese (24% fat compared with 18% chow-fed controls), male Sprague-Dawley rats maintained 15 wk...
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity and remission of associated type 2 diabetes, but mechanisms involved are poorly understood. The aim present study was to develop validate a rat model RYGB that allows repeated measurement meal-induced changes in gut pancreatic hormones via chronic venous catheters. Male Sprague Dawley rats made obese on palatable high-fat diet were subjected or sham compared with chow-fed, lean controls. Hormonal...
XMRV, a xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV)-related virus, was recently identified by PCR testing in 67% of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and 3.7% healthy from the United States. To investigate association XMRV CFS we tested blood specimens 51 56 US for evidence infection using serologic molecular assays. Blinded were performed at Centers Disease Control Prevention (CDC) two additional laboratories.Archived defined 1994 international research case definition matched...
Abstract Background Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is very effective in reducing excess body weight and improving glucose homeostasis obese subjects. Changes the pattern of gut hormone secretion are thought to play a major role, but mechanisms leading both changed beneficial effects remain unclear. Specifically, it not clear whether changes number hormone‐secreting enteroendocrine cells, or releasing stimuli, both, important. Methods We estimated numbers cells after...
Leukemia and lymphoma account for more than 60% of deaths in captive koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus ) northeastern Australia. Although the endogenizing gammaretrovirus koala endogenous retrovirus (KoRV) was isolated from these koalas, KoRV has not been definitively associated with leukemogenesis. We performed screening San Diego Zoo, maintained 45 y very limited outbreeding, Los Angeles by continuously assimilating captive-born Australian koalas. Zoo are currently free malignant neoplasias...
Orexin-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus project throughout neuraxis and are involved regulation of sleep/wake cycle, food intake, autonomic functions. Here we specifically analyze anatomical organization orexin projections to dorsal vagal complex (DVC) raphé pallidus effects on ingestive behavior functions local orexin-A administration nonanesthetized rats. Retrograde tracing experiments revealed that as many 20% hypothalamic DVC, where they form straight varicose axon profiles, some...
Corticolimbic circuits involving the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and ventral striatum determine reward value of food might play a role in environmentally induced obesity. Chemical manipulation nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) has been shown to elicit robust feeding Fos expression hypothalamus other brain areas satiated rats. To neurochemical phenotype hypothalamic neurons receiving input from AcbSh, we carried out c-Fos/peptide double-labeling immunohistochemistry various known contain...
The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) integrates visceral sensory signals with information from the forebrain to control homeostatic functions, including food intake. Melanocortin 3/4 receptor (MC3/4R) ligands administered directly caudal brainstem powerfully modulate meal size but not frequency, suggesting enhancement of satiety signals. Using whole-cell recordings rat slices, we examined effects melanocortin ligands, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) and melanotan II (MTII),...
Previous reports indicate that caloric restriction attenuates anxiety and other behavioral responses to acute stress, blunts the ability of stress increase anterior pituitary release adrenocorticotropic hormone. Since hindbrain glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) neurons noradrenergic prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) participate in endocrine responses, are sensitive metabolic state, we examined whether overnight food deprivation stress-induced recruitment these their downstream hypothalamic...
Abstract Background Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) and antigen tests are important diagnostics for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Sensitivity of has been shown to be lower than that rRT-PCR; however, data evaluate epidemiologic characteristics affect test performance limited. Methods Paired mid-turbinate nasal swabs were collected from university students staff tested SARS-CoV-2 using both Quidel Sofia SARS Antigen...