To investigate the prevalence of occult spinal dysraphism (OSD) and subsequent neurosurgery in pediatric patients with isolated or combined dorsal midline cutaneous stigmata without other congenital malformations.We carried out a retrospective review who underwent sonography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for OSD because suspicion (presumed to be marker OSD) between January 2012 June 2017. Information about patient characteristics, physical examination findings, ultrasound MRI results,...

Background Epidemiologic clinical studies suggested that chronic exposure to chlorine products is associated with development of asthma and aggravation asthmatic symptoms. However, its underlying mechanism was not clearly understood. Studies were undertaken define the effects mechanisms low-dose in pathogenesis airway inflammation hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Methods Six week-old female BALB/c mice sensitized challenged OVA presence absence low dose naturally vaporized gas 5% sodium...

Purpose: One serious ocular side effect associated with the long-term use of topical brimonidine tartrate is anterior uveitis. This study investigated changes in levels several inflammatory cytokines, B cells, and T cells rat eyes treated tartrate. Methods: Twenty Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 2 groups 10 each. In group, 3 times per day for months. The cytokine multiplex method was used to determine cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha...

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a commonly diagnosed disease that has significant impact on child's quality of life. However, no useful biomarker available to identify antibiotic-responsive CRS. We determined the significance eosinophil-related markers and total IgE levels in childhood CRS with regard antibiotic response.This was case-control study patients admitted Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital between November 2010 2011 CRS.In this analytical cross-sectional study, we identified children...

This study was performed to investigate differences between children who did and not experience peer rejection in psychological state through surveys emotion processing during an interpersonal stress challenge task reflect naturalistic face-toface relationships.A total of 20 right-handed children, 10 12 yr age, completed selfrating questionnaires inquiring about school, depression, anxiety.They then underwent simulating conditions emotional stress, reaction positive, negative neutral facial...

The prevalence of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) has increased since the recommendation positioning infants to their back during sleeping and is affected by various biological environmental factors. This study aimed investigate associations between DP perinatal or infant characteristics, including obesity. case-control included 135 (81 males) aged 2–12 months who were diagnosed with using calculated cranial vault asymmetric index age- sex-matched controls. Motor development was evaluated...

Little is known about the prevalence and phenotype of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or spectrum disorders (FASD) in Korea. This study was performed to describe distribution alcohol‐related physical features a genetically homogeneous sample children adolescents institutional settings Children receiving services one seven institutions Seoul, Korea were screened for growth deficiency. Those who positive assessed using structured protocol key cardinal FAS, 11 additional dysmorphologic features....

Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether some associations between histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) and favorable neonatal outcomes might be linked those antenatal steroids (AS) by determining the separate as well combined HCA AS with in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs). Methods This a population-based VLBWIs born at 20–33 weeks’ gestation January 2013 December 2015 from Korean Neonatal Network. A total 4652 were enrolled for prevalence study. Of these, 2900...

Abstract Background Peripheral blood eosinophilia is identified in numerous medical conditions associated with allergic, infectious, and inflammatory processes mostly as reactive or without tissue eosinophilia. In hospitalized neonates, common an inverse relationship gestational age occurs solely mild the majority of cases. literature, has been proposed a possible risk factor for venous thromboembolism. However, few reports are found on thromboembolic events including portal vein thrombosis...

Congenital syphilis (CS) can manifest as a variety of clinical presentations according to the severity in symptomatic infants during neonatal period. Preterm neonates with CS may have more evidences infection and be severely affected by compared term ones. With increasing survival markedly premature for recent decades, challenging problem those severe manifestations associated combined pathophysiologies prematurity.A very low birth weight infant at 32 weeks gestation presented an unusual...

수문기상학적으로 시간단위의 시계열 자료는 홍수 통제 시스템이나, 중소유역의 기후변화를 평가하는데 필수적이다. 그러나 일반적으로 수문기상학적 분석에 적용되어지고 있는 일 단위의 자료이다. 그러므로 보다 정확한 분석을 위해서는 자료를 자료로 시간적 상세화 하는 것이 전적으로 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 유전 알고리즘과 비모수통계적 시뮬레이션을 결합한 모델을 적용하였다. 적용된 모델의 타당성을 입증하기 위하여 남한에 위치한 부산-경남지역내 관측 지점들의 과거자료가 적용되었다. 결과는 모델이 과거 강수량 자료의 주요 통계적인 값들(평균, 표준편차, 왜곡도, Lag-1의 상관관계, 최대값)을 잘 보존하였음을 보여주었다. 또한 부산 경남 지방의 RCP4.5와 RCP8.5 기후변화 시나리오에 적용 분석한 결과 부산-경남의 RCP 4.5와 8.5 시나리오의 평균은 크게 증가하였고 표준편차와 최대치 다소 증가 하였다. 값들의 증가량은 4.5보다 8.5에서 더 나타났다. 결론적으로...

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) remains a principal pathogen causing neonatal sepsis and meningitis, particularly in premature infants with relatively insufficient immunity. Recurrence may occur uncommonly, largely associated subclinical mucosal persistence or repetitive exposure to exogenous sources. White matter injury (WMI) including cystic periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) has been intrauterine infection/inflammation, infection as more significant predictor postnatal recurrent infection,...

Taekwondo is a martial art form and sport that uses the hands foot for attack defense. basic motion composed of breaking, competition poomsea motion. In side kick among motion, impact force larger than other kinds kicks. The with front can be made in two steps. first step, stretched forward from back stance free-fighting position. For second rear followed simultaneously. Then, executed while entire body weight rests on foot. this paper, analysis human model hitting posture carried out....

Purpose We aimed to analyze the correlations between Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID)-III and Korean Developmental Screening Test (K-DST) in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW; birth weight <1,500 g) preterm infants. Methods enrolled 53 VLBW infants (mean gestational age, 28.9±2.11 weeks; mean weight, 1,158.5±241.1 assessed them using BSID-III K-DST at a corrected age 18 24 months. analyzed subdomains evaluated whether estimated developmental levels were consistent with ages. Results In...

In this prospective cohort study, we investigated the association between fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in meconium as biomarkers of prenatal ethanol exposure and growth deficits, birth outcomes, that constitute several key cardinal features fetal alcohol syndrome.A total 157 samples were collected from enrolled infants within 24 hours birth, nine FAEEs quantified using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The relationships cumulative concentrations species parameters...

최근에 기후변화로 인해 극치호우사상들이 증가하고 있으며 이는 토지이용의 증가와 더불어 심각한 홍수를 야기 시키고 있다. 이에 따라 생명과 재산의 안전을 담보하기 위해 건설되는 댐 및 제방 등의 수리구조물에 대한 적절한 설계홍수량의 산정이 매우 중요한 부분으로 평가되고 본 연구에서는 기상수문에 미치는 기후변화의 영향을 고려해서 남강댐 유역의 홍수량을 재산정하였다. 이를 위해서 시간강우로 상세화 시킨 RCP 4.5와 8.5의 기후변화 시나리오를 사용하였다. 현재 설계 빈도 값인 200년 빈도와 최대홍수량(PMF)인 10,000년 빈도의 홍수량에 초점을 맞춰 기후변화를 반영한 시나리오 값이 현재만을 고려한 값보다 현저히 큰 값을 보여주고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 특히 8.5값에서 가장 연구결과는 남강댐지역의 안정성이 기후변화에 취약하다는 것을 보여 주었으며 향후 하류지역인 사천만의 피해를 감소시키는 방안을 함께 고려하여 대책이 마련되어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is due to the entry of fetal blood into maternal circulation. Although very rare, FMH complicates pregnancies, presents with severe symptoms, and leads death. Majority cases are idiopathic difficult diagnose. The known used diagnostic tests Kleihauer-Betke Test (KBT) flow cytometry, which can detect hemoglobin in blood. However, such methods have limited use because low sensitivity, labor-intensive error-susceptible procedures, poor reproducibility, tendency...

위험 자체는 물리적이고 실질적인 사건에서 시작하지만, 위험에 대한 개인의 반응은 위험의 질적 특성에 주관적 심리와 사회적 상호작용을 통해 구성된다. 이러한 이유로 동일한 사안에 대해서도 상반된 인식이 나타난다. 경향은 특히 전문가와 일반인 사이에서 두드러지는데, 전문가들이 제한된 기술적 영역에서 합리성에 기반하여 위험을 인식하는 것과 달리 일반인들은 문화적 합리성을 기반으로 인식한다. 이 연구는 일반인의 인식 차에 기반하여, 상호지향성 모델을 연구 틀로 충남지역 미세먼지 문제에 대해 지역주민 간에 의미의 차이와 공유가 어떻게 일어나는지 파악하고, 이를 토대로 커뮤니케이션 전략을 제안해 보고자 하였다. 결과, 첫째, 인식과 취약성 인식, 중국발 미세먼지, 대형 사업장 관리, 과학적 관리 기반 구축, 및 전문가 신뢰에 인식에서 의견이 일치하지 않음에도 불구하고, 정확도가 낮아 의견 일치가 있다고 믿는 ‘가짜 합의’가 나타나고 있었다. 둘째, 전문가들은 현황, 발생 원인, 해결...

오늘날 우리가 경험하는 미세먼지와 같은 위험들은 존재론적 보편성을 띠지만 인식론적 특수성으로 인해 동일한 위험에 대해서도 상이한 위험 인식이 나타난다. 이는 위험과 연관된 다양한 공중들에 의해 위험이 정의됨을 의미한다. 이러한 상황에서 뉴스 미디어는 대한 과학 정보와 특성, 의견들을 대중들이 접할 수 있도록 매개하는 핵심적인 역할을 담당한다. 그러나 뉴스가 위험을 표상하는 과정에서 항상 긍정적인 역할만 수행하는 것은 아니다. 그 속성 상 대중들의 관심을 끌 있는 사회적 파급력이 큰 사건을 강력하고 자극적으로 보도하려는 경향이 있으며, 위험의 특정 부분을 과장하고 나머지 생략함으로써 선택적이며 편향된 정보를 전달하려는 특히, 원인이 불확실하고 영향이 크게 나타날 경우 더 두드러지게 의제설정이론과 프레이밍이론을 토대로 내용분석을 통해 충남지역 미세먼지 보도 특성을 파악하고, 미세먼지를 둘러싼 핵심 이슈와 발생 요인, 해결방안, 갈등 주제와 주요 행위자 등에 프레임이 어떻게...

Measles during pregnancy has been associated with a deleterious effect on the perinatal outcomes. We experienced case of measles infection composed severe maternal gestational exhibiting pneumonia, hepatitis, enteritis, rashes and preterm delivery, absent vaccination, mild neonatal congenital only rashes, related to post-exposure immunoglobulin prophylaxis used avoid undesirable outcomes, 2013 outbreak in South Korea. The diagnosis transplacental transmission virus were documented by...

Abstract The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is one of the most important regulators cancer cell growth, survival, motility, and metabolism. As PI3K activated in a wide variety human malignancies, it emerging as an attractive target for treatment. Recently, we have designed synthesized new series imidazo [1,2-a] pyridine derivatives PI3Ka inhibitors. In this study, investigated effect HS-196 [ethyl 6-(5-(2,4-difluorophenylsulfonamido) pyridin-3-yl) pyridine-3-carboxylate] hepatocellular...