A5010574313- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Tree-ring climate responses
- Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
- Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Forest ecology and management
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Phosphorus and nutrient management
National Research Council
2016-2025
Istituto di Biometeorologia
2012-2023
Fondazione Edmund Mach
2012-2015
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
1999-2013
Virginia Tech
2010
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research
2010
University of Zurich
2010
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
2009
University of Pisa
1999
University of Pavia
1981
Abstract This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different methods that separate net ecosystem exchange (NEE) into its major components, gross carbon uptake (GEP) respiration ( R eco ). In particular, we analyse effect extrapolation night‐time values daytime; this is usually done with a temperature response function derived from long‐term data sets. For analysis, used 16 one‐year‐long sets dioxide measurements European US‐American eddy covariance networks. These sites span...
[1] We upscaled FLUXNET observations of carbon dioxide, water, and energy fluxes to the global scale using machine learning technique, model tree ensembles (MTE). trained MTE predict site-level gross primary productivity (GPP), terrestrial ecosystem respiration (TER), net exchange (NEE), latent (LE), sensible heat (H) based on remote sensing indices, climate meteorological data, information land use. applied MTEs generate flux fields at a 0.5° × spatial resolution monthly temporal from 1982...
Precision Viticulture is experiencing substantial growth thanks to the availability of improved and cost-effective instruments methodologies for data acquisition analysis, such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), that demonstrated compete with traditional platforms, satellite aircraft, due low operational costs, high flexibility spatial resolution imagery. In order optimize use these technologies precision viticulture, their technical, scientific economic performances need be assessed. The...
Significance Terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP), the total photosynthetic CO 2 fixation at ecosystem level, fuels all life on land. However, its spatiotemporal variability is poorly understood, because GPP determined by many processes related to plant phenology and physiological activities. In this study, we find that phenological properties can be integrated in a robust index—the product of length uptake period seasonal maximal photosynthesis—to explain over space time response...
Abstract. Extreme climatic events, such as droughts and heat stress, induce anomalies in ecosystem–atmosphere CO2 fluxes, gross primary production (GPP) ecosystem respiration (Reco), and, hence, can change the net carbon balance. However, despite our increasing understanding of underlying mechanisms, magnitudes impacts different types extremes on GPP Reco within between ecosystems remain poorly predicted. Here we aim to identify major factors controlling amplitude extreme-event GPP, Reco,...
Summary A new design of free‐air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) is presented that has been used to expose a poplar plantation elevated atmospheric concentrations in other‐wise unaltered conditions, the open. This system releases pure at high velocity, through large number small gas jets, causing rapid mixing between and air. The theoretical practical aspects this are described, with emphasis on fluid mechanics air–CO sonic jets. Field performance data, including spectral analysis short‐term...
Abstract In regions characterized by arid seasons, such as the Mediterranean basin, soil moisture is a major driver of ecosystem CO 2 efflux during periods drought stress. Here, rain event can induce disproportional respiratory pulse, releasing an amount to atmosphere that may significantly contribute annual carbon balance. The mechanisms behind this pulse are unclear, and it still unknown whether due stimulation autotrophic, heterotrophic and/or inorganic fluxes. On island Pianosa, eddy...
Impacts of biochar application in combination with organic fertilizer, such as compost, are not fully understood. In this study, we tested the effects amendment, compost addition, and their on lettuce plants grown a soil poor nutrients; microbiological, chemical, physical characteristics were analyzed, together plant growth physiology. An initial screening was also done to evaluate effect toxicity, using cress earthworms. Results showed that amendment had clear positive yield chemical...
The pyrolysis conversion of agricultural residues into biochar and its incorporation in soil, avoids CO2 emissions providing a safe long-term soil carbon sequestration. Furthermore, application to seems increase nutrient stocks the rooting zone, reduce leaching improve crop yields. This study reports some preliminary results obtained using two typical Italian crops. Two field experiments were made on durum wheat (Triticum L.) Central Italy maize (Zea mays Northern Italy. In both experiments,...
The agronomic use of charcoal from biomass pyrolysis (biochar) represents an interesting option for increasing soil fertility and sequestering atmospheric CO2. However, before moving toward large-scale biochar applications, additional research must evaluate all possible land–atmosphere feedbacks. Despite the number studies investigating effect on physical, chemical biological properties, only a few have been done surface albedo variations agricultural lands. present work had aim...
Application of biochar to soil has been recommended as a carbon sequestration approach that can also improve physical and chemical properties. The addition change the physicochemical properties soil, leading subsequent modification microbial community. However, long-term implications these changes remain insufficiently elucidated. Here, we examined biochemical bulk employed next-generation sequencing techniques analyze microbiological both rhizosphere soils after 10 years application....
The QBS-ar, based on the study of microarthropod community structure, is well known as a quick and low-cost indicator to monitor soil biological quality at farm scale. Temperature fluctuations other climate factors in European countries may indirectly influence communities by altering resource availability microhabitat conditions. In context crisis, along with drought erosion threats, especially southern Europe, it essential define limits advantages QBS-ar index. We applied index warm...
Abstract A FACE (Free Air CO 2 Enrichment) experiment was carried out on Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L., cv. Primura) in 1995 Italy. Three rings were used to fumigate circular field plots of 8 m diameter while two as controls at ambient concentrations. Four exposure levels the (ambient, 460, 560 and 660 μmol mol –1 ). Phenology crop development, canopy surface temperature, above‐ below‐ground biomass monitored during growing season. Crop phenology affected by elevated , date flowering...
Abstract. Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the largest and most variable component of global terrestrial carbon cycle. Repeatable accurate monitoring GPP therefore critical for quantifying dynamics in regional-to-global budgets. Remote sensing provides high frequency observations ecosystems widely used to monitor model spatiotemporal variability ecosystem properties processes that affect GPP. We data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) FLUXNET assess how well four...