We have significantly improved the emission efficiency in an organic light-emitting device (OLED) based on iridium (III)bis[(4,6-di-fluoropheny)-pyridinato-N,C2′]picolinate (FIrpic). To improve efficiency, 4,4′-bis(9-carbazolyl)-2,2′-dimethyl-biphenyl, which has a high triplet energy, was used as carrier-transporting host for emissive layer. The FIrpic-based OLED exhibited maximum external quantum of 10.4%, corresponding to current 20.4 cd/A, and power 10.5 lm/W. drastically compared that...

Highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes are in urgent demand applications of new generation full-color displays and solid-state lighting sources. The limitation device performance is greatly affected by extrinsic intrinsic elements the light out-coupling process. By elaborately designing emitters as sticklike molecules, horizontal orientation ratios range 86–93% were realized to intrinsically increase factor electroluminescence devices. These elongated compounds inclined lie parallel...

A 3.2-in flexible color display, with a resolution of 50 ppi and composed bottom-emission multiphoton organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) inkjet-printed thin-film transistors (OTFTs) bottom-gate/bottom-contact structure on filter, was developed. The device could successfully display videos while being bent, achieved maximum luminance 125 cd/m <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> white light emission. gate dielectrics the...

An active matrix backplane based on solution-processed organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) has been developed for flexible displays having multiphoton light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The OTFT device a bottom-gate/bottom-contact type structure consisting of polyethylene naphthalate-based substrate covered with patterned gate electrodes and dielectric UV-cured cardo-polymer. Teflon AF was used hydrophobic bank that defines regions the OTFTs, semiconductor coated by solution shearing....

Abstract An ultra‐high moisture barrier compact SiN X film can be achieved from solution‐processed perhydropolysilazane (PHPS) through vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light exposure. This study investigates the photochemical reactions and photo‐densification of PHPS‐based films under varying VUV intensities, focusing on their effects performance. Photo‐dehydrogenation PHPS, involving N─H Si─H bond cleavage, is efficient unaffected by intensity. However, shows a strong dependence intensity,...

Solution processing of thin film encapsulation (TFE) has been a long anticipated technology to bridge the big idea flexible organic electronics become real world values, since only small-sized devices are currently achieved with expensive multilayered TFE by complex vacuum processing. Highly demanding conditions carry out process under inert gas, at low temperature, and without aggressive chemicals avoid damages materials. Here we show for first time solution-processed totally equal level...

Dilution of spin-coating solution UV-curable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) precursor with decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) is able to reduce thickness the resulting PDMS layer ca. 100 nm without changing its quality allow partial photochemical conversion dense, crack- and pinhole-free inorganic SiOx upon exposure vacuum UV (VUV) light a high photon energy (λ = 172 nm, Eph 7.2 eV) within 3 min achieve facile formation PDMS/SiOx double layer. The process clearly understood as monitored by...

π-Conjugated copolymers composed of 9,9-didodecylfluorene and boron quinolate were synthesized by an efficient chelating reaction quinolinol-based polyfluorene derivative, as a polymeric ligand, with arylborane compounds such triphenylborane (BPh3) or fluorobis(pentafluorophenyl)borane diethyl etherate ((C6F5)BF·OEt2). The ligand was prepared from the deprotection tribromide benzyloxyquinoline-based polyfluorene, which produced via Suzuki cross-coupling 5,7-dibromo-8-benzylquinoline...

In this study, we investigate the development of an inchworm-inspired soft robot with active friction control its feet. The focus is on design, modeling, and locomotion principle. Friction achieved dynamically by using a unique material called double-network hydrogel (DN gel) to form legs inchworm robot. DN gels are but tough materials, they exhibit characteristic frictional difference surface under applied voltage. This property exploited realize locomotion. A wide range speeds can be...

Room temperature solution processing of highly compact, glass-like thin films ZnO, SnO2 and Zn-Sn oxide was achieved for the purpose to use them as film encapsulations (TFEs) organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), by employing photochemical decomposition metallorganic precursors under vacuum ultraviolet irradiation in dry N2. While hydration water source chemical strongly promoted granular crystal growth, anhydrous flat without pinholes cracks. The analysis Fourier transform infrared...

Solution processed metal organic thin film was found to act as an efficient and stable electron injection layer (EIL) in inverted light emitting diodes (iOLEDs). Mild annealing of zinc(II) methoxyethoxide (ZME) under N2 resulted nanocrystals ZnO (nc-ZnO) within highly compact amorphous gel ZME (ag-ZME). While well-crystallized caused a strong leakage reduce device efficiency, the ag-ZME at temperature low 30 °C did work efficiently. DC capacitance analysis revealed dielectric behavior that...

Gas barrier films are widely used in electronic and packaging applications. They also critical components of flexible organic light-emitting diodes (FOLEDs) that require high gas performance. Among the various film manufacturing techniques, solution-processed thin-film encapsulation (TFE) represents a low-cost FOLED fabrication method. The nanometer-thick SiN produced following vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-induced densification perhydropolysilazane (PHPS) N2 atmosphere can potentially serve as...

Soft-matter robotics, which is named for robots made from soft materials, will possibly conquer the limit of conventional rigid body dynamics hard materials. For example, a snake-like robot, walk in various environments including narrow space like drain pipes with complicated structure. Here we developed walking robot friction control double-network hydrogel (DN gel) on its feet, as first model based concept soft-matter robotics. It found that appropriate DN gel, inchworm has realized high...

Rationale Organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) products based on display applications have become popular in the past 10 years, and new are being commercialized with rapid frequency. Despite many advantages of OLEDs, these devices still a problem concerning lifetime. To gain an understanding degradation process, authors investigated molecular information for deteriorated OLED using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS). Methods TOF‐SIMS depth profiling is indispensable...

The efficiency and lifetime of white organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have now reached at sufficient level for practical use in displays lightings. High-resolution OLED TVs can be fabricated with highly-efficient OLEDs color filters. There are several attractive features such as non-glare, less blue-light, high color-rendering index, linear brightness control, thin lightweight, that great advantage the lighting applications. In this paper, first some key technologies explained, then new...

Hybrid thin films of crystalline CuSCN and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-4′-(N′-methyl)stilbazolium (DAS) in three distinctively different nanostructures were obtained by electrochemical self-assembly from a single pot containing all the chemical ingredients. Their optical properties for UV–vis-NIR absorption, photoluminescence (PL), PL excitation spectra examined between 77 298 K, comparison with solution solid powder DAS tosylate (DAST). Unlike other dyes we tested before, was not quenched but...

Photochemical conversion of a dry gel coating comprising zinc acetate and monoethanolamine (MEA) into highly compact transparent thin film oxide nanocrystals (ZnO NCs) is shown to produce color-tunable photoluminescence (PL) from violet (389 nm) bluish-green (486 by controlling the period vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed no crystal growth prolonged VUV irradiation beyond size 4 nm (absorbing at 292 nm), which forms within first 1 min...

Abstract Several electronic devices, such as perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), are very vulnerable to water vapor. Therefore, they require an ultrahigh‐performance gas barrier (water vapor transmission rate [WVTR]: less than 10 −5 g m −2 d −1 ). The performance of solution‐processed barriers is inferior that vacuum‐processed barriers; however, possess advantages high resource efficiency, throughput, low fabrication cost, printability, which facilitate...

Nanostructured hybrid thin films of crystalline CuSCN and fluorescent cationic dyes; Rhodamine B (RB), Nile Blue A (NB) 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-4'-(N'-methyl)stilbazolium (DAS) were obtained by electrochemical self-assembly from a single pot containing all the chemical ingredients. Concerted functionalities achieved intimate interaction between dye was studied for photoluminescence (PL) behavior 77 298 K. PL RB NB totally quenched when they hybridized with CuSCN, due to hole transfer excited...

Electrochemical self-assembly of CuSCN/4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-4'-(N'-methyl)stilbazolium (DAS) hybrid thin films has been carried out on systematic variation bulk concentrations [Cu(SCN)]+, DAS tosylate (DAST) and changing their flux density by angular speed rotation the rotating disk electrode. Switching loading mechanism dependent DAST concentration in bath verified quantified. The switching occurs at ratio [Cu(SCN)]+/DAST = ca. 40, above which becomes diffusion limited for to be occluded...