Upon contact with the eukaryotic cell, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis increased rate of transcription virulence genes ( yop ), as determined by in situ monitoring light emission from individual bacteria expressing luciferase under control yopE promoter. The microbe-host interaction triggered export LcrQ, a negative regulator Yop expression, via Yop-type III secretion system. intracellular concentration LcrQ was thereby lowered, resulting expression Yops. These results suggest key role for type...

What is already known about this subject • The occurrence of idiosyncratic drug hepatotoxicity a major problem in all phases clinical development and the leading cause postmarketing warnings withdrawals. Physical exercise can result transient elevations liver function tests. There no consensus literature on which forms may changes tests to what extent. study adds Weightlifting results profound increases healthy men used moderate physical activity, not including weightlifting. Liver are...

Type III‐mediated translocation of Yop effectors is an essential virulence mechanism pathogenic Yersinia LcrV the only protein secreted by type III secretion system that induces protective immunity. also plays a significant role in regulation expression and secretion. The process has, however, remained elusive on account its pleiotropic effects. Here, we show anti‐LcrV antibodies can block delivery into target cell cytosol. This argues strongly for critical process. Additional evidence...

The 3GPP LTE system has been designed to offer significantly higher data rates, throughput, and lower latency for delay critical services. This improved performance be provided guaranteed under various mobility conditions. Hence, handover (HO) its are of high importance. paper investigates the procedure within in terms HO failure rate whole procedure. System level simulations a typical urban propagation environment, with different User Equipment (UE) speeds, cell radii traffic loads per have...

For the first time, a novel rear contacting structure for copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) thin film solar cells is discussed theoretically, developed in an industrially viable way, and demonstrated tangible devices. The proposed cell design reduces back area by combining surface passivation layer nano-sized local point contacts. Atomic deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 used to passivate CIGS formation nano-sphere shaped precipitates chemical bath (CBD) CdS generate contact openings....

Introduction of anti‐host factors into eukaryotic cells by extracellular bacteria is a strategy evolved several Gram‐negative pathogens. In these pathogens, the transport virulence proteins across bacterial membranes governed closely related type III secretion systems. For pathogenic Yersinia , protein cell membrane occurs polarized mechanism requiring two secreted proteins, YopB and YopD. was recently shown to induce formation pore in membrane, through this pore, translocation Yop effectors...

Delivery of Yop effector proteins by pathogenic Yersinia across the eukaryotic cell membrane requires LcrV, YopB and YopD. These were also required for channel formation in infected erythrocytes and, using different osmolytes, contact-dependent haemolysis assay was used to study size. Channels associated with LcrV around 3 nm, whereas homologous PcrV protein Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced channels 2 nm diameter. In lipid bilayer membranes, purified a stepwise conductance increase nS 1 nS,...

The antigenicity, structural location, and function of the predicted lipoprotein TP0136 Treponema pallidum subsp. were investigated based on previous screening studies indicating that anti-TP0136 antibodies are present in sera syphilis patients experimentally infected rabbits. Recombinant (rTP0136) protein was purified shown to be strongly antigenic during human experimental rabbit infection. exposed surface bacterial outer membrane bound host extracellular matrix glycoproteins fibronectin...

An ideal substitute to treat a nerve gap has not been found. Initially, silicone conduits were employed. Later, fabricated from collagen or polyesters carbonates. More recently, it shown that bioresorbable material, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), can enhance repair. The present investigation shows the use of fibrin as conduit guide regeneration and bridge defects. In this study we prepared investigated novel made glue. Using rodent sciatic injury model (10-mm gap), compared extent through new...

To investigate whether the pharmacokinetic characteristics of semaglutide were altered in people with hepatic impairment, assessed using Child-Pugh criteria, vs those normal function.In this multicentre, open-label, parallel-group trial (sponsor Novo Nordisk, ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02210871), four groups participants function (n = 19) or mild 8), moderate 10) severe 7) impairment received a single, subcutaneous dose 0.5 mg semaglutide. Semaglutide plasma concentrations frequently for 35...

Many Gram-negative bacteria use type III secretion systems to translocate effector proteins into host cells. These effectors interfere with cellular functions in a highly regulated manner resulting effects that are beneficial for the bacteria. The pathogen Yersinia can resist phagocytosis by eukaryotic cells translocating Yop target cell cytoplasm. This is called antiphagocytosis, and constitutes an important virulence feature of this since it allows survival immune rich lymphoid organs. We...

This study investigates the interplay between absorber layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> solar cells and other layers these devices. devices with absorbers different thicknesses buffer are fabricated. Absorber finished characterized. Good efficiencies obtained, also for substandard thickness down to 0.3 μm. Best open-circuit voltages fill factors found half standard thickness, but highest 1.6 μm due...

Abstract In this paper, lightsoaking and temperature‐dependent current‐voltage (JVT) measurements on Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 solar cells with atomic layer deposited Zn 1‐x Mg x O buffer layers are presented. A range of concentrations used, from pure ZnO (x=0) to 26% (x=0·26). Since kind exhibit strong metastable behaviour, is needed prior the JVT‐measurements enable fitting these one‐diode model. The most prominent effect Mg‐rich an increased fill factor, while mainly increase V oc· . activation...

This paper proposes and evaluates a set of access selection principles for data services in multi-access wideband code division multiple (WCDMA) wireless local area network (WLAN) networks. Access based on different input parameters are evaluated compared terms their achieved bitrate characteristics. A heterogeneous user behavior with spatial traffic hotspots, covered by WLAN points, is assumed. Results indicate that many scenarios the simple principle 'WLAN if coverage' yields satisfactory...

Genome sequencing projects on two relapsing fever spirochetes, Borrelia hermsii and turicatae, revealed differences in genes involved purine metabolism salvage compared to those the Lyme disease spirochete burgdorferi. The spirochetes contained six open reading frames that are absent from B. burgdorferi genome. These included for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hpt), adenylosuccinate synthase (purA), lyase (purB), auxiliary protein (nrdI), ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase...