A convenient, reversible, fast, and wide-range switching of thermal conductivity is desired for efficient heat energy management. However, traditional methods, such as temperature-induced phase transition chemical doping, have many limitations, e.g., the lack continuous tunability over a wide temperature range low speed. In this work, strategy electric field-driven crystal symmetry engineering to efficiently modulate reported with first-principles calculations. By simply changing direction...

ABSTRACT To investigate the effect of atomic coordination on stability and adhesion strength FeCr 2 O 4 /α‐Fe interface, four different interface models (O top‐site, Cr Fe 1 top‐site) are developed based first‐principles density functional theory. The results indicate that primarily consists me ‐O ox mixed ionic‐covalent bonds ‐Fe metallic bonds, with dominating interfacial strength. Compared top‐site interfaces exhibit low charge accumulation longer which in weaker bonding at interface....

Wireless sensor networks are often deployed for tracking moving objects. Many algorithms have been proposed with two general assumptions: the preset fingerprints(prior landmark or context information) and an interference-free environment. These algorithms, however, cannot be used on-demand deployment where finger-prints unavailable would perform poorly in interference-rich environments. In this paper, we present a fingerprint-free localizing algorithm, called Enhanced Field Division (EFD)....

A novel combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system is proposed based on mixture consisting of CO2 organic fluids to meet the seasonal energy demand in buildings. Thermodynamic model was constructed laws thermodynamics, operation modes were also established. Techno-economic performance analyzed compared with pure fluids. Results show that temperature turbine inlet trans-critical cycle should be 10 °C lower than heat source temperature, pressure being approximately 1.4 times as large...

The present study deals with a numerical simulation of the failure behavior steam‐side oxide scale at high temperature considering creep and physical defects. An experimental observation was conducted on formed T91 superheater tubes from one coal‐fired plant, elastic‐plastic finite element model (FEM) established to predict crack load residual stress within during cooling. results associated those pure elastic were used clarify effect failure. Then FEM applied assess occurrence as function...

Abstract A theoretical study of the oxidation behavior iron‐based alloy in supercritical water (SCW) has been carried out based on ReaxFF force‐field molecular dynamics simulation. An atomic model proposed to simulate initial chemisorption reactions and atoms diffusion across oxide layer. Simulation results imply that Cr addition an important effect alloy. In stage oxidation, H 2 O prefers adsorb atom, some species form Cr(OH) 4 are observed FeCr surface. Once layer is formed, further...

The damage of steam‐side oxide scales grown on the high temperature components boiler can seriously influence safety power plants. In this paper, uniaxial tension test and acoustic emission (AE) technique were used to investigate evolution failure characteristics with varying thicknesses T91 alloy tubes. AE features associated metallographic investigation adopted detect onset each type scales. frequency signals extracted by wavelet based method, quantitative correlation between types was...

Abstract This study employed the density functional theory to capture atomic‐level dissociation processes of steam and investigate ions migration on Fe(001) FeCr(001) surfaces, revealing role Cr atom in early oxidation. Various coadsorption structures with different steam‐derived species have been systematically examined find most energetically favored surface site. The results showed that alloy underwent two steps. First, H 2 O molecule top site was dissociated into OH group atom, which...

In this thesis, the chemical properties of chestnut shell pigments were mainly studied. Through a series pigment stability experiments, it could be learned that was sensitive to different pH and heat, stable light, had certain tolerance oxidant H2O2 reducing agent ascorbic acid. Mn2+ Zn2+ enhancement effects on color pigments. Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+ Al3+ destroy pigment, caused precipitate. The also commonly used as food additives.

Sampled with the pigments extracted from Chinese chestnut shell by alkali solution, chromaticity protein and starch chromaticness red index are related to. The characteristics were compared that of standard caramel pigment. Methods used spectrometer colorimeter. Compared pigments, better stability protein, lower chromacticness higher in shown.

A new method was established for detecting a series of photoinitiators (PIs) in printed cartonboard food-packaging materials, which were benzophenone (BP), 4-methylbenzophenone (MBP), 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Irgacure184), ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB), 2-ethylhexyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EHDAB) and 2-isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Extraction carried out with ethyl acetate ultrasonic solvent extraction. Samples analyzed GC/MS...

Abstract This paper proposes a method for predicting the creep rupture life of superheater tubes, considering continuous increasing metal temperature and stress as result oxide formation. The steam‐side growth was assessed by parabolic oxidation rate law, profiles tubes calculated combining 3D computational fluid dynamics simulation 1D analytical models. Based on estimated maximum elastic hoop stress, parametric extrapolation technique utilized to assess life. validity this confirmed...

This paper focuses on the study of a series photoinitiators (PIs) present in set two and board samples which have different composition, grammage thickness. The chemical compounds released by packaging can contaminate food may affect safety health consumers.To evaluate if could be used as material, partition coefficients (Kpaper/air) between air six kinds PIs white carton kraft were determined. results indicated that Values Kpaper/air from 1 to 4843 obtained at temperatures. decreases with...

Non-enzymatic browning often occurs in the processing of chestnut kernel.Chemical components kernel that related to have been studied this paper order control browning. Results were showed as followed: after non-enzymatic processing,the protein content cooked decreased by 30.34%, reduced sugar decreases 38.44% and ascorbic acid 85.81%. Therefore, Maillard reaction oxidation main reactions resulting kernel. In addition, influence pH is significant while sucrose sodium chlorine had no effects...

Using microwave technology,establish a best destroying enzyme condition that can make peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) lossing of activity. Enzyme activity PPO POD were determined by guaiacol colorimetric method catechol under the six different time five power. Complete deactivation was achieved when treatment chestnut kernel to 640W/60s combined. Under these conditions, color flavor product retained,which is in chestnuts heating

A hot-force coupling finite element method (FEM) model was established and a two-dimensional cutting slice introduced to investigate the heat transfer stress variation as well solidification deformation behaviour of thin continuous casting slab with core reduction. The influence technological parameters on process analysed based simulation results.

The relationship of adsorption characteristic about active carbon and the haze in clarified apple juice was investigated. Particle size addition temperature were studied.0.18mm particle with biggest specific surface area 0.075mm widest microspore distribution lowered turbidity contents protein that phenolics. Contents phenolics decreased by increasing adding amounts carbon. High showed positive volume phenolic negative protein. 0.18mm or 15g/kg 50°C are chosen reducing juice. Absorbability...

In order to model the mechanical behavior of joints efficiently, a thin-layer tri-node joint element is constructed. The stiffness matrix derived in paper. For it shares common nodes with original triangle element, can be applied crack propagation without remeshing or mesh adjustment. Another advantage that cracked body meshed consideration its geometry integrity and existence pre-existed procedure generation, then triangular intersected by automatically transformed into represent cracks....

Compositions that related to the secondary haze compositions in clarified apple juice were studied. Pressing treatment, pasteurization and enzymatic treatment mainly investigated. Turbidity, contents of phenolics components, soluble proteins three batches monitored at intervals during processing procedures. resulted increasing turbidity total phenolics, condensed tannins, proteins, but decreasing level low molecular- weight juice. Pasteurization had effects on little components Enzymatic...