A5042056678- interferon and immune responses
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Immune cells in cancer
- RNA modifications and cancer
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Respiratory viral infections research
University of Minnesota System
2025
University of Minnesota
2021-2024
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2021
Minot State University
2021
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Neutralizing Abs target receptor binding domain of spike (S) protein, a focus successful vaccine efforts. Concerns have arisen that S-specific immunity may fail to neutralize emerging variants. We show vaccination with human adenovirus type 5 vector expressing SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein can establish protective immunity, defined by reduced weight loss and viral load, in both Syrian...
Humans differ in their susceptibility to infectious disease, partly owing variation the immune response after infection. We used single-cell RNA sequencing quantify influenza infection peripheral blood mononuclear cells from European- and African-ancestry males. Genetic ancestry effects are common but highly cell type specific. Higher levels of European associated with increased I interferon pathway activity early infection, which predicts reduced viral titers at later time points....
Influenza viruses pose a significant burden on global human health. has broad cellular tropism in the airway, but how infection of different epithelial cell types impacts replication kinetics and airways is not fully understood. Using primary airway cultures, which recapitulate diverse landscape airways, we investigated impact type composition virus kinetics. Cultures were highly across multiple donors 30 independent differentiation conditions supported range influenza replication. Although...
Effective control of viral infection requires rapid induction the innate immune response, especially type I and III interferon (IFN) systems. Despite critical role IFN in host defense, numerous studies have established that most cells fail to produce IFNs response stimuli. The specific factors govern cellular heterogeneity potential during are not understood. To identify license some but others mount an infection, we developed approach for analyzing temporal scRNA-seq data influenza A virus...
Lethal, amber mutations in T4 genes 46 and 47 cause incomplete degradation of host DNA, premature arrest phage DNA synthesis, accumulation abnormal replication intermediates, defective recombination. These phenotypes can be explained by the hypothesis that control a exonuclease, but vitro demonstration such nuclease has not yet been reported. Membrane supernatant fractions from 46- 47- mutant-infected 46+ 47+ control-infected cells were assayed for presence protein products these (i.e., gp46...
The cGAS/STING/TBK1 (cyclic guanine monophosphate-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes/Tank-binding kinase 1) innate immunity pathway is activated during human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) productive (lytic) replication in fully differentiated cells and latency within incompletely myeloid cells. While multiple lytic-phase HCMV proteins neutralize steps along this pathway, none them are expressed latency. Here, we show that the latency-associated protein UL138 inhibits transfections...
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Neutralizing antibodies target receptor binding domain of spike (S) protein, a focus successful vaccine efforts. Concerns have arisen that S-specific immunity may fail to neutralize emerging variants. We show vaccination with HAd5 expressing nucleocapsid (N) protein can establish protective immunity, defined by reduced weight loss and viral load, in both Syrian hamsters k18-hACE2...
ABSTRACT Zoonotic viruses are an omnipresent threat to global health. Influenza A virus (IAV) transmits between birds, livestock, and humans. Proviral host factors involved in the cross-species interface well known. Less is known about antiviral mechanisms that suppress IAV zoonoses. We observed CpG dinucleotide depletion human relative avian IAV. Notably, ZAP selectively depletes CpG-enriched viral RNAs with its cofactor KHNYN. conserved tetrapods but we uncovered species lack found chicken...
We constructed genetic recombinational maps of genes 46 and 47 by using five amber mutants in gene 46, nine 47, two-factor crosses. Two different fragments three were detected on polyacrylamide slab gels the presence sodium dodecyl sulfate. The agreed with fragment maps; taken together, data oriented all sites both respect to each other. Given relative map positions determined genetically Epstein et al. (Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 28:375-394, 1963), our results extend reinforce...