Vision is important in poultry behavior and welfare. Poultry have highly specialized visual systems, the majority of their mediated by vision. In present study, we evaluated lighting preference broiler chickens exposed to different sources production performance. first portion birds for white yellow provided light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs. Bird was assessed videos recorded during experiment. second performance LED compact fluorescent lamps (CFL). Performance terms mortality rate, bird BW,...

Dog training methods range broadly from those using mostly positive punishment and negative reinforcement (aversive-based) to primarily (reward-based). Although aversive-based has been strongly criticized for negatively affecting dog welfare, there is no comprehensive research focusing on companion dogs mainstream techniques, most studies rely owner-reported assessment of behavior. The aim the present study was evaluate effects aversive- reward-based welfare within outside context....

The ongoing worldwide effort to reduce animal numbers in research often omits the issue of pre-weaning mortality mouse breeding. A conservative estimate 20% would mean approximately 1.1 M mice die annually EU before scientific use. We hypothesize that laboratory breeding is associated with cage social and macro/micro-environment conditions. Here we count pups from 509 C57BL/6J litters daily for accurate detection mortality, monitor micro-environment 172 litters. Probability increases...

This experiment was carried out in a 104 m² poultry house located between the geographical coordinates 25°45'00" south latitude and 53°03'25" west longitude an average altitude of 550 m, from September to November, 2008. The chickens were placed 12 pens measuring 2 each at stocking density m-2. study aimed evaluating effect two different initial weights (chick weight on first day experiment) types litter material broiler production parameters, humidity, as well breast footpad lesions. A...

Perinatal mortality is a major issue in laboratory mouse breeding. We compared counting method using daily checks (DAILY_CHECK) with combining detailed video analyses to detect cannibalisms (VIDEO_TRACK) for estimating the number of C57BL/6 pups that were born, died and weaned 193 litters from trios (TRIO-OVERLAP) or without (TRIO-NO_OVERLAP) presence another litter. Linear mixed models used at litter level. To understand whether cannibalism was associated active killing (infanticide), we...

High and variable pre-weaning mortality is a persistent problem in laboratory mouse breeding. Assuming modest 15% rate across strains, means that approximately 1 million more pups are produced yearly the EU to compensate for those which die. This paper presents first large study under practical husbandry conditions determine risk factors associated with mortality. We analysed historical records from 219,975 two breeding facilities, collected as part of their management routine including...

This study aimed at identifying the factors that affect financial performance of broiler chicken production in Southwest Paraná state Brazil, as well to relationship these with social-economic situation poultry farmers. Data were obtained from a questionnaire applied farmers between February and March, 2011. The included 39 questions relative farmer's age, family size, land possession, capital invested farming, gross income per flock, training farming experience, credit needs, technical...

The study objective was to characterize effects of early gestation in utero heat stress (IUHS) on postnatal fasting production (FHP) and blood biomarkers associated with metabolism growing pigs. Based previous observation increased core body temperature set point IUHS pigs, we hypothesized that FHP would be altered during life because IUHS. Pregnant first-parity gilts were exposed thermoneutral (TN; n = 4; 17.8 ± 0.1°C) or (HS; cyclical 28 38°C) conditions from d 30 60 gestation. At weaning...

This study aimed at identifying the factors that affect economic efficiency of broiler breeder production using analysis stochastic profit frontier function. Data were collected in 48 farms contracted by a commercial company located southwestern Paraná, Brazil. The data refer to last batch fertile eggs was delivered company, between January, 2008, and July, 2009. following parameters evaluated: hatching per hen (number eggs/hen), hatchability (hatch %), feed intake egg (g feed/ egg), scale...

The study objective was to characterize effects of early gestation in utero heat stress (IUHS) on postnatal fasting production (FHP) and blood biomarkers associated with metabolism growing pigs. Based previous observation increased core body temperature set point IUHS pigs, we hypothesized that FHP would be altered during life because IUHS. Pregnant first-parity gilts were exposed thermoneutral (TN; = 4; 17.8 ± 0.1°C) or (HS; cyclical 28 38°C) conditions from d 30 60 gestation. At weaning...

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The ability to determine total heat production (THP) in individual sows and litters can be logistically difficult often requires the use of multiple animals generate data on a per room basis. Furthermore, these systems may costly construct, precluding their by many researchers. Therefore, objective was develop low-cost indirect calorimetry system THP lactating litters. Six calorimeters were constructed house 1 sow litter crate throughout farrowing 21-d lactation period. Farrowing crates...

Research is uncovering the genetic and biochemical effects of consuming large quantities alcohol. One prime example J- or U-shaped relationship between levels alcohol consumption risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Moderate in humans (about 30 g ethanol/d) associated with reduced coronary heart disease, while abstinence heavier intake linked to increased risk. However, hepatic consequences moderate drinking are largely unknown. Previous data from alcohol-preferring (P) rats showed...

This study aimed at evaluating the live performance of turkeys during initial stage production (1-26 days age) and to map environmental variables inside turkey houses, such as temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, two distinct minimum ventilation systems. House 1 (H1) was equipped with a negative-pressure system 2 (H2) positive-pressure system. performed in commercial poultry located Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil, June, 2008. A number 14,000 toms same age, provided by local...

The present research hypothesized that the thermal, lighting and acoustic environments in commercial swine farrowing rooms vary over time from crate to crate. This study was conducted on 27 replicates two North Central Indiana, each equipped with 60 crates. Temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, sound air velocity were continuously monitored estimated for at sow level, 48 h post-farrowing, which is usually a critical period piglet survivability. Average daily temperature all crates...

Health status, feed conversion ratio, and mortality are long known broiler chicken production indicators. However, further parameters required by today's demanding meat markets, as these indicators not sufficiently accurate to determine flock overall welfare. Morphological asymmetry has been pointed an alternative welfare indicator it reflects the ability of bird cope with challenges that rearing conditions may impose. This study aimed at evaluating possibility using morphological a...

Loose farrowing pens have been considered as alternatives to crates enhance sow welfare. A major concern with pen systems is often higher piglet pre-weaning mortality, especially due crushing by the sow. An optimal management of light and mat surface temperature may promote greater use creep, which has associated reduced crushing. total 108 sows their piglets were studied in welfare protection on a commercial piggery, across two replicates. Sows randomly assigned arranged within creep...

<abstract><title><italic>Abstract.</italic></title> The Fan Assessment Numeration System (FANS), developed by the USDA-ARS Southern Poultry Research Laboratory and refined at University of Kentucky, has become a useful tool to measure airflow agricultural ventilation fans in situ. However, procedures for using FANS situ fan performance have not been standardized. A common practice changing static pressure inside tunnel-ventilated animal housing during tests is energize other fans, although...

Crop production in greenhouses needs the use of chemicals and requires high levels temperature relative humidity to assure increasing crop production. This can cause risks for health operators, especially if they are not equipped with protection devices. The may also vary type and/or size shape protected structures. In order determine influence different coverings on amount risks, chemical physical risk factors were measured inside cladding materials (glass panels plastic films) after...

Abstract Neonatal mortality in wild-type laboratory mice is an overlooked welfare and financial problem animal facilities around the world. Causes of death are often not reported its causes remain unknown. In this study, 324 newborn pups from two breeding colonies healthy wildtype C57BL/6 underwent post-mortem analysis with special focus on obtaining proof life after birth, evaluation stomach contents observation congenital abnormalities that could compromise survival. Based a combination...

There has been a great evolution and improvement in the nutrition of poultry lysine used reference amino acid to increase animal protein deposition. Therefore, meta-analysis was performed with objective studying effect different dietary levels on performance carcass yield broiler chickens. In total, 21 studies published Brazil since 1999 were included. Bird considered daily weight gain (178 observations) feed conversion ratio (188 results. Carcass quality evaluated relative (24...

The design and operation of broiler house ventilation are directly related to the air inlet characteristics. Air leakage affects distribution mixing inside houses causing negative effects on quality environmental control. A common method evaluating tightness is entirely close house, turn a single 1.2m (48-inch) exhaust fan, record static pressure. new procedure assess was developed. Fourteen curves (of form **this equation following Introduction below***) from fourteen different (located in...