A5040130837- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Nuclear Structure and Function
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Cancer-related gene regulation
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
Pennsylvania State University
2015-2025
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1999-2002
University of Colorado Boulder
1999-2002
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
1994-1997
Harvard University
1994-1997
Abstract The precise rotational manipulation of single cells or organisms is invaluable to many applications in biology, chemistry, physics and medicine. In this article, we describe an acoustic-based, on-chip method that can rotate microparticles, organisms. To achieve this, trapped microbubbles within predefined sidewall microcavities inside a microchannel. acoustic field, were driven into oscillatory motion generating steady microvortices which utilized precisely colloids, entire (that...
A polydimethylsiloxane microchannel featuring sidewall sharp-edge structures and bare channels, a piezoelement transducer is attached to thin glass slide. When an external acoustic field applied the microchannel, oscillation of slide generate streaming flows which in turn rotate single cells C. elegans in-plane out-of-plane. As service our authors readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by authors. Such materials are peer reviewed may be re-organized for online...
Intestinal epithelial cells are subject to attack by a diverse array of microbes, including intracellular as well extracellular pathogens. While defense in can be triggered pattern recognition receptor-mediated detection microbe-associated molecular patterns, there is much learned about how they sense infection via perturbations host physiology, which often occur during infection. A recently described response the nematode C. elegans called Intracellular Pathogen Response (IPR) with natural...
Changes in cellular microtubule organization often accompany developmental progression. In the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosome, which is attached to nucleus via ZYG-12, organizes network. this study, we investigate ZYG-12 function and before embryo formation gonad. Surprisingly, dispensable for centrosome attachment germline. However, ZYG-12–mediated recruitment of dynein nuclear envelope required maintain organization, membrane architecture, positioning within syncytial We...
Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne/homology (KASH)/Sad-1/UNC-84 (SUN) protein pairs can act as connectors between cytoplasmic organelles and the nucleoskeleton. Caenorhabditis elegans ZYG-12 SUN-1 are essential for centrosome-nucleus attachment. Although has a canonical SUN domain, divergent KASH domain. Here, we establish that mini domain is functional and, in combination with portion of coiled-coil sufficient nuclear envelope localization. hypothesized to be outer inner membrane proteins, respectively,...
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) are enzymes in the salvage pathway, which recycles purines to meet cellular demands. Mutations of these humans cause inflammatory immunodeficiency syndromes, but mechanisms not well understood. Prior work nematode Caenorhabditis elegans demonstrated that loss PNP ortholog PNP-1 induced an immune response called intracellular pathogen (IPR). Here, we show enzyme upstream ADAH-1 (ADA homolog) also induces IPR promotes...
ABSTRACT In screens for mutants defective in vulval morphogenesis, multiple were isolated which the uterus and vulva fail to make a proper connection. We describe five alleles that define gene cog-2, forconnection of gonad defective. To form functional connection between uterus, anchor cell must fuse with multinucleate uterine seam cell, derived from cells adopt π lineage. cog-2mutants, does not and, instead, remains at apex vulva, blocking lumens, resulting an egg-laying phenotype....
Nicotinamidases are metabolic enzymes that hydrolyze nicotinamide to nicotinic acid. These widely distributed across biology, with examples found encoded in the genomes of Mycobacteria, Archaea, Eubacteria, Protozoa, yeast, and invertebrates, but there none mammals. Although recent structural work has improved our understanding these enzymes, their catalytic mechanism is still not well understood. Recent data show nicotinamidases required for growth virulence several pathogenic microbes. The...
Abstract TRPV ion channels are directly activated by sensory stimuli and participate in thermo-, mechano- chemo-sensation. They also hypothesized to respond endogenous agonists that would modulate responses. Here, we show the nicotinamide (NAM) form of vitamin B 3 is an agonist a Caenorhabditis elegans channel. Using heterologous expression Xenopus oocytes, demonstrate NAM soluble for channel consisting well-studied OSM-9 subunit relatively uncharacterized OCR-4 as well orthologous...
We previously demonstrated that the Drosophila Krüppel protein is a transcriptional repressor with separable DNA-binding and repression activities. In this study, minimal amino (N)-terminal region of was defined by transferring regions to heterologous protein, lacI protein. Fusion predicted alpha-helical from acids 62 92 in N terminus sufficient transfer activity. This putative alpha-helix has several hydrophobic surfaces, as well glutamine-rich surface. Mutants containing multiple acid...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central molecule in cellular metabolism and an obligate co-substrate for NAD+-consuming enzymes, which regulate key biological processes such as longevity stress responses. Although NAD+ biosynthesis has been intensely studied, little analysis done developmental models. We have uncovered novel roles nicotinamidase(PNC), the first enzyme salvage pathway of invertebrates. Mutations Caenorhabditis elegans nicotinamidase PNC-1 cause functional...
Targeting a gene expression reporter, usually the green fluorescent protein (GFP), to nucleus via translationally fused nuclear localization signal (NLS) greatly facilitates recognition and identification of reporter-expressing cells in Caenorhabditis elegans. Presently circulating nematode transcriptional vectors use viral NLS from simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen. This NLS, however fails ensure sufficient GFP peptide nucleus. We modified common reporter SV40 NLS-GFP by adding its C...
Abstract Background P-type ATPases in subfamily IV are exclusively eukaryotic transmembrane proteins that have been proposed to directly translocate the aminophospholipids phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine from exofacial cytofacial monolayer of plasma membrane. Eukaryotic genomes contain many genes encoding members this subfamily. At present it is unclear why there so kind per organism or what individual roles these perform development. Results We systematically investigated...
On page 5120, T. J. Huang and co-workers attach a polydimethylsiloxane microchannel featuring sidewall sharp-edge structures bare channels, piezoelement transducer, to thin glass slide. Oscillation of generates acoustic streaming flows, which in turn rotate single cells C. elegans inside microchannel.