A5014511140- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- MRI in cancer diagnosis
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Complex Network Analysis Techniques
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Copenhagen University Hospital
2019-2025
Glostrup Hospital
2020-2025
Mental Health Services
2022-2024
University of Copenhagen
2021-2022
Technical University of Denmark
2013-2022
Hvidovre Hospital
2019-2020
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) tractography is a non-invasive tool to probe neural connections and the structure of white matter. It has been applied successfully in studies neurological disorders normal connectivity. Recent work revealed that produces high incidence false-positive connections, often from "bottleneck" matter configurations. The rich literature histological connectivity analysis macaque monkey enables quantitative evaluation performance algorithms. In...
Evaluation of the structural connectivity (SC) brain based on tractography has mainly focused choice diffusion model, algorithm, and their respective parameter settings. Here, we systematically validate SC derived from a post mortem monkey brain, while varying key acquisition parameters such as b-value, gradient angular resolution image resolution. As gold standard use matrix obtained invasively with histological tracers by Markov et al. (2014). performance metric, cross entropy measure that...
Prompt diagnosis and intervention are crucial for first-episode psychosis (FEP) outcomes, but predicting the response to antipsychotics remains challenging. We studied whether adding electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics improves clinical prediction models treatment EEG-based predictors influenced by initial treatment. included 115 antipsychotic-naïve patients with FEP. Positive Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) sociodemographic items were as features. Additionally, we analyzed...
Preclinical evidence points to disturbances in neural networks psychosis involving interrelations between dopaminergic-, GABAergic- and glutamatergic neurotransmitter systems. In support, we have previously shown that aberrant these neurotransmitters, contrast individual transmitter systems, can separate antipsychotic-naive first-episode psychotic patients (AN-FEP) from healthy controls (HC). Here, characterized interrelations, examined their association with treatment response, explored the...
The reproducibility of machine-learning analyses in computational psychiatry is a growing concern. In multimodal neuropsychiatric dataset antipsychotic-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia patients, we discuss workflow aimed at reducing bias and overfitting by invoking simulated data the design process analysis two independent approaches, one based on single algorithm other incorporating an ensemble algorithms. We to (1) classify patients from controls establish framework, (2) predict short-...
Studies across schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) indicate common transdiagnostic neurocognitive subgroups. However, existing studies of patients with long-term illness precludes insight into whether impairments result from effects chronic illness, medication or other factors. This study aimed to investigate subgroups SZ BD can be demonstrated during early stages. Data overlapping neuropsychological tests were pooled cohort antipsychotic-naïve first-episode spectrum disorders (n =...
Abstract Multiple lines of research support the dysconnectivity hypothesis schizophrenia. However, findings on white matter (WM) alterations in patients with schizophrenia are widespread and non-specific. Confounding factors from magnetic resonance image (MRI) processing, clinical diversity, antipsychotic exposure, substance use may underlie some variability. By application refined methodology careful sampling, we rectified common confounders investigating WM symptom correlates a sample...
The organization of the human brain remains elusive, yet is great importance to mechanisms integrative function. At macroscale, its structural and functional interpretation conventionally assessed at level cortical units. However, definition validation such parcellations are problematic due absence a true gold standard. We propose framework for quantitative evaluation via statistical prediction connectomics data. Specifically, we evaluate extent in which network representation units (defined...
Psychosis spectrum disorders are associated with cerebral changes, but the prognostic value and clinical utility of these findings unclear. Here, we applied a multivariate statistical model to examine predictive accuracy global white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) for transition psychosis in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR).110 UHR underwent 3 Tesla diffusion-weighted imaging assessments baseline, after 6 12 months. Using logistic regression, examined reliability FA baseline as...
Validated clinical prediction models of short-term remission in psychosis are lacking. Our aim was to develop a model aimed at predicting 4-6-week following first episode psychosis.Baseline data from the Athens First Episode Research Study used Support Vector Machine 4-week symptom first-episode patients using repeated nested cross-validation. This further tested predict 6-week sample two independent, consecutive Danish cohorts.Of 179 participants Athens, 120 were male with an average age...
Brain structural alterations and cognitive dysfunction are independent predictors for poor clinical outcome in schizophrenia, the associations between these domains remains unclear. We employed a novel, multiblock partial least squares correlation (MB-PLS-C) technique investigated multivariate cortico-cognitive patterns patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) matched healthy controls (HC). Forty-one TRS (age 38.5 ± 9.1, 30 males (M)), 45 HC 40.2 10.6, 29 M) underwent 3T MRI....
Disturbances in presynaptic dopamine activity and levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) glutamate plus glutamine (Glx) collectively may have a role the pathophysiology psychosis, although separately they are poor diagnostic markers. We tested whether these neurotransmitters combination improve distinction antipsychotic-naïve first episode psychotic patients from healthy controls. included 23 (mean age 22.3 years, nine males) 20 controls 22.4 eight males). determined metabolism nucleus...
Schizophrenia is associated with aberrations in the Default Mode Network (DMN), but clinical implications remain unclear. We applied data-driven, unsupervised machine learning based on resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) functional connectivity within DMN to cluster antipsychotic-naïve patients first-episode schizophrenia. The identified clusters were investigated respect psychopathological profile and cognitive deficits. Thirty-seven antipsychotic-naïve, schizophrenia (mean age...
Electroencephalography in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) may contribute to the diagnosis and treatment response prediction. Findings literature vary due small sample sizes, medication effects, variable illness duration. We studied macroscale resting-state EEG characteristics antipsychotic naïve FEP. tested (1) for differences between FEP controls, (2) if could be used classify as FEP, (3) predict medication. In total, we recordings 62 antipsychotic-naïve 106 healthy...
Facial expressions are a core aspect of non-verbal communication. Reduced emotional expressiveness the face is common negative symptom schizophrenia, however, quantifying symptoms can be clinically challenging and involves considerable element rater subjectivity. We used computer vision to investigate if (i) automated assessment facial captures as well positive general domains, (ii) assessments associated with treatment response in initially antipsychotic-naïve patients first-episode...
The growing focus in neuroimaging on analyzing brain connectivity calls for powerful and reliable statistical modeling tools. We examine the Infinite Relational Model (IRM) as a tool to identify compare structure graphs by contrasting its performance from same subject versus different subjects. inferred is most consistent between subject, however, model able predict links subjects par with results within subject. framework proposed can be used identification of quantification similarity general.
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging enables measuring the structural connectivity of human brain at a high spatial resolution. Local noisy estimates can be derived using tractography approaches and statistical models are necessary to quantify brain's salient organization. However, statistically modeling these massive datasets is computational challenging task. We develop high-performance inference procedure for infinite relational model (a prominent non-parametric Bayesian clustering...
Modern functional and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI dMRI) provide data from which macro-scale networks of structural whole brain connectivity can be estimated. Although derived these two modalities describe different properties the human brain, they emerge same underlying organization, communication is presumably mediated by connections. In this paper, we assess structure-function relationship evaluating how well predicted graphs. Using high-resolution generated with varying...
Patients with schizophrenia exhibit structural and functional dysconnectivity but the relationship to well-documented cognitive impairments is less clear. This study investigates associations between connectivity executive functions in antipsychotic-naïve patients experiencing schizophrenia. Sixty-four 95 matched controls underwent testing, diffusion weighted imaging resting state magnetic resonance imaging. In primary analyses, groupwise interactions as measured by fixel-based analyses were...
Abstract Background While several risk factors for schizophrenia have been identified, their individual impacts are rather small. The relative independent and cumulative of multiple on disease age onset warrant further investigation. Study design We conducted a register-based case–control study including all individuals receiving spectrum disorder in Denmark from 1973 to 2018 ( N = 29,142), healthy control sample matched 5:1 age, sex, parental socioeconomic status 136,387). Register data...
Modern diffusion and functional magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI/fMRI) provide non-invasive high-resolution images from which multi-layered networks of whole-brain structural connectivity can be derived. Unfortunately, the lack observed correspondence between profiles two modalities challenges understanding relationship connectome. Rather than focusing on at level connections we presently investigate in terms modular organization according to shared canonical processing units. We use a...