A5063942156- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Malaria Research and Control
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Plant chemical constituents analysis
- Sesquiterpenes and Asteraceae Studies
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
- Moringa oleifera research and applications
- Helminth infection and control
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Berberine and alkaloids research
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
2024-2025
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology
2021-2023
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
2016-2023
United States Army Medical Research Directorate - Africa
2021-2023
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2023
Kenya Forest Service
2020
Egerton University
2015
Hypoxylon lienhwacheense, a fungal species with an unclear taxonomic placement within the Hypoxylaceae, presented highly rare stromatal secondary metabolite profile. Isolation of its major constituents led to discovery novel tropolone-maleidride hybrid molecule, lienhwalide A 5, in addition known cordyanhydride B 6, new derivative 7, and binaphthalenetetraol 8. Unexpectedly, H. lienhwacheense produced liquid cultures various congeners 9-11. Their structures relative configurations were...
Anopheles arabiensis and A. gambiae (sensu stricto) are the most prolific Afrotropical malaria vectors. Population control efforts of these two vectors have been hampered by extremely diverse larval breeding sites widespread resistance to currently available insecticides. Control mosquito stages using bioactive compounds plant origin has potential suppress vector populations leading concomitant reduction in disease transmission rates. In this study, we evaluated efficacy Camellia sinensis...
Abstract Objectives We and others have shown that Aspilia pluriseta is associated with various biological activities. However, there a lack of information on its cytotoxicity. This has created an gap about the safety A. extracts. As extension to our recent publication antimicrobial activity phytochemical characterization root extracts, here we report cytotoxicity tested solvent fractions. evaluated potential these extract fractions Vero cell lines by...
Anaplasmosis, caused by infection with bacteria of the genus Anaplasma , is an important veterinary and zoonotic disease. Transmission ticks has been characterized but little known about non-tick vectors livestock anaplasmosis. This study investigated presence spp. in camels northern Kenya whether hematophagous camel ked, Hippobosca camelina acts as a vector. Camels ( n = 976) > 10,000 keds were sampled over three-year period species was determined PCR-based assays targeting...
Aspilia pluriseta is associated with various bioactivities, although limited scientific justification. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity, and characterized phytochemicals of root extracts A. aimed at validating its therapeutic potential. We used BACTEC MGIT™ 960 system to test for antitubercular disc-diffusion together microdilution method evaluate activities qualitative phytochemical tests gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis determine that activity....
Vector control remains the mainstay to effective malaria management. The negative implications following persistent application of synthetic insecticides geared towards regulation mosquito populations have necessitated prospection for ecofriendly chemistries. Plant-derived compounds potential malaria-transmitting populations. Previously, Agerantum conyzoides extracts demonstrated toxicity effects on disease-transmitting mosquitoes. However, their efficacy in controlling Afrotropical vectors...
Abstract Background African animal trypanosomosis is becoming prevalent beyond its traditionally defined geographical boundaries and a threat to animals the tsetse belts in outside Africa. However, knowledge of infections with clinically important trypanosome species their diversity among field-collected hematophagous biting flies domestic limited mainly mammalian hosts tsetse-infested areas. This study aimed examine presence trypanosomes both belt northern Kenya, potential mechanical vector...
Nematode-associated fungi revealed the potential to produce a broad spectrum of chemical scaffolds. In this study, mycelial extract Laburnicola nematophila, fungal strain derived from cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi, was chemically explored and afforded six unprecedentedly reported acylic N-acetyl oligopeptides, laburnicotides A–F (1–6). Structure elucidation isolated compounds established based on comprehensive 1D 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses together with acquired HR-ESI-MS...
Olfaction is orchestrated at different stages and involves various proteins each step. For example, odorant-binding (OBPs) are soluble found in sensillum lymph that might encounter odorants before reaching the odorant receptors. In tsetse flies, function of OBPs olfaction less understood. Here, we investigated role Glossina fuscipes olfaction, main vector sleeping sickness, using multidisciplinary approaches. Our tissue expression study demonstrated GffLush was conserved legs antenna both...
Aim: Schistosoma mansoni is a parasite of medical importance because it the causative agent intestinal schistosomiasis. The present study was designed to assess in vivo antischistosomal effects methanolic extracts three food plants: Apple (Malus domestica), Lemon (Citrus limon) Original Research Article Muema et al.; EJMP, 9(1): 1-11, 2015; no.EJMP.16953 2 and Onion (Allium cepa) on Swiss Albino mice infected with mansoni. Study Design: albino were randomized into groups five for plant...
Successful optimization of plant-derived compounds into control nuisance insects would benefit from scientifically validated targets. However, the close association between genotypic responses and physiological toxicity effects mediated by these remains underexplored. In this study, we evaluated sublethal dose proanthocyanidins (PAs) sourced green tea (Camellia sinensis) on life history traits Anopheles gambiae (sensu stricto) mosquitoes with an aim to unravel probable molecular Based...
<ns4:p>Mosquitoes play a predominant role as leading agents in the spread of vector-borne diseases and consequent mortality humans. Despite reports on increase new recurrent mosquito borne-disease outbreaks such chikungunya, dengue fever Rift Valley Kenya, little is known about genetic characteristics diversity vector species that have been incriminated transmission disease pathogens. In this study, were collected from Kisumu city, Kilifi town Nairobi city we determined their phylogenetic...
<ns4:p>Mosquitoes play a predominant role as leading agents in the spread of vector-borne diseases and consequent mortality humans. Despite reports on increase new recurrent mosquito borne-disease outbreaks such chikungunya, dengue fever Rift valley Kenya little is known about genetic characteristics diversity vector species that have been incriminated transmission disease pathogens. In this study, we identified across Kisumu, Kilifi Nairobi Counties determined their phylogenetic...
Abstract Objectives: We and others have shown that Aspilia pluriseta is associated with various biological activities. However, there a lack of information on A. cytotoxicity. This has created an gap about the safety extracts. As extension to our recent publication antimicrobial activity phytochemicals characterization root extracts, here we report missing data cytotoxicity tested evaluated potential extracts Vero cell lines by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide...
The unmet demand for effective malaria transmission-blocking agents targeting the transmissible stages of Plasmodium necessitates intensive discovery efforts. In this study, a bioactive bisbenzylisoquinoline (BBIQ), isoliensinine, from Cissampelos pariera (Menispermaceae) rhizomes was identified and characterized its anti-malarial activity.Malaria SYBR Green I fluorescence assay performed to evaluate in vitro antimalarial activity against D6, Dd2, F32-ART5 clones, immediate ex vivo (IEV)...
Abstract Anaplasmosis, caused by infection with bacteria of the genus Anaplasma is an important veterinary and zoonotic disease. The characterization transmission has concentrated on ticks little known about non-tick vectors livestock anaplasmosis. This study investigated presence spp. in camels northern Kenya whether hematophagous camel ked, Hippobosca camelina , acts as a vector. Camels ( n = 976) > 10,000 keds were sampled over three-year period species was determined PCR-based assays...
Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are endemic to specific regions due the ecological preferences of phlebotomine sand flies Leishmania spp. transmission. Sand fly entomological data in northern Kenya scarce limited studies neglect leishmaniasis. The aim this study was investigate: (i) diversity distribution; (ii) occurrence DNA within flies; (iii) blood-meal sources Laisamis, Kenya. We conducted an survey during February March 2021 five areas Laisamis sub-county using standard CDC light...
Abstract Background : Intracellular effects exerted by phytochemicals eliciting insect growth-reducing responses during vector control intervention remain largely underexplored. We studied the of Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. (Rutaceae) (ZCE) root derivatives against malaria ( Anopheles gambiae ) and arbovirus Aedes aegypti larvae to decipher possible molecular targets. Results: report dose-dependent biphasic on larval response, with transient exposure ZCE its bioactive fraction (ZCFr.5)...