The band-gap energy (Eg) of metalorganic vapor phase epitaxially (MOVPE) grown Ga0.5In0.5P lattice matched to (001) GaAs is presented as a function wide range V/III ratios and growth temperatures. Photoluminescence, Raman scattering spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, impurity diffusion were used investigate this functional relationship. Two pieces evidence are shown which demonstrate that MOVPE epitaxial layers with ‘‘abnormal’’ Eg∼1.85 eV ‘‘normal’’ Eg∼1.9 correspond an ordered...

Room-temperature continuous-wave (CW) operation of (Al0.4Ga0.6)0.5In0.5P/Ga0.5In0.5P/(Al0.4Ga0.6)0.5In0.5P double-heterostructure visible semiconductor lasers has been achieved for the first time. CW is obtained up to 50° C. The threshold current at 25° C mA (4.1 kA/cm2). lasing wavelength 689.7 nm.

The interaction of an ultrashort intense laser pulse with thin foil targets is accompanied by the acceleration ions from target surface. To make this ion source suitable for application, it particular importance to increase efficiency energy transformation into accelerated and maximum energy. This can be achieved using a microscopic structure on front, laser-irradiated influence surface subsequent studied here numerical simulations. shape size microstructure, density profile incidence angle...

It was discovered that optical vortices twist isotropic and homogenous materials, e.g., azo-polymer films to form spiral structures on a nano- or micro-scale. However, the formation mechanism has not yet been established theoretically. To understand of surface relief in film, we theoretically investigate radiation force induced an homogeneous material under irradiation using continuous-wave vortex with arbitrary topological charge polarization. is revealed requires positive (negative) spin...

In this review paper on heavy ion inertial fusion (HIF), the state-of-the-art scientific results are presented and discussed HIF physics, including physics of beam (HIB) transport in a reactor, HIBs-ion illumination direct-drive fuel target, target uniformity implosion, smoothing mechanisms implosion non-uniformity robust implosion. The HIB has remarkable preferable features to release energy fusion: particle accelerators HIBs generated with high driver efficiency ∼30%–40%, ions deposit...

Improvement of energy-conversion efficiency from laser to proton beam is demonstrated by particle simulations in a laser-foil interaction. When an intense short-pulse illuminates the thin-foil target, foil electrons are accelerated around target ponderomotive force. The hot generate strong electric field, which accelerates protons, and generated. In this paper multihole proposed order increase protons. multiholes transpiercing help enhance laser-proton significantly. Particle-in-cell...

The generation of terahertz (THz) radiation based on tunnel ionization a gas jet is analytically investigated when two superposed short pulse lasers with finite initial phase difference are focused to it after passing through an axicon. between these plays important role for the optimization rate ionization, evolution plasma density, and subsequently residual current due dipole oscillations. directionality emitted THz can be controlled by tuning laser pulses. Since nonuniform produced during...

It is shown by simulations that terahertz (THz) radiation can be produced more efficiently a mid-infrared laser pulse from gas target. The THz amplitude enhanced 35 times as the wavelength increases 1 μm to 4 μm; at 10(15) W cm(-2) produces 5 MV/cm radiation. changes oscillatingly with increasing intensity for given wavelength. In addition, threshold emission lower longer

Sunlight-like lasers that have a continuous broad frequency spectrum, random phase and polarization are formulated theoretically. With sunlight-like laser beam consisting of sequence temporal speckles, the resonant three-wave coupling underlies parametric instabilities in laser–plasma interactions can be greatly degraded owing to limited duration each speckle shift between two adjacent speckles. The wave further weakened by such beams. Numerical simulations demonstrate intensity threshold...

Fast electrons generated in ultra-intense laser interaction with a solid target can produce multi-MeV ions from laser-induced plasmas. These fast have different applications ranging ion implantation to nuclear reactions. The most important parameter is the efficiency of production. An analytical model and particle-in-cell simulations were employed examine acceleration mechanisms that provide an optimal plasma density distribution due prepulse. We considered leaving layer gradients, step-like...

The effect of the nonuniform implosion ICF target on fusion parameters is investigated numerically. numerical analysis carried out by using a three-dimensional particle in cell code with sliding grids. results show that nonuniformity acceleration required to be less than few percent for pellet reactor size.

AlGaInP double heterostructure laser diodes with a GaInP active layer constitute basic structure for visible-light lasers using an alloy system. This paper gives detailed description of (Al <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> Ga xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> ) xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.5</inf> In P metalorganic vapor phase epitaxial growth, laser-fabrication processes, and...

Abstract Laser interactions with mass-limited targets are studied here via numerical simulations using our relativistic electromagnetic two-dimensional particle-in cell code including all three-velocity components. Analytical estimates derived to clarify the simulation results. Mass-limited preclude undesirable spread of absorbed laser energy out interaction zone. targets, such as droplets, shown enhance achievable fast ion significantly due an increase in hot electron concentration. For...

Nanoscale polymer movement is induced by a tightly focused laser beam in an azo-polymer film just at the diffraction limit of light. The deformation pattern that produced photoisomerization azo dye strongly dependent on incident polarization and longitudinal focus position along optical axis. anisotropic photo-fluidity gradient force played important roles light movement. We also explored limits size photo-induced deformation, we found depends intensity exposure time. smallest achieved was...

It is shown by analysis and simulations that an extremely powerful terahertz (THz) radiation can be produced a few-cycle laser pulse in tenuous plasma. The THz amplitude scales linearly with the as well sine of carrier-envelope phase, particular, it increases exponentially decrease duration. For example, near 2 orders magnitude duration decreases from one half cycles to cycle; single-cycle 200 TW drive 1 GW energy conversion efficiency higher than 10−4.

This paper presents a method based on the use of an image sensor for obtaining complex amplitudes beams diffracted from object at two different wavelengths. The amplitude each wavelength is extracted by Doppler phase-shifting method. principle underlying proposed experimentally verified using with lasers having wavelengths to measure surface shape concave mirror.

In this paper, suppression of a transverse proton divergence is focused by using controlled electron cloud. When an intense short pulse laser illuminates foil plasma target, first electrons are accelerated and they form strong electrostatic field at the target surface, then ions field. has hole opposite side illumination, cloud limited in direction neutral protuberant part. The beam also shaped cloud, consequently suppressed. 2.5-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, shape well...

A single-particle computation, simple analysis, and a particle simulation show that energy gain of an electron in vacuum is possible using laser with weak perpendicular static electric field (${\mathit{E}}_{\mathrm{app}}$). This system does not need any structure to accelerate the electron. If ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathrm{app}}$=0 will just oscillate, no net acceleration because symmetry laser's electromagnetic wave space time. The breaks so accelerated both half wavelengths wave.

In the paper Phys. Plasmas 18, 092705 (2011), dynamic stabilization mechanism for Rayleigh-Taylor instability was discussed together with another migration mechanism, which we proposed and is further in a more general way this paper. general, perturbation of physical quantity would feature onset. Normally, phase unknown, so that growth rate. However, if known, can be controlled by superposition perturbations; most well-known feedback control to compensate displacement or distortion quantity....

In this Letter, the principle of polarization holography for recording an arbitrary vector wave on a thin polarization-sensitive medium is proposed. It analytically shown that complex amplitudes p- and s-polarization components are simultaneously recorded independently reconstructed by using s-polarized reference beam. The characteristics experimentally verified.

We studied the mechanism of electron acceleration by a chirped laser pulse. found that, because chirp effect, region exists where wave phase experienced varies slowly, so that can be accelerated for long time. The is different to capture and scenario, although both them have main stage in which electrons are trapped periods.

We study the high-energy (1-4 MeV) proton production from a slab plasma irradiated by ultrashort high-power laser. In our 2.5-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, p-polarized laser beam of 1.6 x 10(19) W/cm(2), 300 fs, lambda(L)=1.053 microm, illuminates normally; consists hydrogen plasma, and target thickness spot size are 2.5lambda(L) 5lambda(L), respectively. The simulation results show that an emitted energy depends on density, three kinds beams generated at surfaces: one kind is...