The available fossil evidence for the ecology of terrestrial arthropods in Paleozoic is reviewed and reinterpreted. Some original data are provided, derived mainly from detailed morphology mouthparts, genitalia, cuticular vestiture, body form. chelicerates were more diverse than their modern descendants probably dominant ground-level arboreal predators. Web-building spiders highly diversified mites appear to have been absent. myriapods include possibly earliest land animals, as abundant...

A new fossil site near Gilboa, New York, is one of only three where fossils terrestrial arthropods Devonian age have been found. The Gilboan fauna younger than the other two but richer in taxa. Fragmentary remains and nearly whole specimens assigned to Eurypterida, Arachnida (Trigonotarbida, Araneae, Amblypygi, Acari), Chilopoda [Craterostigmatomorpha(?) Scuterigeromorpha(?)], tentatively Insecta (Archaeognatha) centipedes possible insects may represent earliest records known for these groups.

The ischyropsalidoid genus Taracus Simon 1879 is reviewed and all previously named species are redescribed. nigripes Goodnight & Goodnight, 1943 synonymized with T. packardi 1879, malkini 1945 Oskoron spinosus (Banks) 1894; the type locality of gertschi 1942 corrected from "eastern Oregon" to Rose Lake, Idaho, based on original labelling. following new described: carmanah (Vancouver Island), marchingtoni (Oregon), taylori, spesavius (both Nevada), timpanogos (Utah), audisioae, ubicki,...

A new species of long-jawed harvestman, Taracus aspenae n. sp. is described from Catherine Creek Ice Cave, near Le Grande, Union Co., Oregon, USA. The closest to T. pallipes (Banks, 1894) and distinct the likely sympatric gertschi Goodnight Goodnight, 1942.

Cyrtodesmus baerti, n. sp., previously reported from the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, as is described, together with notes on systematics, natural history and morphology of cyrotdesmid millipedes.

The center of diversity for the chordeumatidan millipede family Conotylidae is northwestern North America, where five six subfamilies and ten fourteen previously described genera occur; in this paper, seven additional new 33 species from region are described. New genus Taiyutyla Chamberlin, 1952 are: tillamook, acuphora, amicitia; Bollmanella 1941: bombus, washingtonensis leonardi; Brunsonia Loomis & Schmitt, 1971: pulchra, digitata, wenatchee, chelanoparva, chelanomagna, selwayana...

The significant taxonomic characters of the millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1888 are discussed. monotypic genus Vaferaria Causey, 1958 is synonymized under Amplaria Chamberlin, 1941, giving new combination imberbis (Loomis, 1936). genera Striaria and assigned to subfamily Striariinae. A subfamily, Trisariinae, established that presently includes only Trisaria genus, with three species: rex, T. olympia washingtonensis. species endemic western Washington state, USA.

The millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin, 1941 (senior synonym of Vaferaria Causey, 1958 and Speostriaria 1960) is endemic to western North America, from Mt. Palomar San Luis Obispo, California, north southwestern British Columbia, Canada, east northern Idaho. Seven species names are currently assigned the genus. Below I describe ten additional new species: crawfordi, fontinalis, rykkenae, arcata, baughi, staceyi, umatilla, cervus, mendocino flucticulus, provide records nazinta Chamberlin.

Abstract The name “millipede” translates to a thousand feet (from mille “thousand” and pes “foot”). However, no millipede has ever been described with more than 750 legs. We discovered new record-setting species of 1,306 legs, Eumillipes persephone , from Western Australia. This diminutive animal (0.95 mm wide, 95.7 long) 330 segments, cone-shaped head enormous antennae, beak for feeding. A distant relative the previous record holder, Illacme plenipes California, it belongs different order,...

Fourteen oribatid mite fossils have been recovered from a terrestrial Devonian deposit near Gilboa, New York; they allow an approximate doubling of the known age group. Two species are represented by specimens complete enough to descriptions. Protochthonius gilboa n. gen. and sp. is earliest derivative member Enarthronota, comprises monobasic new family Protochthoniidae. Devonacarus sellnicki also represents family, Devonacaridae; it may be early enarthronote mite, but its relationships...

A nearly complete spider spinneret was found in Middle Devonian rocks (about 385 to 380 million years old) near Gilboa, New York. This is the earliest evidence yet discovered for silk production from opisthosomal spigots, and therefore spiders. Two previously known fossils described as spiders lack any apomorphies of order Araneae are probably not The spigots resemble those members living suborder Mesothelae, but number their distribution like Opisthothelae, infraorder Mygalomorphae....

Silk production from opisthosomal glands is a defining characteristic of spiders (Araneae). emerges spigots (modified setae) borne on spinnerets appendages). Spigots Attercopus fimbriunguis , Middle Devonian (386 Ma) strata Gilboa, New York, were described in 1989 as evidence for the oldest spider and first use silk by animals. Slightly younger (374 material South Mountain, conspecific with A. includes other that elucidate evolution early Araneae origin silk. No known spigots, including...

Dobrodesmus mirabilis n. gen., sp. is described from a limestone cave in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The new species unique among millipedes order Polydesmida having 39+t rings adult males, two rather than four spinnerets, and its highly plesiomorphic gonopods, which resemble those basal members orders Callipodida Stemmiulida. presence 39 notable because Polydesmida, most rich (>5000 spp.) normally stop development at 19+t rings. Because these characters, D. basis for proposal family...

Urochordeumatidae Silvestri, 1909 includes a single species, Urochordeuma bumpusi 1909, with U. porona Chamberlin, 1941 as new junior subjective synonym. The family is removed from the superfamily Caseyoidea and transferred to Striarioidea. species known only four counties in Washington State North Cascades: Pierce, King, Thurston Whatcom. occurrence of Whatcom County significant range extension.

Speleopsobius weaveri, n. gen., sp., is described from lava tubes in southern Idaho, USA. The new taxon, and species of the genera Buethobius Chamberlin, 1911 its probable synonym Yobius 1945, are members family Anopsobiidae, not previously reported North America. All known Henicopidae Anopsobiidae America north México listed briefly noted, along with all anopsobiids northern hemisphere. Anopsobiella dawidoffi Attems, 1938 (Vietnam) likely a member Anopsobiidae.

The identity of Polyesmus cavicola Packard, 1877, described from a cave in Utah, is clarified through examination female lectotype and newly collected adult male. species placed the family Macrosternodesmidae designated as type Packardesmus, n. gen.