Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Neuroinflammation induced over-activation microglia leads to death pathogenesis PD. Therefore, downregulation microglial activation may aid treatment Polydatin (PLD) has been reported pass through blood-brain barrier and protect against motor degeneration SN. However, molecular mechanisms underlying effects PLD PD remain unclear. The present study aimed...

The neuroprotective effects of Licochalcone A (Lico.A), a flavonoid isolated from the herb licorice, in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have not been elucidated. prominent pathological feature PD is loss dopaminergic neurons. crucial role neuroinflammation induced by activated microglia neurodegeneration has validated. In this study, we explore therapeutic Lico.A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced models vivo and vitro. We find that significantly inhibits LPS-stimulated production pro-inflammatory...

Microglia, proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes immune cells in the brain, has function of phagocytosis foreign bodies central nervous system. Overactivated microglia causes production a large number neurotoxic factors, which cause neuroinflammatory response then result brain disorders. Inflammatory plays crucial part pathophysiology many psychiatric neurological diseases. It been demonstrated that inhibiting phenotype enhancing provide an underlying therapeutic tactics for...

Microglia, the main immune cells in brain, participate innate response central nervous system (CNS). Studies have shown that microglia can be polarized into pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Accumulated evidence suggests over-activated release mediators damage neurons lead to Parkinson’s disease (PD). In contrast, neuroprotective factors exert effects of neuroprotection. Camptothecin (CPT), an extract plant Camptotheca acuminate , has been reported anti-inflammation...

Phlorizin (PHZ) is the main active component of apple peel and presents a potential application value. In past few years, some reports have suggested that PHZ may antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we attempted to assess protective effects on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice determine underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results early intervention with (20, 40, 80 mg/kg) significantly reduced severity DSS-induced mice, as presented by longer colon, improved...

Previous studies have shown a close association between an altered immune system and Parkinson's disease (PD). Neuroinflammation inhibition may be effective measure to prevent PD. Recently, numerous reports highlighted the potential of hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2) in inflammation-related diseases. Notably, role HCA2 neurodegenerative diseases is also becoming more widely known. However, its exact mechanism PD remain investigated. Nicotinic (NA) one crucial ligands HCA2,...

Neuroinflammation plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). After activation, microglia produce pro-inflammatory mediators that damage surrounding neurons. Consequently, inhibition microglial activation might represent new therapeutic approach PD. Vanillin has been shown to protect dopaminergic neurons, but mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we further study underlying mechanisms lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD models. In vivo, firstly established rat...

Accumulating evidence has shown that activated microglia cause inflammatory immune response, which could lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. α-Cyperone, one of the main ingredients Cyperus rotundus oil, been reported possess anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages. In this study, we found α-cyperone markedly decreased production tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) interleukin-1β (IL-1β) LPS-induced BV-2 cells. Moreover,...

The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) often involves the over-activation microglia. Over-activated microglia could produce several inflammatory mediators, which trigger excessive inflammation and ultimately cause dopaminergic neuron damage. Anti-inflammatory effects glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) in periphery have been shown. Nonetheless, it has not illustrated brain. Thus, this study, we aimed to understand role GLP-2 activation elucidate underlying mechanisms. BV-2 cells were...

Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes that oxidize a 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to yield 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) have been responsible for fine-tuning methylation patterns and exhibit role in epigenetic modifications. Chrysin, natural flavone frequently present honey, has recognized anti-tumor properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of Chrysin expression pattern TET proteins gastric cancer (GC) cells.Using qRT-PCR Western blot analysis, analyzed TET1 GC cells vitro...

α-Cyperone, extracted from Cyperus rotundus, has been reported to inhibit microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Oxidative stress and apoptosis play crucial roles in the course of Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is a common neurodegenerative characterized by selective death dopaminergic neurons. This study was designed investigate neuroprotective effects α-cyperone against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Neurotoxicity assessed MTT assay measurement lactic...

Ulcerative colitis (UC), one of the foremost common forms inflammatory bowel disease, poses a serious threat to human health. Currently, safe and effective treatments are not available. This study investigated protective effect ginkgolide C (GC), terpene lactone extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaves, on UC its underlying mechanism. The results showed that GC remarkably mitigated severity DSS-induced in mice, as demonstrated by decreased body weight loss, reduced disease activity index, tissue...

Background/Aims: GLP-2 has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remained undefined. As macrophages are important in development and maintenance of inflammation, we investigated whether exogenous modulates expression pro-inflammatory proteins LPS stimulated murine peritoneal macrophages. Methods: Macrophages were pretreated with various concentrations for 1 h then LPS. The effects on enzymes (iNOS COX-2), cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1ß IL-6) analysed...

Neuroinflammation, characterized marked by microglial activation, plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Upon pro-inflammatory mediators are produced microglia, triggering excessive inflammatory responses and ultimately damaging dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, identification agents that inhibit neuroinflammation may be an effective approach for developing novel treatments PD. In this study, we sought to investigate whether peiminine protects neurons...

Abstract Background Galangin has been extensively studied as the antitumor agent in various cancers. However, effect of galangin hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. Methods Using RNA sequencing, differential expression lncRNA human HCC cell line with highly metastatic potential (MHCC97H) cells treated was investigated. Furthermore, H19 pattern also determined MHCC97H following treatment galangin. In addition, knockdown and overexpression performed to analyze on apoptosis, cycle,...

Abstract Paeonol (2′‐hydroxy‐4′‐methoxyacetophenone) is the main phenolic compound of radix Paeonia suffruticosa which has been used as traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, we primarily investigated anti‐inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms paeonol in RAW macrophage cells; based on these effects, assessed protective lipopolysaccharide‐induced endotoxemia mice. The vitro study showed that regulated production TNF ‐α, IL ‐1β, ‐6, ‐10 via inactivation IκBα, ERK 1/2, JNK , p38...