The gut microbiota is reported to be related obesity, and visceral fat strongly associated with cardiovascular disease overall mortality. However, the association between obesity has mainly been studied using body mass index (BMI) as a proxy for obesity. We investigated relationship of both BMI stratified by sex in population-based cross-sectional study Japanese men women 20-76 years age (n = 1001). Women higher area (VFA) harboured relative abundance Firmicutes phylum (P trend <0.001) lower...

We and others (1–9) have shown that the accumulation of visceral fat is associated with multiple risk factor syndrome more closely than BMI itself or amount subcutaneous fat. In these studies, computed tomography (CT) scan at umbilical level (10) was used for assessment area (VFA). However, method not cost-effective and/or radiation exposure problematic; thus, it often unsuitable screening large groups individuals. There a need simple noninvasive to assess accumulation. The bioelectrical...

Abstract Purpose: The RNA interference effect is an alternative to antisense DNA as experimental method of down-regulating a specific target protein. Although the effect, which mediated by small interfering (siRNA) or micro-RNA, has potential application human therapy, hydrodynamic usually used for rapid administration oligonucleotides unsuitable use in humans. In this study, we have investigated antitumor activity synthetic siRNA, B717, sequence bcl-2 oncogene, complexed with novel cationic...

Although total fat body mass (FM) is considered to be one of the major determinants bone mass, mechanism by which FM and are positively correlated remains unclear. Leptin, product obese (ob) gene, secreted from adipocytes its plasma levels known with %fat (FM divided weight). There recent evidence suggesting that leptin directly stimulates osteoblastic differentiation. Thus it possible anabolic action this hormone on may participate in positive correlation between mass. In study, we analysed...

Intestinal microflora has been associated with obesity. While visceral fat is more strongly cardiovascular disorder, a complication linked to obesity, than the body mass index (BMI), association between intestinal and obesity (as defined in terms of BMI) studied widely. However, link area (VFA) little studied. In this study, we investigate VFA BMI using longitudinal study on Japanese subjects different statuses (N = 767). Principal component analysis changes composition over one-year period...

It is well known that hemiplegia frequently observed in cerebral ischemia. important for the pathophysiologic study and development of drug therapies to establish a precise method investigating impairment motor function with animal models. To develop quantitative objective evaluating function, we examined an inclined plane test after chronic focal ischemia rat. Standard scoring neurologic deficits has limitations, including problems quantification objectivity. The purpose this was novel...

The components of roasted or green coffee beans that promote abdominal fat reduction are not clear. We investigated the effects daily consumption enriched in chlorogenic acids (CGA) on area a randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled trial. Healthy, overweight men and women (n = 150, body mass index (BMI) ≥25 to &lt;30 kg/m2) were randomly allocated high-CGA (369 mg CGA/serving) control (35 groups. Instant was consumed once for 12 weeks, with four-week pre- post-observation periods....

Epidemiologic studies show that the risk of diabetes can be reduced by ingesting green tea or coffee. Previous have shown simultaneously taking catechins (GTC) and coffee chlorogenic acid (CCA) alters postprandial gastrointestinal hormones secretion improves insulin sensitivity. However, there is no evidence on acute effects GTC CCA incretin blood glucose, respective dose polyphenols. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, we examined effective insulin,...

The recent explosion in genome sequencing has revealed the great diversity of cadherin superfamily. Within superfamily, protocadherins, which are expressed mainly nervous system, constitute largest subgroup. Nevertheless, structures only classical cadherins known. Thus, to broaden our understanding adhesion repertoire we determined structure N-terminal first extracellular domain cadherin-related neuronal receptor/protocadherin-alpha4. hydrophobic pocket essential for homophilic adhesiveness...

Catechins, phytochemicals contained mainly in green tea, exhibit antiviral activity against various acute infectious diseases experimentally. Clinical evidence supporting these effects, however, is not conclusive. We performed a placebo-controlled, single-blind, randomized control trial to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of consumption catechins-containing beverage for preventing upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). Two hundred and seventy healthcare workers were randomly...

Epidemiologic studies have revealed that consuming green tea or coffee reduces diabetes risk. We evaluated the effects of combined consumption catechins and chlorogenic acids (GTC+CCA) on postprandial glucose, insulin incretin response, sensitivity. Eleven healthy men were recruited for this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial. The participants consumed a GTC+CCA-enriched beverage (620 mg GTC, 373 CCA, 119 caffeine/day) three weeks; placebo beverages (PLA)...

The authors investigated the impairment of spatial cognitive performance in rats with chronic focal cerebral ischemia using Morris maze, and examined correlation between this deficit other behavioral changes, such as step-through latency passive avoidance task neurologic score, or pathologic changes. focused on relationship damaged brain region affected learning behavior. In maze at 8 weeks after middle artery (MCA) occlusion, escape latency, swimming path length, percent time spent goal...

Visceral fat accumulation is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. a causal hypertension type 2 diabetes, which was reported as one of the factors dementia. areas (VFA) might be clinically important to prevent dementia; however, association between VFA cognitive function in elderly remains unknown. We aimed evaluate brain structural abnormalities using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) VFA, elderly. A total 2364 healthy individuals were enrolled, we excluded...

Although the Asian population exhibits excessive sedentary behaviour and has a high susceptibility to metabolic syndrome (MetS), nature of these associations remains unclear. This study aimed investigate association time with cardiometabolic health examine reallocating light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-vigorous (MVPA) on in Japanese adults. A cross-sectional was performed using data obtained from 758 We assessed time, LPA, MVPA an accelerometer. Linear logistic regression models were...

Abstract Background Several studies have reported that the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has increased sedentary behaviour and obesity; however, these analyses used self-reported data, association between visceral fat adipocytokines during COVID-19 remains unclear. We aimed to investigate of with objectively measured obesity-related factors. Methods Longitudinal analysis was conducted on 257 Japanese participants who underwent health check-ups in 2018 before 2020 pandemic. For both...

Chitinase C from Streptomyces griseus HUT6037 was discovered as the first bacterial chitinase in family 19 other than chitinases found higher plants. comprises two domains: a chitin-binding domain (ChBDChiC) for attachment to chitin and chitin-catalytic digesting chitin. The structure of ChBDChiC determined by means 13C-, 15N-, 1H-resonance nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. conformation its backbone comprised β-sheets composed three antiparallel β-strands, respectively, this...

: High visceral fat area (VFA) is a stronger predictor of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality than body mass index or waist circumference. VFA may be decreased by proper dietary habits. Although previous epidemiologic studies demonstrated an association between nutritional components foodstuffs VFA, only the associations few nutrients, such as fiber calcium, are reported. We performed comprehensive 2-year longitudinal study in more 624 healthy people analyzed 33 micronutrients to...

Vitamin K is known to mediate carboxylation of glutamyl residues osteocalcin. We evaluated the effects vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) treatment (45 mg/day) for 48 weeks on markers bone formation and resorption, mineral density (BMD), incidence vertebral fractures in 34 Japanese postmenopausal women (aged 48-82 years). Serum levels alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased gradually became significant at after menatetrenone treatment, while urinary excretion deoxypyridinoline (DPD) decreased...