A5003811637- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Disaster Response and Management
- Health and Medical Studies
- Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies
- Leprosy Research and Treatment
- Whipple's Disease and Interleukins
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Consumer behavior in food and health
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Medical History and Research
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
Sokoine University of Agriculture
2018-2023
Eduardo Mondlane University
2023
Robert Koch Institute
2011-2020
University of Antwerp
2020
Imation (United States)
2016
World Health Organization - Pakistan
2015
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2015
Hyattsville Community Development Corporation
2015
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2014
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2012
The risk of tuberculosis outbreaks among people fleeing hardship for refuge in Europe is heightened. We describe the cross-border European response to an outbreak multidrug-resistant patients from Horn Africa and Sudan.On April 29 May 30, 2016, Swiss German National Mycobacterial Reference Laboratories independently triggered investigation after four were diagnosed with tuberculosis. In this molecular epidemiological study, we prospectively defined cases 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed...
Background The ongoing West African Ebola epidemic began in December 2013 Guinea, probably from a single zoonotic introduction. As result of ineffective initial control efforts, an outbreak unprecedented scale emerged. 4 May 2015, it had resulted more than 19,000 probable and confirmed cases, mainly Guinea (3,529), Liberia (5,343), Sierra Leone (10,746). Here, we present analyses data collected during the identifying drivers transmission highlighting areas where could be improved. Methods...
The spread of infectious disease is determined by biological factors, e.g. the duration period, and social arrangement potentially contagious contacts. Repetitiveness clustering contacts are known to be relevant factors influencing transmission droplet or contact transmitted diseases. However, we do not yet completely know under what conditions repetitiveness should included for realistically modelling spread. We compare two different types individual-based models: One assumes random mixing...
Tuberculosis (TB) surveillance commonly focuses on pulmonary (PTB) where the main organ affected is lung. This might lead to underestimate extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) forms, in addition lung other sites are by TB. In Germany, notification data provide site and secondary of disease. To gain an overview all different EPTB we analysed German between 2002 2009 using information both disease describe individual forms. Further, assessed factors associated with meningitis multivariable logistic...
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Tuberculosis (TB) still presents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), including those on antiretroviral therapy. In this study, we aimed to determine the long-term incidence density rate (IDR) TB risk factors PLWHA in relation combination therapy (cART)-status. Data enrolled from 2001 through 2011 German ClinSurv HIV Cohort were investigated using survival analysis Cox regression. was diagnosed 233/11,693 either at enrollment (N = 62) or...
Monitoring the treatment outcome (TO) of tuberculosis (TB) is essential to evaluate effectiveness intervention and identify potential barriers for TB control. The global target reach a success rate (TSR) at least 85%. We aimed assess TO in European Union Economic Area (EU/EEA) between 2002 2011, factors associated with unsuccessful treatment. Only 18 countries reported information on whole observation period accounting 250,854 new culture-confirmed pulmonary cases. 85% TSR was not reached...
Introduction: Isoniazid (INH) is an essential drug for tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Resistance to INH may increase the likelihood of negative treatment outcome. Aim: We aimed determine impact mono-resistance on TB outcome in European Union/European Economic Area and identify risk factors unsuccessful cases with mono-resistant TB. Methods: In this observational study, we retrospectively analysed that were diagnosed 2002–14 included Surveillance System (TESSy). Multilevel logistic regression...
Background In Western Europe, migrants constitute an important risk group for tuberculosis, but little is known about successive generations of migrants. We aimed to characterize migration among tuberculosis cases in Berlin and estimate annual rates two subsequent migrant generations. hypothesized that second generation born Germany are at higher compared native (non-migrant) residents. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. All reported health authorities between 11/2010...
<h3>Background</h3> The quality of care for patients with TB in Eastern Europe has improved significantly; nevertheless drug resistance rates remain high. We analysed survival a cohort multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant (MDR-/XDR-) from Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia Bucharest city. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive adult new retreatment culture-confirmed pulmonary MDR-TB registered treatment 2009 (and 2007 Latvia) were enrolled; prospective information was collected. <h3>Results</h3>...
Abstract In a hospital-based observational study in Germany, we investigated children admitted to pediatric intensive care units and deaths caused by confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 identify risk factors outcomes critically ill children. Ninety-three were eligible for our study, including 9 with hospital-acquired infections. Seventy-five percent had underlying chronic medical conditions; neurodevelopmental disorders most prevalent (57%). The proportion of patients having >1 factor increased...
Molecular surveillance of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) using 24-loci MIRU-VNTR in the European Union suggests occurrence international transmission. In early 2014, Austria detected a molecular MDR-TB cluster five isolates. Links to Romania and Germany prompted three countries investigate possible cross-border transmission jointly. We searched genotyping databases, genotyped additional isolates from Romania, used whole genome sequencing (WGS) infer putative links, investigated...
Ongoing economic losses by and exposure of humans to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in poultry flocks across Asia parts Africa Europe motivate also outbreak-free countries such as Switzerland invest preparedness planning. Country-specific population data on between-farm contacts are required anticipate probable patterns pathogen spread. Information is scarce; particular how strongly small, non-commercial farms involved contacts. We aimed identify interest for HPAI spread at both...
Background Germany has a low tuberculosis (TB) incidence. A relevant and increasing proportion of TB cases is diagnosed among asylum seekers upon screening. Aim: We aimed to assess whether identified by screening had equally successful completely reported treatment outcomes as passive case finding contact tracing in the general population. Methods: analysed characteristics pulmonary notified between 2002 2014, stratified mode finding. performed three multivariable analyses with different...
Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV comorbidity is a major challenge in TB prevention control but difficult to assess Germany as other countries, where data confidentiality precludes notifying the status of patients. We aimed estimate HIV-prevalence patients Germany, 2002-2009, characterize HIV/TB demographically. Data from long-term observational open multicentre cohort ClinSurv were used identify incident HIV-positive individuals. assessed cohort's coverage for nationwide population by contrasting...
We conducted a nationwide hospital-based prospective study in Germany of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 cases among children <15 years age admitted to pediatric intensive care units and related deaths during the 2009-10 pandemic 2010-11 postpandemic seasons. identified 156 eligible patients: 112 44 2010-11. Although shift younger patients occurred (median 3.2 vs. 5.3 years), infants <1 year remained most affected. Underlying immunosuppression was risk factor for hospital-acquired infections (p =...
In 2014, Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa was first reported during March 3 southeastern prefectures Guinea; from there, the rapidly spread across Africa. We describe epidemiology of EVD cases Guinea's capital, Conakry, and 4 surrounding (Coyah, Dubreka, Forecariah, Kindia), encompassing a full year epidemic. A total 1,355 cases, representing ≈40% Guinea, originated these areas. Overall, Forecariah had highest cumulative incidence (4× higher than that Conakry). Case-fatality...
Laboratory confirmation of paediatric tuberculosis (TB) is frequently lacking. We reviewed the range routine laboratory tests and their performance in different biological samples used to diagnose active TB children. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among European Reference Network for followed by collection data on 10,549 tested 2007 2011 at six reference laboratories (in Croatia, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania United Kingdom (UK)). The questionnaire showed that all rapid...