A5003472896- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Graphene research and applications
- Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Immune cells in cancer
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
University of Alberta
2016-2025
Women and Children’s Health Research Institute
2017-2025
University of Auckland
2024
University of Oxford
2024
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
2023
Alberta Health Services
2019-2020
SRI International
2013-2019
Menlo School
2013-2019
Health Solutions (Sweden)
2017
SMART Global Holdings (United States)
2017
The peculiar nature of electron scattering in graphene is among many exciting theoretical predictions for the physical properties this material. To investigate a plane, we have created gate-tunable potential barrier within single-layer sheet. We report measurements electrical transport across structure as tunable swept through range heights. When sufficiently strong to form bipolar junction (n-p-n or p-n-p) sheet, resistance sharply increases. compare these results both diffusive and...
Graphene nanoribbons display an imperfectly understood transport gap. We measure through nanoribbon devices of several lengths. In length greater than or equal to 250 nm we observe multiple quantum dots in series, while shorter constrictions less 60 behavior characteristic single and double dots. Dot size scales with constriction width. propose a model where occurs that are nucleated by background disorder potentials the presence confinement
Transient focal cerebral ischemia leads to extensive neuronal damage in cortex and striatum. Normal functioning of glutamate transporters clears the synaptically released prevent excitotoxic death. This study evaluated functional role glial (GLT-1) (EAAC1) mediating ischemic after transient middle artery occlusion (MCAO). MCAO rats infused with GLT-1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) led increased infarct volume (45 +/- 8%; p < 0.05), worsened neurological status, mortality rate,...
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are associated with endothelial repair after ischemia in cardiac or peripheral circulation. There no reports of EPCs cerebrovascular disease. We present our experience patients disease.EPC counts differed significantly (P<0.001) between stroke (acute stroke: median 4.75 and range 0 to 33; stable 7.25 43) control subjects (median 15.5 4.3 50), independent age. The level was correlated the Framingham coronary risk score (FCRS) (rho=-0.349; P=0.002).Similar...
We study the transport properties of graphene nanoribbons standardized 30 nm width and varying lengths. find that extent gap observed in as a function Fermi energy these ribbons (the "transport gap") does not have strong dependence on ribbon length, while source-drain voltage "source-drain increases with increasing length. anneal to reduce amplitude disorder potential, both shrinks moves closer zero gate voltage. In contrast, annealing systematically affect gap. conclude reflects overall...
ABSTRACT In male New Zealand white rabbits, it was shown that oxytocin but not vasopressin concentrations in plasma were markedly raised after ejaculation. Wistar rats, infused into the internal carotid artery reduced number of intromissions made before ejaculation had no other significant effect. Infusion third ventricle increased latencies to first mount and intromission lengthened post-ejaculatory refractory periods. It is suggested released periphery during coitus, while essentially...
Lung hypoplasia and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn limit survival in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Unlike other diseases resulting newborn, infants with CDH are refractory to inhaled nitric oxide (NO). Nitric mediates vasodilatation at birth part via cyclic GMP production. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) limits effects NO by inactivation GMP. Because limited success postnatal management CDH, we hypothesized that antenatal PDE5 inhibition would attenuate artery...
Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids highly enriched in the brain, with important roles cell signaling, cell-to-cell communication, and immunomodulation. Genetic defects ganglioside biosynthetic pathway result severe neurodegenerative diseases, while a partial decrease levels of specific gangliosides was reported Parkinson's disease Huntington's disease. In models both diseases other conditions, administration GM1-one most abundant brain-provides neuroprotection. Most studies have focused on...
To determine whether extracellular concentrations of glutamate and other amino acids are significantly elevated after intracerebral hemorrhage and, if so, the temporal characteristics these changes. Although role excitotoxic acids, particularly that glutamate, has been described in ischemic stroke head trauma, no information exists regarding their possible contribution to pathogenesis neuronal injury hemorrhage.Prospective, controlled, laboratory trial.Animal research laboratory.Sixteen...
Abstract Microglial activation has been reported to promote neurotoxicity and also neuroprotective effects. A possible contributor this dichotomy of responses may be the degree which proximal neurons are injured. The aim study was determine whether varying severity neuronal injury influenced microglia were or neurotoxic. We exposed cortical cultures degrees hypoxia thereby generating mild (<20% death, 30min hypoxia), moderate (40–60% 2 h severe (>70% 6 hypoxia) injuries. Twenty‐four...
Collateral vasculature may provide an alternative route for blood flow to reach the ischemic tissue and partially maintain oxygen nutrient support during stroke. However, much about dynamics of stroke-induced collateralization remains unknown. In this study, we used laser speckle contrast imaging map dynamic changes in collateral after middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. We identified extensive anastomatic connections between anterior arteries that develop vessel persist 24 hours....
Peripheral nerve injury can promote neuropathic pain. The basis of the 'central sensitization' that underlies this often intractable condition was investigated using 14-20-day chronic constriction (CCI) sciatic 20-day-old rats followed by electrophysiological analysis acutely isolated spinal cord slices. In addition, defined-medium organotypic slice cultures were exposed for 5-6 days to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, 200 ng ml(-1)) or medium conditioned with activated microglia...
Research Article9 October 2017Open Access Source DataTransparent process Disease-modifying effects of ganglioside GM1 in Huntington's disease models Melanie Alpaugh Department Pharmacology, University Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Search for more papers by this author Danny Galleguillos Juan Forero Faculty Rehabilitation Medicine, Luis Carlos Morales Sebastian W Lackey Preeti Kar Alba Di Pardo Andrew Holt Bradley J Kerr Anesthesiology Pain Kathryn G...
The tetracycline derivatives minocycline (MINO) and doxycycline (DOXY) have been shown to be neuroprotective in vivo vitro models of stroke. This neuroprotection is thought due the suppression microglial activation. However, specific molecular parameters microglia tetracyclines' effect are not understood. We subjected cultured rat neuronal cells hypoxia examined effects MINO DOXY pre-treatments. Our data showed that protect against hypoxia-induced death by a mechanism dependent on regulation...
Traumatic injury to rat brain induced by controlled cortical impact (CCI) results in chronic neuronal death the hippocampus. In normal brain, glutamate transporters actively clear released synaptically prevent receptor overactivation and excitotoxicity. Glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) is most abundant active transporter, which mediates bulk of uptake. CCI significantly decreased GLT-1 mRNA (by 49-66%, P < 0.05) protein 29-44%, levels ipsilateral hippocampus, compared with either respective...