AimsDysregulation of the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) is a hallmark feature that has been described in several forms pulmonary hypertension. We recently identified microRNA miR-20a within highly conserved pathway as regulator expression BMPR2. To address pathophysiological relevance this vivo, we employed antagomiR-20a and investigated whether specific inhibition could restore functional levels BMPR2 and, turn, might prevent arterial vascular remodelling.

Equine penile papillomas, in situ carcinomas, and invasive carcinomas are hypothesized to belong a continuum of papillomavirus-induced diseases. The former ones clinically present as small grey papules, while the latter 2 lesions more hyperplasic or alternatively ulcerated. To test hypothesis that these papillomavirus-induced, samples 24 horses with characteristic clinical histologic findings papillomas squamous cell were collected. As controls, 11 various lesions--namely, Balanoposthitis (6...

Although atrial fibrillation (AF) can be successfully treated in horses, recurrence occurs frequently. In humans, function after cardioversion predict recurrence.To examine the prognostic value of mechanical at 24 hours and other potential predictor variables for AF horses.117 horses 4 referral centers.Retrospective study. Inclusion criteria were successful cardioversion, echocardiography ≥4 months follow-up. To determine factors associated with recurrence, a multivariable survival model was...

Abstract Objective —To assess the feasibility, describe techniques, and determine reliability of transthoracic echocardiography for characterization left atrial (LA) size LA mechanical function in horses. Animals —6 healthy adult Procedures —Repeated echocardiographic examinations were performed independently by 2 observers standing, unsedated horses use 2-dimensional echocardiography, pulsed-wave flow Doppler, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) techniques. Test was determined estimating...

Noninvasive assessment of left ventricular (LV) function is incompletely studied in horses.The goals this study were to investigate the feasibility, techniques, and reliability tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) for characterization LV radial wall motion healthy horses.Three Standardbreds, 3 Thoroughbreds; age 8-14 years; body weight 517-606 kg.Repeated echocardiographic examinations performed by 2 observers unsedated horses using TDI. Test was determined estimating measurement variability,...

Stress echocardiography is used to diagnose myocardial dysfunction in horses, but current methods are not well standardized. The influence of heart rate (HR) on measurements largely unknown.To investigate the use 2-dimensional (2DE), anatomical M-mode (AMM), tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and 2D speckle tracking (2DST) at rest after exercise for quantification regional global left-ventricular (LV) function.Five athletic Warmblood horses; 11.6+/-3.6 years; 529+/-48 kg.Prospective study. Three...

Summary Reasons for performing study : Unfractioned heparin (UFH) is widely used prophylaxis of coagulation disorders, especially in colic‐affected horses. However, it accompanied by certain side effects. Objectives To compare the efficacy and effects unfractioned low molecular weight (LMWH) horses with colic. Methods The was carried out as a randomised, double‐blind, controlled clinical trial. Fifty‐two colic were treated subcutaneously either UFH (heparin calcium, 150 iu/kg bwt initially,...

Noninvasive assessment of left-ventricular (LV) function is clinically relevant, but incompletely studied in horses.To document the feasibility, describe techniques, and determine reliability 2D speckle tracking (2DST) for characterization LV radial circumferential wall motion horses.Three Standardbreds, 3 Thoroughbreds; age 8-14 years; body weight 517-606 kg.Observational study. Repeated 2-dimensional echocardiographic examinations were performed unsedated horses by 2 observers subsequently...

Background GastroGard, an omeprazole powder paste formulation, is considered the standard treatment for gastric ulcers in horses and highly effective. Gastrozol, enteric‐coated formulation horses, has recently become available, but efficacy data are controversial sparse. Objectives To investigate of GastroGard Gastrozol at labeled doses (4 1 mg per kg bwt, respectively, PO q24h) healing ulcers. Animals 40 horses; 9.5 ± 4.6 years; 491 135 kg. Methods Prospective, randomized, blinded study....

Background Little is known about normal heart rate variability (HRV) in horses during exercise. It can be difficult to separate premature beats from beat‐to‐beat variation at higher rates. Objectives The aim was quantify HRV healthy a high‐speed treadmill‐standardized exercise test (HSET) and compare with the observed have arrhythmias Animals Thirteen (Group H), 30 A), 11 poor performance but no O). Methods Prospective, observational study. All performed HSET simultaneous electrocardiograph...

Abstract A 6‐year‐old thoroughbred gelding was presented with a history of blepharospasm and opacity in the OS 1 weeks’ duration. Ophthalmic examination findings were consistent acute uveitis OS, traditional treatment initiated systemic antibiotics anti‐inflammatory drugs, topical mydriatics, corticosteroids. During total period 4 weeks response to weak horse developed further problems such as cellulitis right hind limb fever eventually weight loss dependent edema. Blood work indicative...

A 22-year-old, 395 kg Arabian mare used as a pleasure horse was presented to the Equine Department of Vetsuisse Faculty, University Zurich, with 2-day history dysphagia, salivation, and bilateral swelling masseter muscles. Previous treatment flunixin meglumine had not resulted in improvement. None other horses on premises showed similar clinical signs. On admission, slightly lethargic. Her rectal temperature (37.7°C) respiratory rate (16 breaths/min) were within normal limits, but moderate...

An 11-month-old miniature Shetland Pony colt weighing 26 kg was presented to the University of Zurich Equine Hospital for evaluation acute onset generalized seizures, followed by unconsciousness and recumbency, 34 hours after a massive (>25-fold) overdose deworming paste1 (140 mg ivermectin 1.05 g praziquantel). Instead labeled quantities 0.2 ivermectin/kg 1.5 praziquantel/kg, foal had received entire tube, equivalent 5.4 40.4 praziquantel/kg. At presentation, in stuporous condition but...

Evaluation of serial blood lactate concentrations [LAC] are prognostic value for morbidity and mortality in critically ill human patients neonatal foals, but have not been prospectively evaluated a large multicentre study foals. To evaluate the sequential analysis foals with risk mortality. Prospective, observational study. Thirteen university private equine referral hospitals enrolled 643 over 2008 foaling season was measured at admission ([LAC]ADMIT ) 24 ([LAC]24 ), 48 ([LAC]48 72 ([LAC]72...

Background Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial ( LA ) size and function in horses is not standardized. Objectives The aim this study was to establish reference intervals for echocardiographic indices Warmblood provide proof concept allometric scaling variables the clinical use area‐based indices. Animals Thirty‐one healthy 91 with a primary diagnosis mitral regurgitation MR or aortic AR ). Methods Retrospective study. were measured scaled body weight BWT Reference calculated,...

Background Point‐of‐care ( POC ) diagnostic tests with good sensitivity and specificity are needed for diagnosing failure of transfer passive immunity FTPI in foals. Turbidimetric immunoassays TIA have these characteristics provide quantitative results. A commercially available ‐based test ‐ has not been validated horses. Objective To validate a compare results , ELISA radial immunodiffusion RID ). Animals Heparinized blood samples (n = 127) from 48 hospitalized foals (<12 hour to days)....

Assessment of left ventricular (LV) function by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is not well established in horses with heart disease.To describe the use pulsed-wave (PW) TDI for assessment LV function, establish reference intervals, investigate effects mitral regurgitation (MR), aortic (AR), and primary myocardial disease (MD), provide proof concept PW Warmblood disease.Thirty healthy horses, 38 MR, 25 AR, 8 MD.Echocardiograms were retrospectively analyzed. Reference intervals calculated....

Detection of failure transfer passive immunity (FTPI) is important in reducing morbidity and mortality neonatal foals. We investigated the performance a commercial equine IgG test (SNAP Foal Test Kit) to diagnose FTPI hospitalized Furthermore, we evaluated usefulness serum total protein (STP) globulin (SG) concentrations as indicators FTPI. Serum concentration was measured by means SNAP single radial immunodiffusion, SG STP were determined clinical chemistry analyzer. Subjects 67 foals, 19...

Background : Atrial contractile dysfunction occurs in some species after conversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) to normal sinus rhythm (NSR) but has not been reported horses with naturally occurring AF. Hypothesis Transthoracic echocardiography allows detection left (LA) mechanical AF NSR. Animals Five Standardbreds and 6 healthy similar age, weight, athletic condition were included this study. Methods Four treated pharmacologically (quinidine), 1 horse was by means transvenous electrical...