In this paper, several different techniques for designing discrete controllers switching power converter applications are presented. Simulation results also provided illustration purposes.

A digital control algorithm capable of separately specifying the desired output voltage and transient response for a synchronous buck converter operating in mode was developed. This is based on superimposing small signal onto reference at each switching cycle to cancel out perturbations. zero steady-state error can be obtained with aid additional dynamics allow controller track load change update new state. The specifications are achieved by pole placement using complete state feedback....

ABSTRACT Semiconductor quantum dot-conjugated antibodies were successfully developed to label Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia . This novel fluorescence system exhibited superior photostability, gave 1.5- 9-fold-higher signal-to-noise ratios than traditional organic dyes in detecting C. , allowed dual-color detection for G.

Recently, silicon carbide power devices have been receiving attention for applications above 300 °C. For high-temperature applications, the die attached these has to withstand maximum operating temperature. In this paper, a transient liquid phase (TLP) attach technique was demonstrated two binary alloy systems, Ag-In and Au-In, on Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub>...

A hepta-band coupled-fed loop antenna for LTE/WWAN unbroken metal-rimmed smartphone applications is proposed. The metal rim designed as a part of the radiation structure, which also composed system ground, U-shaped microstrip line, and an L-shaped line. feeding lines are located on ungrounded area 72 × 8 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> along top short edge ground plane FR4 substrate. operating band widened by matching...

A high temperature, wire-bondless power electronics module with a double-sided cooling capability is proposed and successfully fabricated. In this module, low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate was used as the dielectric chip carrier. Conducting vias were created on LTCC carrier to realize interconnection. The absent of base plate reduced overall thermal resistance also improved fatigue life by eliminating large-area solder layer. Nano silver paste attach devices DBC well pattern...

A reconfigurable full-metal-rimmed MIMO antenna is designed and proposed for WWAN/LTE smartphones. This consists of two centro-symmetrically distributed elements radiation structures using the unbroken metal rim in plastic casing. It can achieve a good isolation more than 17dB over entire operation bands. Each element occupies small ground area 30 × 6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The U-shaped feeding line provides...

This paper describes a robust and reliable process for fabricating novel sputter-deposited, thin-film carbon microelectrode array using standard integrated circuit technologies silicon micromachining. Sputter-deposited films were investigated as potential candidates materials. The surface properties cross section of the arrays studied by atomic force microscopy scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Electrical site impedance, crosstalk, lifetime (dielectric integrity) microelectrodes in...

A filter-based microfluidic device was combined with immunofluorescent labeling as a platform to rapidly detect microbial cells. The coin-sized consisted of micro-chambers, micro-channels and filter weirs (gap = 1-2 microm), demonstrated effectively trap concentrate cells (i.e., Cryptosporidium parvum Giardia lamblia), which were larger in size than the weir gap. After sample injection, staining solution containing fluorescently-labeled antibodies continuously provided into (flow rate 20...

A simulation methodology that incorporates cosimulation techniques using ANSYS EM tools is proposed to predict radiated and conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) from power electronic modules. The EMIs for a coplanar wire bonded bondless modules are simulated compared. instantaneous power-levels conducting through the devices in module significantly higher than those due parasitic circuit element imbalance. These occur very short duration at turn-ON turn-OFF of can be considered as...

A bead-based microfluidic device was developed and demonstrated to achieve rapid sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with quantum dots as the labeling fluorophore for virus detection. In comparison standard ELISA performed on same virus, minimal detectable concentration of target improved from 360 22 ng mL−1, detection time shortened >3.25 h <30 min, amount antibody consumed reduced by a factor 14.3.

Low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology has been first successfully employed for the realization of a solid propellant microthruster. The microthruster potential applications in microspacecraft as an excellent micropropulsion system high-accuracy station keeping, attitude control, drag compensation and orbit adjust. design, fabrication experimental investigation LTCC microthrusters are reported. Results from experiments on microcombustion, thrust impulse measurements both at sea...

The development of a novel solid propellant microthruster is presented. an excellent micropropulsion system for high-accuracy station keeping, attitude control, speed adjustment, gravitation compensation and orbit adjustment microspacecraft. design fabrication using microfabrication technologies the are demonstrated. Moreover, experiments microcombustion thrust testing described in detail. Initial tests, gunpowder potassium perchlorate as main components propellant, have produced 9.11 ×...

We have used infrared (IR) absorption spectra to characterize a-C:H and its alloys (a-C:H,N,F). The samples were deposited in an rf plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition system with various mixtures of ${\mathrm{CH}}_{4}$, ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$, ${\mathrm{NF}}_{3}$ gases. IR are analyzed detail the peak position assignments based on data published literature calculation normal mode vibrational frequencies by assuming a simple force field linear-molecular model. From analysis, we found that...

A new design concept of solid propellant microthruster is proposed for micropropulsion applications. Modeling and simulation have been performed before the fabrication microthrusters using MEMS technologies. At sea level, predicted thrust magnitudes range from 0.76 mN to 4.38 estimated total impulses 1.16/spl times/10/sup -4/ N/spl middot/s 4.37/spl HTPB/AP/AL as propellant. In space, 9.11 26.92 1.25/spl -3/ 1.70/spl middot/s. Single microthruster, layers arrays successfully fabricated....

An enzyme-free glucose sensor based on vertically grown zinc oxide nanorods (NRs) functionalized with ferric (Fe2O3) is investigated. The well-aligned and high density ZnO NRs were synthesized an FTO/glass substrate by a sol-gel hydrothermal growth method. A dip-coating technique was utilized to modify the surface of as-grown Fe2O3. immobilized coated layer nafion membrane. fabricated characterized amperometrically at room temperature using three electrodes stationed in phosphate buffer...

The objectives of this paper are to review and compare the design high-frequency transformers (HFTs) for low-power solid-state transformer (SST) converter topologies. Two different HFT examples, a 25 kHz, 5 kVA, 440/110V amorphous shell core transformer, 100 350 VA, 130/117V nanocrystalline toroid described. Nanocrystalline alloy magnetic yields higher efficiency than that at kHz or frequencies, while their efficiencies similar but is cheaper same power ratings. fabrication two HFTs main...

This paper reports on the design, analysis, and characterization of a simple gallium nitride (GaN)-based ac/dc converter for battery charging applications. The proposed combines merits GaN switching transistors together with advantages close-to-unity power factor totem-pole corrector, high-frequency (HF) isolated series resonant converter, current doubler rectifier to reduce copper losses HF transformer. is designed convert 120 Vac input 48 Vdc/60 Vdc output 1.5 kW load at 65-100 kHz. Its...

Voltage feedback is frequently used in class-D switching audio power amplifiers. This paper discusses the design and implementation of a low-cost filterless class-D, unipolar pulse-width modulation amplifier having multi-loop voltage scheme. Classical frequency-compensation techniques are to stabilize three loops implemented this application. method proves be cost-effective solution for designing high-fidelity (hi-fi) The cost reduced because no output filter used, required frequency half...

Silicon carbide (SiC) power devices possess many beneficial properties for electronics applications, but commercial 62-mm SiC module packages with the direct drop-in replacement of Si limit benefits these devices. To fully utilize advantages devices, this article presents a low-profile and high density packaging solution 1200-V/300-A enhanced electrical thermal performance. The design optimizations on layout, chip placement, terminal structure are compatible conventional fabrication...

Silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductors are becoming the preferable choice over silicon (Si) for power converter applications within 200 V to 1.2 kV range due their superior performances. Indirect matrix converters (IMCs) have more potential than traditional back-to-back (BBCs) achieving higher densities and longer equipment lifetimes. This paper combines normally off SiC JFETs IMC topology develop a module-based system whose stage consists of bidirectional rectifier module (BPM) an inverter...