A5016432782- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
2016-2025
Tel Aviv University
2018-2025
Arthur M. Sackler Gallery
2019-2022
The Neurological Institute
2019
University College London
2008-2016
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging
2009-2016
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
2008-2012
Queen Elizabeth II Hospital
2006
Chelsea and Westminster Hospital
2006
Birmingham City Hospital
2004
The role of dopamine in behaviour and decision-making is often cast terms reinforcement learning optimal decision theory. Here, we present an alternative view that frames the physiology Bayes-optimal behaviour. In this account, controls precision or salience (external internal) cues engender action. other words, balances bottom-up sensory information top-down prior beliefs when making hierarchical inferences (predictions) about have affordance. paper, focus on consequences changing tonic...
Disordered dopamine neurotransmission is implicated in mediating impulsiveness across a range of behaviors and disorders including addiction, compulsive gambling, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, dysregulation syndrome. Whereas existing theories function highlight mechanisms based on aberrant reward learning or behavioral disinhibition, they do not offer an adequate account the pathological hypersensitivity to temporal delay that forms crucial phenotype seen these disorders. Here we...
The role dopamine plays in decision-making has important theoretical, empirical and clinical implications. Here, we examined its precise contribution by exploiting the lesion deficit model afforded Parkinson's disease. We studied patients a two-stage reinforcement learning task, while they were ON OFF replacement medication. Contrary to expectation, found that dopaminergic drug state (ON or OFF) did not impact learning. Instead, critical factor was during performance phase, with medication...
Human action is strongly influenced by expectations of pleasure. Making decisions, ranging from which products to buy job offer accept, requires an estimation how good (or bad) the likely outcomes will make us feel [1Bentham J. An Introduction Principles Morals and Legislation. Hafner Publishing Company, New York1948Google Scholar]. Yet, little known about biological basis subjective estimations future hedonic reactions. Here, we show that administration a drug enhances dopaminergic function...
<h3>Importance</h3> Mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (<i>GBA</i>) gene are a risk factor for development of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). These mutations common among Ashkenazi Jews (AJ) and appear to have an effect on natural history disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate clinical genetic characteristics AJ cohort patients diagnosed DLB, assess association phenotype DLB with<i>GBA</i>mutations, explore effects these course <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> Thirty-five...
<title>Abstract</title> Purpose: Center-specific effects in PET brain scans arise due to differences technical and procedural aspects. This restricts the merging of data between centers introduces source-specific bias. Methods: We demonstrate use recently proposed machine learning method Iterated Relevance Matrix Analysis (IRMA) for harmonization center-specific <sup>18</sup>F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) scans. The center difference is learned by applying IRMA on PCA-based...
The value assigned to aversive events is susceptible contextual influences. Here, we asked whether a change in the valuation of negative reflected an altered neuronal representation their expected outcome. We show that experiencing event past, and choosing experience it future, reduces its value. This psychological mirrored neural caudate nucleus anterior cingulate cortex. Our findings indicate subcortical regions known track such as nucleus, together with cortical implicated emotional...
Background Bradykinesia is a cardinal feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite its disabling impact, the precise cause this symptom remains elusive. Recent thinking suggests that bradykinesia may be more than simply manifestation motor slowness, and in part reflect specific deficit operation motivational vigour striatum. In paper we test hypothesis movement time PD can modulated by nature salience possible action-outcomes. Methodology/Principal Findings We developed novel paradigm...
Background: Glucocerebrosidase ( GBA) gene mutations and APOE polymorphisms are common in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), however their clinical impact is only partially elucidated. Objective: To explore the of GBA separately combination, a cohort Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) patients DLB. Methods: One hundred consecutively recruited AJ clinically diagnosed DLB underwent genotyping for polymorphisms, performed cognitive motor assessments. Results: Thirty-two (32%) were carriers 33 (33%) carried an...
Abstract Background Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is the most common prion disease in humans causing a rapidly progressive neurological decline and dementia invariably fatal. The familial forms (genetic CJD, gCJD) are caused by mutations PRNP gene encoding for protein (PrP). In Israel, there large cluster of gCJD cases, carriers an E200K mutation gene, therefore largest population at-risk individuals world. not necessarily sufficient formation accumulation pathological (PrP sc ),...
Dopamine is implicated in multiple functions, including motor execution, action learning for hedonically salient outcomes, maintenance, and switching of behavioral response set. Here, we used a novel within-subject psychopharmacological combined functional neuroimaging paradigm, investigating the interaction between hedonic salience, dopamine, set shifting, distinct from effects on or execution. We asked whether performance shifting depends salience reversal cues, by presenting these as null...
Abstract Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson’s disease is known to cause a subtle but important adverse impact on behaviour, with impulsivity its most widely reported manifestation. However, precisely which computational components decision process are modulated not fully understood. Here we probe number distinct subprocesses, including temporal discount, outcome utility, instrumental learning rate, sensitivity, reward-loss trade-offs, and perseveration. We...
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