This paper first studies the electromagnetic force and vibration characteristics of permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance machines (PM-SynRMs). First, an analytical method to calculate radial is proposed based on Maxwell stress tensor method. The temporal spatial orders are obtained by two-dimensional fast Fourier transform, then combination stator slots rotor virtual PM-SynRMs give a guideline for initial design PM-SynRM achieve low noise vibration. A designed multiphysics model...

Soil microorganisms play an important role in regulating the responses of plants to disease, but little is known regarding microbial community rhizosphere soil response diseases papaya. To clarify how abundance and composition papaya change with viral infection, resistant susceptible ringspot virus (PRSV) were inoculated PRSV field, differences communities between healthy analyzed. The physiochemical properties surrounding root system strongly affected by taxa, this did not have a...

To explore the functional characteristics and principal component differences of electromyography in different phases gait cycle, to provide key parameters for identifying a complete gait, reference joint moment solving lower limb. Twenty young men were selected measure natural EMG 14 muscles limb using VICON NORAXON devices. Gait was classified into two categories according Niyogi S A classification, integral compared, analysis performed on differing calculate Cohen's d values significant...

It is widely considered that solar energy will be one of the most competitive sources in future, and currently accounts for high percentages power generation developed countries. However, its capacity significantly affected by several factors; therefore, accurate prediction necessary. This paper proposes a photovoltaic (PV) forecasting method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) variable-weight combination forecasting. First, EEMD applied to decompose PV data into components...

The rotor topologies have a great influence on the vibration characteristics of permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance machines (PM-SynRMs). In this article, vibrations PM-SynRMs with different are studied and compared. First, electromagnetic force harmonics been design rule about combination stator slots "rotor virtual slots" is given to achieve low vibration. Then, multiphysics model established calculate topologies. modal analysis conducted through finite element method...

In this paper, a novel all digital phase-locked-loop (ADPLL) is proposed for the phase detection of power grid voltage. The ADPLL features wide track-in range and fast pull-in time, it can be easily integrated into controller with low cost. nonlinear model such system derived from operation principle linearized then obtained to evaluate steady dynamic performance due discrete property. Compared conventional DPLL, has almost no state error when frequency input signal deviates center...

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant control strategy of the open-winding inverter for dc-biased vernier reluctance machines (dc-biased VRMs), aiming to maintain output capability after open-circuit fault occurs in switches. DC-biased VRMs are with integrated winding current both dc component field excitation and ac torque generation. The generation is not associated direction, making full-bridge be divided into two groups devices. proposed based on regular each open can motor mode one group...

A flip-chip packaged two-dimensional (2-D) thermal flow sensor fabricated in CMOS technology is presented. The consists of polysilicon resistor heaters, Al/polysilicon thermopiles, and a substrate bipolar transistor located the center chip. thermopiles were used to measure change flow-induced temperature distribution on flow-sensing surface. chip was thin ceramic using copper pillar bump technology. provides necessary overheat chips, interactions with are achieved via substrate. operating...

To compare the muscular characteristics of "hit" and "miss" actions in roundhouse kicks among taekwondo athletes, explore similarities, differences, implications for training, motion tests were conducted on ten athletes using Noraxon32 VICON. The results showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) integrated electromyography (EMG) during initiation kicking phases between actions. However, retraction phase, < observed left rectus femoris, peroneus longus, right biceps semitendinosus,...

An optimal three-dimensional current computation flux weakening control strategy for dc-biased Vernier reluctance machines (VRMs) is proposed in this paper. Compared with permanent magnet synchronous machines, VRMs have an additional degree of freedom to regulate the rotor through variable armature current. The conventional does not utilize adjustable dc field current, and output capacity region limited. In paper, distribution calculated at intersection voltage constraint. Meanwhile, order...

CMOS compatibility and 8-inch manufacturability have been highly desired in MEMS technology. In this article, we demonstrate a pyroelectric IR detector using compatible AlN semiconductor wafer This detects over wavelength ranging from 5 μm to 14 μm. addition, is designed added mechanical stiffness for improved device integrity. The detectors are fabricated with different sensing area dimensions compare their performance. q' best performing has an NEP ~ 8.87 × 10 <sup...

Convertible static compensator (CSC), a versatile device based on FACTS technology was designed, developed, manufactured, installed, and tested. The project collaborative undertaking by NYPA, EPRI Siemens Power Transmission & Distribution. CSC installed 345 kV substation with series elements inserted in two lines. consists of 100 MVA inverters, transformers, single 200 shunt transformer identical secondary windings. can be operated four basic configurations: synchronous compensator, unified...

Vibration and acoustic noise limit the application of switched reluctance motors (SRMs). Because radial vibration stator is primary source SRMs, modal analysis an important effective way to reduce noise. In this paper, we construct eight computational models by varying structural forms, height, quantity, shape radiating ribs investigate influence on mechanical resonant frequencies, under condition same amount rib material. We apply three-dimensional finite-element accurately analyze these...

Air-core pulsed alternators greatly enhance the power density capabilities of supply for electromagnetic launchers. Compared with iron-core electric machines, they require very high-excitation currents. Usually, self-excitation mode is adopted in these systems. However, a positive feedback process that should be precisely controlled to avoid system being destroyed. The excitation losses are large during establishing field current. To solve problems, new mode, pulse-excitation presented this...

This article unifies the vector torque control of reluctance motor with different coil pitch in classic model frameworks, including typical switched (SRM), mutually coupled SRM (MCSRM), synchronous (SynRM), etc. Based on proposed model, instantaneous electromagnetic is decoupled into two components. The first partial called as synchronous-speed force (SSRF), generated by interaction <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</i> -axis...

Owing to the significant torque ripple and vibration reduction ability, flux-modulated doubly-salient reluctance motor (FMDRM) drives have been widely investigated. However, parallel dual-inverter is commonly utilized in conventional FMDRM drives, where power switch number doubled compared ac drives. In this paper, reduce utilization of switches, an optimized nine-switch converter-fed drive proposed achieve integrated zero-sequence current regulation ability. Firstly, winding connection...

Shale oil and gas resources are abundant in the Chang 7 shale of Yanchang Formation Ordos Basin. To determine characteristics influencing factors hydrocarbon generation evolution shale, a series thermal simulation experiments were conducted on low‐maturity kerogen samples. The results indicate that maximum yield 294.5 304.3 mg/g TOC for sample at heating rates 20 2°C/h, corresponding experimental temperatures 360.2°C 408.0°C, respectively. utilization lower is favourable it recommended to...

In a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) transformer, the leakage magnetic field decreases critical current and increases ac loss in tapes. Moreover, because of nearly zero resistance HTS tapes, slight unbalance branch inductances windings might result heavy circulating current. So, numerical analysis is especially necessary for an transformer design. this paper, influence winding configurations on stray studied. That is, distribution analyzed by finite-element method then, based...

In a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) transformer leakage magnetic field, especially its radial component, decreases the critical current and increases ac losses in tapes. Because of zero resistance HTS tapes slight unbalance among branch inductances windings may result heavy circulating current, however, an accurate calculation it must depend on field analysis. Thus, numerical analysis is necessary for design. this paper several geometries studied by finite element method, based it,...