Low-back pain has a complex and multi-faceted etiology. The articular facets have been shown to be load-bearing structures may site for low-back pain. aim of this paper is establish the mechanism transmission axial load across facet joint propose facet-related hypothesis was studied by two methods. Lumbar segments were instrumented with an intervertebral cell (IVLC) measure disc so that could deduced. applied moved 10 mm anteriorly 12.5 posteriorly from center vertebral body. then separated...

Abstract In order to enhance the sluggish kinetics and suppress polysulfide shuttle effect in high‐loading lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, it is crucial design synthesize catalysts exhibiting both high conversion rate strong anchoring toward species. Herein, based on theoretical predictions, spent cathode materials (LiCoO 2 LiMn O 4 ) from lithium‐ion batteries are converted into a bifunctional catalyst (Co─MnO) for Li–S through high‐temperature shock method. Owing synergistic catalytic of...

A nonlinear energy sink (NES) approach is proposed for whole-spacecraft vibration reduction. Frequency sweeping tests are conducted on a scaled structure without or with NES attached. The experimental transmissibility results demonstrate the significant reduction of over broad spectrum excitation frequency. attachment hardly changes natural frequencies structure. finite element model developed, and verified by results. two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) equivalent same as those obtained via model....

Conventional model-based sensorless surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) drivers suffer deteriorated performance in transient-state operation such as accelerating during wide-speed range or encountering large load torque disturbance. In this article, an effective control solution is proposed to improve the robustness of SPMSM operation. Two extended state observers (ESOs) are utilized estimate αβ-axis back electromotive forces (EMFs). An adaptive bandwidth tuning scheme...

Cardiovascular disease ranks the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Prenyldiphosphate synthase subunits collectively participate in formation and development atherosclerosis (AS). This study aimed to investigate role PDSS2 AS its underlying mechanisms. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein establish model. The gene expression levels determined by qRT-PCR, Western blot, ELISA. CCK-8, colony was applied determine proliferation...

As a member of Sirtuins family, SIRT6 participates in the physiological and pathological progress DNA repair, anti-aging, metabolism, so on. Several studies have demonstrated that knockdown inhibited development atherosclerosis (AS), indicated as protective factor for AS. However, we confirmed was significantly overexpressed human unstable carotid plaques compared with stable plaques. This result more complex role Furthermore, constructed mice model plaque injected them adeno-associated...

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the primary preoperative therapy for breast cancer. The luminal subtype of cancer shows less NAC response than basal subtype, with an inefficient treatment effect. Understanding molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible this chemoresistance important issue when determining optimal treatment. Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis ferroptosis was investigated using cytotoxicity, western blotting, flow cytometry assays. role GATA3 in modulating doxorubicin-induced...

Although the flexible endoscopy has been widely used in medical field for many years, there is still great potential improving endoscopist's capability to perform therapeutic tasks. Tentatively, tools endoscope have poor maneuverability and limited Degree Of Freedom (DOF). In this paper, we propose a surgical robotic system MASTER (Master And Slave Transluminal Endoscopic Robot). dexterous master-slave device which can be tandem with conventional endoscope. Using system, ESD (Endoscopic...

A battery thermal management system (BTMS) plays a significant role in the safety of power lithium-ion battery. Research on phase change materials (PCMs) for BTMS has drawn wide attention and become forefront this scientific field. Several evident limitations exist pure PCMs, such as poor conductivity low structural stability, while porous could reinforce PCMs their superior performance robustness. Most related existing reviews focused performances by different cooling methods. However,...

Conventional active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives suffers deteriorated performance in dealing with low-order harmonic disturbances. To enhance the capability of ADRC rejecting such disturbances, this article proposes a complex coefficient (CCF-ADRC). The filter (CCF), which is capable extracting signals selective frequency and phase sequence from input orthogonal signals, incorporated into extended state observer to its...

This paper presents a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) to protect consumers from the grid fluctuations. Due characteristic of high density and quick response, magnet is selected as unit improve compensation capability DVR. analyses operation principle SMES DVR, designs DVR output control method. The system mainly consists two parts, PWM converter controller DC/DC chopper controller. adopts double-loop strategy, with an inner current...

This paper investigates the suitability of low-frequency borehole resistivity measurements for detecting and appraising hydraulic fractures. The effects logging tool's transmitter-receiver spacing, orientation, operating frequency, as well fracture's shape, cross-sectional area, dip, electrical-conductivity contrast with embedding formation, are quantified using an fast Fourier transform (FFT)-accelerated integral-equation solver. Simulation results a tool that consists one transmitter two...

Inland river ships navigating in an ice area cannot avoid contact between the propeller and block. In addition to ensuring safety of blades, fatigue strength propulsion shaft system under load excitation must also be considered. This paper first studies how calculate natural frequency free torsional vibration system, then uses Newmark integral programing maximum stress at resonance speed. Low cycle high are studied according analysis theory. The method determining S–N curve spectrum is given...

The direct effect of macroscopic loads on the microstructure bone tissue in a vibration environment is not yet known. Therefore, this study aims to investigate macro- and micro-biomechanical properties lumbar spine system under dynamic loading such an environment. We analyzed characteristics osteon by establishing micro-scale model spine, using submodel-specific boundary displacement method based St. Venant's principle. Utilizing results from transient analysis entire as conditions,...

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is an surgical intervention technique for treatment within the intraperitoneal cavity, which utilizes natural orifices (i.e. mouth, vagina, anus, etc.) as entry point. In line with minimally invasive (MIS), NOTES aims to perform procedures without skin incisions, thus eliminating unsightly scars. this article, a master—slave robotic system proposed enable endoscopist demanding procedures, are currently performed by surgeons in opened or...

The reference vector strategy has been widely used in the model predictive control (MPC) to reduce computational burden. However, derivation as well are sensitive machine parameters. This article presents a robust MPC with Luenberger observer compensate localization error of for six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. First, two-step synthesis technique is employed increase tracking capability primary subspace and harmonic currents secondary subspace. Then, influence set...

This article proposes a hybrid evaluation method of electromagnetic force and vibration for electrical machines considering high-frequency current harmonics caused by the inverter. First, permeance armature magnetomotive (MMF) is calculated based on virtual MMF slot matrix. Then, air-gap flux density construction process under arbitrary thoroughly studied. The transfer function obtained utilizing modal analysis test. Finally, can be according to superposition method. By applying this an...

A study using an anatomically accurate finite-element model of a L2-L3 motion segment to investigate the biomechanical effects graded bilateral and unilateral facetectomies L3 under flexion extension loadings.To predict amount facetectomy on lumbar that would cause segmental instability, therefore enhancing understanding concerning role facet sagittal loadings.This provides quantitative facets in preserving stability. Previous analytical models lack three-dimensional structural...