Although lidar is a powerful active remote sensing technology, echo signals are easily contaminated by noise, particularly in strong background light, which severely affects the retrieval accuracy and effective detection range of system. In this study, coupled variational mode decomposition (VMD) whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for noise reduction proposed demonstrated completely. The combination optimal VMD parameters number K quadratic penalty α was obtained using WOA critical acquiring...

Grading tea leaves efficiently in a natural environment is crucial technological foundation for the automation of tea-picking robots. In this study, to solve problems dense distribution, limited feature-extraction ability, and false detection field grading recognition, an improved YOLOv8n model counting recognition was proposed. Firstly, SPD-Conv module embedded into backbone network enhance deep ability target. Secondly, Super-Token Vision Transformer integrated reduce model’s attention...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), whose pathogenesis involves proneural-to-mesenchymal transition (PMT), is the most malignant type of glioma and associated with a bleak prognosis. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) comprises two major subunits, LDHA LDHB, which can assemble into five different isoenzymes (LDH1-5). However, role LDH isoenzyme its subunits in GBM subtypes largely unknown. Our findings reveal that LDHB correlated mesenchymal proneural subtype classification, have prognostic clinical...

With the energy transition and changes in electrical load structures, harmonic distortion power systems is increasingly threatening grid stability, especially during integration of renewable sources. Active filters (APFs) are commonly used to improve quality, but current fluctuations voltage instability caused by DC-side capacitor charging discharging hinder effective compensation. To address this, this paper presents a method combining variable-step-size adaptive linear predictor with...

The InGaAs well-cluster composite (WCC) structure is a special kind of quantum confinement formed by indium atom self-fit migration, which has excellent spectral properties. In this paper, an experimental technique for measuring the temperature-dependent emission scaling factor (ESF) proposed to reveal luminescence mechanism WCC in more detail. ESF derived collecting photoluminescence (PL) spectra from pump regions with different lengths. almost uniform distribution at temperatures,...

With the development of semiconductor technology, increasing number power electronic converters and nonlinear loads has further exacerbated power-quality issues in grid. To address this, this paper presents an improved DC-side voltage control strategy for UPQC, aiming to enhance quality under complex conditions. First, adaptive filter is integrated into linear active disturbance rejection (LADRC) accuracy caused by noise parameter variations. solve sag problem resulting from filter, effects...

To address the stability of power supply to agricultural facilities and greenhouses in remote areas, this paper proposes a solution based on bus voltage fluctuation issue an islanded photovoltaic-storage DC microgrid. Traditional methods often struggle meet demand due significant fluctuations solar irradiance load. resolve this, improved sliding-mode linear active disturbance rejection control (ISMLADRC) strategy is designed, significantly enhancing response speed microgrid system while...

Reliable estimation of the atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH) is critical for a range meteorological applications, including air quality assessment and weather forecasting. Several algorithms have been proposed to detect ABLH from aerosol LiDAR backscatter data. However, most these focus on cloud-free conditions or use other ancillary instruments due strong interference clouds residual aerosols. In this paper, machine learning method named Mahalanobis transform K-near-means (MKnm)...

Trichoderma is an important and widely used plant growth-promoting fungus (PGPF). In this study, stevia residue amended with amino acids hydrolyzed from animal carcasses was for the production of guizhouense NJAU 4742 by solid-state fermentation, then its potential to promote corn growth evaluated in combination chemical fertilizer (CF) or organic (OF). The highest spore number 7×109 CFU g−1 fresh weight obtained under following optimal parameters: material ratio 50% (stevia residue:rice...

Although sophisticated novel saturable absorber materials are available for the development of ultrafast lasers, innovative approaches and devices play an increasingly important role in continuously adjusting mode-locked lasers with electrical gating. In this study, electrically switched operational regimes Nd:YVO4 all-solid-state laser a high modulation ratio (from 900 ns to 15 ps) demonstrated first time. The can automatically switch multiple operation assistance signals using techniques...

In order to break the limitation that gap is fixed once it was synthesized for traditional flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate, in this work, a laser-induced reduction method used fabricate ordered silver nanodot arrays on substrates. By using rhodamine 6G as probe molecule, characterization carried out hydrogel film/silver substrate at expanded and shrunken states. The shows great reproducibility, average relative standard deviation of 8.7%. addition, when film shrunk by...

A magnetic field sensing system based on a phase-shift fiber loop ring-down (FLRD) technique and multi-mode interferometer (MI) coated with fluid (MF) is proposed demonstrated. The MI constructed by splicing segment of no-core between two sections single-mode fibers, which then immersed in MF to serve as head the advantages simple fabrication specific sensitivity. Due refractive index tunable properties MF, magnetic-field-dependent loss will be introduced head. Such magnetic-induced would...

The echo signal of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system is easily disturbed by various noises under the influence intense background light. to noise ratio (SNR) decreases with increasing distance, which seriously affects retrieval accuracy LiDAR system. This paper combines local mean decomposition an improved thresholding method (LMD-ITM) process Lidar a lot noise, so as avoid loss useful information. In this research, correlation coefficient energy entropy are used distinguish between...

The signal-to-noise ratio of lidar signals decreases rapidly with an increase in distance, which seriously affects the application detection technology. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) has performed optimality dealing noise, but number modes, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , and penalty parameter, notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ must be preset. Therefore, a...

UVA is the most common type of solar UV radiation in aquatic environments; however, effects it causes shrimp farming recirculating water systems (RAS) unclear. Thus, growth performance, immune responses, antioxidant status and apoptosis-related gene expression Pacific white shrimp,