Present study was aimed at screening and characterizing thermostable amylase-producing bacteria from water sediment samples of unexplored hot spring Tatta Pani Kotli Azad Kashmir. Four thermophilic isolates were characterized on morphological, biochemical, physiological basis authenticated by molecular analysis. By 16S rDNA sequencing, identified as Anoxybacillus mongoliensis (MBT001), flavithermus (MBT002), Bacillus (MBT004). Among all strains, MBT003 showed maximum homology with both...

Introduction: Nile tilapia is cichlid fish. Globally second important culture fish after carp. Chemical pollution of aquatic environments increased, seriously harming fisheries and ecosystems alike. Methods: Three glass aquarium 45.72 x 60.96 cm was used. One control others were treatment groups. Different concentration detergent used 0.2 g/l for low dose 0.4 high treatment. Experiment conducted 28 days. Stock density 6 fishes per aquarium. The blood samples preserved in EDTA tubes...

Abstract Central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was employed to optimize initial temperature (ºC), ramp function (ºC/min) and salt addition for trihalomethane extraction/quantification from the drinking water distribution network in Ratta Amral, Rawalpindi., Pakistan. Drinking samples were collected treatment plant, overhead reservoir consumer’s taps. The USEPA method detection 551.1 via gas chromatography applied using liquid–liquid extraction. experiments with input variables sample...

Mentha arvensis L. is traditionally used in folk medicine, and pharmacological industry due to presence of active chemical substances.It also valuable for food as additives because the antioxidant, cytotoxic, antidiabetic antimicrobial constituents.This study intended examine reactive oxygen species (Cvetanović et al.) generation, lipid oxidation, cytotoxicity effect aqueous extract from M. prepared various solvents i.e. fermented methanol (FM.E), distilled water (DW.E) (M.E).Phytochemical...

A response surface methodology (RSM) applying central composite design with rotatable full factorial (14 non-center and six center points) was used to discern the effect of granular activated carbon (GAC), sand pH on total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) humic acid (HA) removal from drinking water. Results showed efficient TTHMs HA by GAC while a column little for but significant organic (TOC) removal. With 4 cm, increase 6 8 caused an in TTHM 79.8 83.6% decrease 26.6 6.6% observed. An depth 10 20...

Response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was used to monitor and optimize species-specific interaction of trihalomethane (THM) precursors in a scaled-up distribution network (DN). Independent variables such as applied chlorine (Cl2), contact time (t), humic acid (HA) bromide ions (Br−) were analyzed using full factorial CCD. Analysis variance revealed good agreement between experimental data proposed two-factor model (p = .04, R2 0.7983). As precursor, Cl− Br−...

Transdermal drug delivery plays a significant part in the system when compared to other routes of administration. The function stratum corneum (SC) is barrier. Recently, numerous methods have been thrived improve perforation drugs across skin. most effective method use enhancers since these agents enhance skin permeability. Natural penetration like essential oils demonstrate higher enhancement activity and are more widely accepted than synthetic enhancers. High potential expansion...

The extensive and unchecked application of chlorpyrifos against crop insects has caused contamination various ecosystems, such as soil, sediments, water, posing harm to plants, animals, useful arthropods, humans. present study aimed at evaluating the ability proto-type constructed wetland biodegrade its major metabolites especially 2-hydroxy-3, 5, 6-trichloropyridine/ol (TCP) using chlorpyrifos-degrading indigenous bacterial strains, namely, Acinetobacter baumanni Bacillus cibi with Canna...

Abstract Trihalomethanes (THMs) are regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs), analyzed in drinking water due to their toxicological health effects. However, few data exist regarding the content of emerging THMs water, which present at very low concentrations. This study aimed monitor hazardous and from supply a residential area via solid phase microextraction using gas chromatography. Response surface methodology was employed evaluate role salt concentration, temperature, desorption...

This study analyzes trends in historical (1989–2018) and projected (2041–2060) temperature precipitation maxima the Swat River Basin, Pakistan. basin has a history of climate-related disasters that directly affected livelihood personal safety local communities are becoming more intense frequent due to changing climate. Major economic sources this agriculture tourism, both highly sensitive extreme climate events. Therefore, it is very important assess future extremes precipitation....

<title>Abstract</title> Microorganisms are found to exist everywhere including extreme habitats where other forms of life rarely thrive. In this study, culture-independent technique was used analyze the microbial diversity water samples from Tata Pani hot spring in district Kotli Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Physiochemical analysis also conducted study community composition and environment. Metagenomic sequencing five different yielded 875,184 16S rRNA sequence reads. The original output files...

Abstract Disinfection practices reduce the incidence of water‐borne diseases but may result in formation disinfection byproducts (DBPs) raw water that are reported to be carcinogenic. Central composite design (CCD) was employed present study for optimization disinfectant dose and contact time with rationale evaluate if an optimal balance could achieved between minimal DBPs effective microbial inactivation either free or combined chlorine treated within a lab‐scale prototype network simulate...

Abstract Organic biomass is rich in cellulose and it the most abundant substrate for biofuel production. To address challenges posed by cellulosic biomass, cellulolytic microorganisms help improve feasibility of production from biomass. Present research was aimed to assess cellulase activity thermophilic isolates discovered Tata Pani hot spring, Kotli AJ&amp;K. Four bacteria were screened thermostable on basis clear zone formation with 1 % CMC. Selected strains Anoxybacillus mongoliensis...

Abstract Certain compounds, synthesized in the Chemical Research Division of P.C.S.I.R. Laboratories, Karachi were tested for their antifertility effects on a pure strain Aedes aegypti (L.), being reared Pesticide Section Laboratories. The tests indicated that 4 compounds are better sterilants than others. Among them 1,1‐azobiscyclohexylnitrile at dose 5 ppm; malonamide, n‐valeramide and β ‐dimethylaminopropiohenone hydrochloride 10 ppm produced considerable sterility. N‐skatylbenzimidazole,...

A quadratic model (p＜0.0001) was developed by using a central composite design of 50 experimental runs (42 non-center + 8 center points) to assess the efficiency background chlorine residuals in combating accidental microbial episodes scaled-up distribution network (DN) (rig).A known amount were maintained DN and required number bacteria, Escherichia coli K-12 strain, introduced an injection port pipe-loop system.Samples taken at various time intervals different pipe lengths.A spread-plate...