A5051853249- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Data Stream Mining Techniques
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations
- Cassava research and cyanide
- Islamic Finance and Communication
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Psychology of Development and Education
- Financial Literacy and Behavior
- Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
University of Cambridge
2017-2024
Our daily lives involve high levels of repetition activities within similar contexts. We buy the same foods from grocery store, cook with spices, and typically sit at place dinner table. However, when questioned about these routine activities, most us barely remember details our actions. Habits are automatically triggered behaviours in which we engage without conscious awareness or deliberate control. Although habits help to operate efficiently, breaking them requires great effort. have...
The balance between goal-directed behavior and habits has been hypothesized to be biased toward the latter in individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD), suggesting possible neurochemical changes putamen, which may contribute their compulsive behavior. We assessed habitual 48 patients CUD 42 healthy control participants using a contingency degradation paradigm Creature of Habit Scale. In subgroup this sample (CUD: n = 21; participants: 22), we also measured glutamate glutamine...
Habits may develop when meaningful action patterns are frequently repeated in a stable environment. We measured the differing tendencies of people to form habits population sample n = 533 using Creature Habit Scale (COHS). confirmed high reliability two latent factors by COHS, automaticity and routines. Whilst automatic behaviours triggered context do not serve particular purpose or goal, routines often have purpose, because they been performed so given context, become only after their...
Maladaptive behavior in drug addiction is widely regarded as a result of neurocognitive dysfunctions. Recently, there has been growing trend to adopt computational methods study these dysfunctions drug-addicted patients, not least because it provides quantitative framework infer the psychological mechanisms that may have gone awry addiction. We therefore sought evaluate extent which theory-driven models fulfilled this purpose research. discuss several learning and decision-making theories...
Drug addiction has been suggested to develop through drug-induced changes in learning and memory processes. Whilst the initiation of drug use is typically goal-directed hedonically motivated, over time, drug-taking may into a stimulus-driven habit, characterised by persistent irrespective consequences. Converging lines evidence suggest that stimulant drugs facilitate transition habitual drug-taking, but their contribution less clear. Computational modelling provide an elegant means for...
Patients with addictive disorders (encompassing substance and behavioral addictions) often behave in ways that have been described as rigid inflexible. This profile has proposed to be explained by impairments cognitive flexibility are shared all disorders. To evaluate this assertion, we reviewed the literature determine similarities differences performance of patients either substance-related or addictions on well-established paradigms flexibility. Contrary widely-held view, found different...
Drug-induced alterations to the dopamine system in stimulant use disorder (SUD) are hypothesized impair reinforcement learning (RL). Computational modeling enables investigation of latent processes RL SUD patients, which could elucidate nature their impairments.We investigated 44 patients and 41 healthy control participants using a probabilistic task that assesses from reward punishment separately. In an independent sample, we determined modulatory role following single dose D2/3 receptor...
A significant challenge for psychiatry is to explain precisely how the brain generates psychopathology, as its translation presumed advance effective mechanism-based treatments.Computational psychiatrya mathematical understanding of mental illnesshas emerged bridge this explanatory gap [1].Broadly, computational uses models study psychiatric disorders, typically done via 1) an quantitative modelling approach aberrant computations mind produce symptoms, and 2) data-driven modelling, commonly...
A preference for sooner-smaller over later-larger rewards, known as delay discounting, is a candidate transdiagnostic marker of waiting impulsivity and research domain criterion. While abnormal discounting rates have been associated with many psychiatric diagnoses brain structure, the underlying neuropsychological processes remain largely unknown. Here, we deconstruct into choice rate by testing different computational models investigate their associations white matter tracts. Patients...
This study examined the impact of CEO narcissism and long-term firm performance in Indonesia. We utilized data from 2,618 observations listed companies registered on Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2017 2021, employing Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis. The findings revealed a positive significant current future performance. These results are further validated through robust coarsened exact matching (CEM) tests. Furthermore, investigated moderating effect tenure, revealing...
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