Abstract The balanced contribution to the intensification of a tropical cyclone simulated in three-dimensional, nonhydrostatic, full-physics model version 4 (TCM4), particular spinup outer-core circulation, is investigated by solving Sawyer–Eliassen equation and computing terms azimuthal-mean tangential wind tendency equation. Results demonstrate that secondary circulation (radial vertical circulation) midtropospheric are well captured balance dynamics. inflow develops response diabatic...

This study statistically investigates the characteristics of tropical cyclones (TCs) undergoing rapid intensification (RI) in western North Pacific 37 years from 1979 to 2015 and relevant atmospheric oceanic environments. Among 900 TCs, 201 TCs RI (RI-TCs) are detected by our definition as a wind speed increase 30 kt (15.4 m s −1 ) or more 24-h period. RI-TCs potentially occur throughout year, with low variation RI-TC occurrence rate among seasons. Conversely, annual varies widely. In El...

In this review, advances in the understanding of controlling factors and physical mechanisms tropical cyclogenesis (TCG) are summarized from recent (2018-2022) research on TCG, as presented Tenth International Workshop Tropical Cyclones (IWTC-10). Observational, theoretical, numerical modeling studies published years have advanced our knowledge influence large-scale environmental TCG. Furthermore, shown clearly that appropriate convective coupling with equatorial waves enhances development...

Torrential rains that repeatedly occurred over Java Island causing widespread floods in late January and early February 2007 coincided with a strong persistent trans-equatorial monsoon flow from the Northern Hemisphere. While convections develop frequently island's mountainous areas afternoon, northern plains are active during night morning hours. The an upper southeasterly wind produces low-level vertical shear of dry mid-level environment island. These conditions allow severe to occur for...

Abstract When Typhoon Songda (2004) was located southeast of Okinawa over the western North Pacific during 2–4 September 2004, a heavy rainfall event occurred southern central Japan and its adjacent seas, more than 1200 km from typhoon center. The Advanced Research version Weather Forecast (WRF-ARW) model used to investigate possible remote effects on this precipitation in Japan. National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) global final (FNL) analysis provide both initial lateral...

Isotope ratios of precipitation and water vapor were observed during the passage Typhoon Shanshan at Ishigaki Island, southwestern Japan, on 15–16 September 2006. Such high‐resolution isotopic observations allow for qualitative understanding atmospheric moisture cycling; they revealed that isotope both decreased radially inward in cyclone's outer region; anomalously high appeared inner d‐excess tended to decrease region. In region, was isotopically depleted due rainout effect which involves...

The increasing capability of high‐end computers allows numerical simulations with horizontal resolutions high enough to resolve cloud systems in a global model. In this paper, initial results from the Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) are highlighted demonstrate beginning potentially new era for weather and climate predictions cloud‐system‐resolving models. NICAM simulation resolution about 7 km successfully reproduced lifecycles two real tropical cyclones that formed...

Tropical cyclone (TC) Nargis recently battered Myanmar on May 2 2008 is one of the most deadly tropical storms in history. was initiated by an abnormally strong intraseasonal westerly event associated with Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) eastern Indian Ocean. An incipient cyclonic disturbance emerged as emanation Rossby wave‐induced vortex when convective anomaly reached Maritime Continent. The northeastward movement MJO convection facilitated further development disturbance. became a (TD)...

<title>Abstract</title> Typhoon Hagibis (2019), one of the most powerful storms to strike Japan in recent years, caused widespread flooding and significant damage. Impact-based forecasting is crucial for planning effective mitigation measures enhancing future disaster responses. This study employs Integrated Land Simulator (ILS) coupled with Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) Model evaluate flood damage induced by Hagibis. Our control (c000) simulation successfully reproduced spatial...

Abstract This study discloses detailed Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) characteristics in the two 30-day integrations of global cloud-system-resolving Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) using all-season real-time multivariate MJO index Wheeler and Hendon. The model anomaly is derived by excluding observed climatology because simulation sufficiently realistic. Results show that has a realistic evolution amplitude pattern, geographical locations, eastward propagation,...

Abstract Intense tropical cyclones (TCs) sometimes cause huge disasters, so it is imperative to explore the impacts of climate change on such TCs. Therefore, authors conducted numerical simulations most destructive historical TC in Japanese history, Typhoon Vera (1959), current and a global warming climate. The used four nonhydrostatic models with horizontal resolution 5 km: cloud-resolving storm simulator, fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric...

We investigate the impact of ENSO on landfall characteristics tropical cyclones (TC) over Western North Pacific (WNP) during summer monsoon season. During early period (late May–late July), an increase in numbers TCs that make Korean Peninsula or Japan is associated with Niño‐3.4 SST anomalies. peak July–mid September), number Indochinese greater El Niño years than La Niña years. Furthermore, years, tend to have longer lifespan and intensities. These changes can be primarily attributed...

An overview of convective activity during the HARIMAU2006 campaign conducted from 26 October to 27 November 2006 was presented, focusing on differences between coastal land/sea and inactive/active phases intraseasonal variation (ISV) based observations using an X-band Doppler radar (XDR) intensive soundings at Sumatera Island. Diurnal (DV) in convections formation heavy rainband (CHeR) along Island were also examined terms diurnal land-sea migration systems.Convection ISV inactive period...

Abstract The characteristics of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the summer and autumn seasons over western North Pacific that are associated with different environmental factors influence TC genesis (TCG) were studied. authors objectively categorized into five TCG classified by Ritchie Holland: monsoon shear line (SL), confluence region (CR), gyre (GY), easterly wave (EW), Rossby energy dispersion from a preexisting (PTC). GY-TCs tended to develop slowly, highest rates occurrence rapid...

Isotopic and meteorological observations in November 2006 on the west coast of Sumatera, Indonesia during intense observation period Hydrometeorological ARray for Intraseasonal Variation-Monsoon AUto-monitoring (HARIMAU2006), revealed impacts large-scale moisture transport mesoscale processes precipitation isotope ratios. changes δ2H had large variability ranging from +10 to -65 per mil, as a result associated with intraseasonal oscillation time-scale 10-15 day over Sumatera. The isotopic...

Abstract The life cycle of Tropical Storm Isobel was simulated reasonably well in the Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM), a global cloud-system-resolving model. evolution large-scale circulation and storm-scale structure change discussed Part I. Both mesoscale system-scale processes are documented this paper. In preconditioned favorable environment over Java Sea, convective vortices (model MCVs) developed systems (MCSs) towers with cyclonic potential vorticity (PV)...

ABSTRACT This report presents a climatology of the landfall characteristics tropical cyclones (TCs) by country. Land-falling TCs can produce strong winds, storm surges and severe flooding that may result in loss life widespread damages. Although historically many governments have estimated frequency TC for their own country, less work has been undertaken from global viewpoint. addresses gap presenting comparative assessment assist efforts toward disaster risk reduction through improved...

Abstract The Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM), a global cloud-system-resolving model, successfully simulated the life cycle of Tropical Storm Isobel that formed over Timor Sea in austral summer 2006. multiscale interactions storm were analyzed this study. large-scale aspects affected Isobel’s are documented paper and corresponding mesoscale processes companion paper. was largely controlled by Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) event associated westerly wind burst (WWB). MJO...

We investigate the seasonal changes in westward‐propagating disturbances (WDs) Southeast and South Asia originated from typhoons over western North Pacific. WDs tend to move northern part of Indochina Peninsula summer, while southern Bay Bengal fall. Although number landfall on is largest fall, active season for WD with a more west‐oriented track identified late summer. The seasonality related large‐scale atmospheric conditions. easterly region throughout latitude band 15°–25°N at 700 hPa...

The maximum storm surges caused by Typhoon Jebi (2018) were examined using a surge model and track ensemble simulations based on meteorological parametric tropical cyclone (TC) model. at Osaka Port was estimated more accurately the than TC differences between both models due to "wind setup effect", where topography enhanced surface winds over Bay. typhoon-track demonstrated that dependent perturbation of along entire coast Japanese Islands, including main island, Kyushu, Shikoku. Open...

Abstract The “Hirodo-kaze,” a local strong wind accompanying the downslope winds in Japan, is examined using mesoscale numerical model. model successfully reproduces major features of observed Hirodo-kaze that occurred association with Typhoon Pabuk. During Hirodo-kaze, severe transitional flow develop lower troposphere below mean-state critical layer. closely linked to region winds. After cessation distinct mountain waves dominate where Scorer parameter l2 decreases height. retreats...