ABSTRACT The chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans has been known as an aerobe that respires on iron and sulfur. Here we show the could chemolithoautotrophically grow not only H 2 /O under aerobic conditions but also /Fe 3+ , /S 0 or S anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic respiration using Fe electron acceptor donor serves a primary energy source of bacterium. based reduction induced to synthesize significant amounts c- type cytochrome was purified acid-stable soluble...

To investigate the precise effect of redox potential on methanogenesis hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus by using an electrochemical controlling system without adding oxidizing or reducing agents. A bioelectrochemical was applied to control conditions in culture and measure methane‐producing activity M. at a constant from +0·2 −0·8 V (vs Ag/AgCl). Methane production growth were 1·6 3·5 times increased V, compared with experiments electrolysis, respectively,...

Abstract Hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formate was achieved using copper (Cu) catalysts in the presence strong organic bases including amidines and guanidines. Specifically, 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) proved be effective for transformation a 1:1 mixture hydrogen into its salt under increased pressure various Cu(I) Cu(II) salts at 100 °C. A novel complex derived from iodide DBU equally promoted same reaction, indicating that DBU–Cu species are involved as real this...

A procedure is described that provides for electrochemically mediated deposition of enzyme and a polymer layer permselective endogenous electroactive species. Electrodeposition was first employed the direct immobilization glucose oxidase to produce uniform, thin, compact film on Pt electrode. Electropolymerization phenol then form an anti-interference protective polyphenol within layer. In addition, stability-reinforcing membrane derived from (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane constructed by...

SUMMARY For the groundwater level observed at Haibara well, Shizuoka Prefecture, central Japan, time series analysis using state-space modelling is applied to extract hydrological anomalies related earthquakes. This method can decompose into five components: atmospheric pressure, tidal, and precipitation responses, observation noise, residual water level. The decomposed responses pressure are independently determined consistent with expected response surface loading. In 28 coseismic...

We have analysed in briefly anaesthetised rats (1% halothane for 18 minutes) the effects of innocuous and noxious heat, applied to hindpaw, on evoked c-Fos immunoreactivity at levels parabrachial area (PB), spinal cord, nucleus solitary tract (NTS). After anaesthesia recovery, animals were left move freely 2 hours. At level, was expressed primarily ipsilateral superficial laminae, increasing with temperatures a dependent manner range (correlation coefficient r = 0.954, n 20). NTS no...

Mercury is considered the most important heavy-metal pollutant, because of likelihood bioaccumulation and toxicity. Monitoring widespread ionic mercury (Hg(2+)) contamination requires high-throughput cost-effective methods to screen large numbers environmental samples. In this study, we developed a simple sensitive analysis for Hg(2+) in aqueous samples by combining microfluidic immunoassay solid-phase extraction (SPE). Using platform, an ultrasensitive immunoassay, which yields results...

A multiple regression analysis method is applied to detect anomalous changes of ground water level due earthquakes. Corrected calculated by eliminating responses barometric pressure, earth tide and precipitation from the observed based on a model obtained minimum AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) procedure. The data at Haibara well, Shizuoka, central Japan during period Feb. 1981 Dec. 1990 analyzed using this method. It shown that corrected decreases more than 1 cm after each fifteen

Recordings were made from single thalamic units in the urethan-chloralose anesthetized cat. Altogether 2,905 trigeminal having a receptive field contralateral integument isolated somatosensory part of nucleus ventralis posteromedialis, or VPM proper. Each unit was tested for responses to series mechanical stimuli. The stimuli included brushing skin, touch, pressure, noxious pinch, and pinpricks. majority proper responded with greatest discharge frequency gentle stimulation: either hair...

Abstract Associated with the 2004 earthquake off west coast of northern Sumatra, changes in groundwater levels or pressures were observed at many observation stations Japan which are more than 5000 km from hypocenter. At 38 45 stations, there pressures. 10 Ishii-type borehole strain instruments established, crustal strains also observed. A major part and dynamic oscillations due to a seismic wave. some coseismic postseismic rises drops five where both stain observed, consistent static steps...

The direct electrodeposition of glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) on a platinum electrode was investigated as means for controlled immobilization. presence nonionic detergent, Triton X-100, found essential to produce multilayered deposit. Moreover, work properly, the detergent must be present above its critical micelle concentration. Under these conditions, deposit ∼50 enzyme layers (480 nm), with surface uniformity ±20 nm, verified using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and by...

[1] Oscillations of water pressures and crustal strains due to the seismic waves 2010 Chile earthquake were observed in Japan. The oscillations over frequency range 0.002 0.1 Hz negative proportional volumetric strains. responses closed wells are frequency-dependent. expression for response pressure a well strain is developed based on poroelastic theory. present paper describes characteristics responses. useful estimation rock properties. In addition, tidal estimated compared with waves.

28 coseismic groundwater level decreases have been observed at the Haibara well, Shizuoka prefecture, central Japan, from 1981 to 1997. These changes cannot be explained as poroelastic response static strain. We use atmospheric pressure and tidal responses of rock properties measured on core samples same formation pumping test results characterize hydraulic mechanical aquifer. The well M2 Earth tide constituent varied over time. In particular, increasing amplitude decreasing phase lags were...

Groundwater level changes since October 1994 of Omuroyama‐kita (OMR) well in Izu Peninsula, Japan, were examined relation to six earthquake swarms with which large crustal deformations accompanied. After removing not only tidal and barometric effects but rainfall effect on groundwater, we detected four preseismic groundwater accompanied recorded at nearby stations. Those are interpreted have caused by or volumetric strain seem be dike intrusions, possible sources the off east coast Peninsula.

Thirty hydrological responses induced by the M8.0 Tokachi‐oki earthquake in 2003 were observed at hot spring wells and an undersea coal mine Hokkaido, Japan. Most of decreases increases groundwater levels or discharge rates can be explained as a poroelastic response to earthquake‐induced volumetric strain inferred from fault model determined dense static GPS observation. In five wells, groundwater‐level changes steps are consistent with that proportional four large earthquakes 1993–1994.

The groundwater level changes induced by the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake were well recorded at monitoring wells in and around Choshui River alluvial fan, Taiwan, which is adjacent to focal region. We analyzed coseismic related geological setting seismic ground motion. In a typical fan area, levels coseismically rose those amplitudes increased as acceleration hydraulic conductivity became larger. slope area near fault, dropped liquefaction permeability enhancement, whose degrees depend on motion,...