Abstract Leishmania (Leishmania ) amazonensis is an intracellular protozoan parasite responsible for the cutaneous leishmaniasis. The replicates inside mammalian macrophage to establish infection. Host-pathogen interactions result in microRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of host genes involved inflammatory immune response. We analyzed miRNA profiles during L . ( .) expression by correlates with/depends on arginase activity (La -WT) presented significant profile alteration (27%)...

In Leishmania, de novo polyamine synthesis is initiated by the cleavage of L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine action arginase (ARG, E.C. 3.5.3.1). Previous studies in L. major mexicana showed that ARG essential for vitro growth absence polyamines needed full infectivity animal infections. The protein normally found within parasite glycosome, here we examined whether this localization required survival infectivity. First, amazonensis glycosome was confirmed both promastigote amastigote...

The protozoan parasite Leishmania is an intracellular pathogen infecting and replicating inside vertebrate host macrophages. A recent model suggests that promastigote amastigote forms of the mimic mammalian apoptotic cells by exposing phosphatidylserine (PS) at cell surface to trigger their phagocytic uptake into PS presentation typically analyzed using fluorescence-labeled annexin V. Here we show promastigotes can be stained V upon permeabilization or miltefosine treatment. However,...

Background Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania cause a large spectrum clinical manifestations known as Leishmaniases. These diseases are increasingly important public health problems in many countries both within and outside endemic regions. Thus, an accurate differential diagnosis is extremely relevant for understanding epidemiological profiles administration best therapeutic protocol. Methods/Principal Findings Exploring High Resolution Melting (HRM) dissociation two amplicons...

Acute inflammatory responses induced by bacteria or fungi block nocturnal melatonin synthesis rodent pineal glands. Here, we show Leishmania infection does not impair daily rhythm in hamsters. Remarkably, the attenuated parasite burden and lesion progression hamsters infected at nighttime was impaired blockage of receptors with luzindole, whereas treatment during light phase infection. In vitro studies corroborated vivo observations. Melatonin reduced macrophage expression Cat-2b, Cat1,...

Arginase is an enzyme that converts L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine, essential substrate for the polyamine pathway supporting Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis replication its survival in mammalian host. also of macrophage nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) produce (NO) kills parasite. This competition can define fate infection.The transcriptomic profiling identified a family oxidoreductases L. (L.) wild-type (La-WT) arginase knockout (La-arg-) promastigotes axenic amastigotes. We...

Leishmania uses the amino acid L-arginine as a substrate for arginase, enzyme that produces urea and ornithine, last precursor of polyamine pathway. This pathway is used by parasite to replicate it essential establish infection in mammalian host. not synthesized parasite, so its uptake occurs through permease 3 (AAP3). AAP3 codified two copies genes (5.1 4.7 copies), organized tandem genome. One copy presents expression regulated availability.RNA-seq data revealed 14 transporters...

Parasite recognition by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) contributes to macrophage activation and subsequent control of Leishmania infection through the coordinated production pro-inflammatory microbicidal effector molecules. The modulation microRNA (miRNA) expression potentially mediates posttranscriptional regulation genes involved in leishmanicidal activity. Here, contribution TLR signaling miRNA profile gene was evaluated amazonensis-infected murine macrophages. infectivity L. amazonensis...

Leishmania is a protozoan parasite that alternates its life cycle between the sand-fly vector and mammalian host. This alternation involves environmental changes leads to dynamic modifications in morphology, metabolism, cellular signaling regulation of gene expression allow for rapid adaptation new conditions. The L-arginine pathway L. amazonensis important during interferes establishment maintenance infection macrophages. Host arginase an immune-regulatory enzyme can reduce production...

Leishmaniases are neglected diseases that cause a large spectrum of clinical manifestations, from cutaneous to visceral lesions. The initial steps the inflammatory response involve phagocytosis Leishmania and parasite replication inside macrophage phagolysosome. Melatonin, darkness-signaling hormone, is involved in modulation activation during infectious diseases, controlling against parasites. In this work, we showed exogenous melatonin treatment BALB/c macrophages reduced L. amazonensis...

The possibility that a multi-host wildlife reservoir is responsible for maintaining transmission of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis causing human cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis tested by comparative analysis infection progression infectiousness to sandflies in rodent host species previously shown have high natural prevalences both sylvatic or/and peridomestic habitats close proximity humans northeast Brazil.The clinical parasitological outcomes, sandflies, were observed 54...

Abstract The fate of Leishmania infection can be strongly influenced by the host genetic background. In this work, we describe gene expression modulation immune system based on dual global transcriptome profiles bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice infected with amazonensis . A total 12,641 transcripts were identified according to alignment Mus musculus genome. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) profiling revealed a differential basal background between two...

Background: Leishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases that caused by Leishmania, being endemic worldwide. L-arginine is an essential amino acid required for polyamines production on mammal cells. During Leishmania infection of macrophages, used host and parasite arginase to produce polyamines, leading survival; or, nitric oxide synthase 2 killing. Here, we determined the metabolomic profile BALB/c macrophages were infected with L. amazonensis wild type or knockout, correlating regulation...

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is an endemic disease in Latin America, mainly caused Brazil by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis . Clinical manifestations vary from mild, localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) to aggressive mucosal disease. The host immune response strongly determines the outcome of infection and pattern However, pathogenesis ATL not well understood, microRNAs (miRNAs) may have a role this context. In present study, miRNAs were quantified using qPCR arrays human...

Two experiments were performed using the aromatase inhibitor (AI) letrozole (100 mg/kg) to promote sex change, from female-to-male, in protogynous dusky grouper. One experiment was during breeding season (spring) and other at end of (summer). During spring, AI promoted change after 9 weeks sperm produced able fertilize grouper oocytes. summer, incomplete; intersex individuals present not released by any animals. Sex changed gonads had a lamellar architecture; cysts spermatocytes spermatozoa...

The leishmaniases comprise a spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by different species Leishmania. Identification is important for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up management. However, there no gold standard identification. High resolution melting analysis (HRM) offers possibility to differentiate Leishmania without the need processing PCR-product. amino acid permease 3 (aap3) gene an exclusive target trypanosomatids conserved among spp., thus it can be valuable HRM assay diagnosis...

Abstract Background Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), which represents important health problem. This may be related to epidemiologic expansion infective agent and tourism tropical areas. The difficulty clinical diagnosis, mainly areas CL is not first consideration local physicians, intensified efforts describe diagnostic tests, should specific, sensitive, practical. Amongst new tests described are those including nucleic acid...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is mainly caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) donovani and (L.) infantum; however, other species have been associated with VL. We report a case of patient simultaneously diagnosed VL amazonensis Hodgkin's lymphoma. After treatment liposomal amphotericin B chemotherapy, the presented clinical cure. This reinforces hypothesis that can cause visceral lesions related to immunosuppression.

ABSTRACT: The incidence of rape has increased, especially in metropolitan areas, such as the city São Paulo. In Brazil, studies about it have shown that majority this type crime is committed by relatives and persons close to victim. This made more difficult be denounced, only 10% cases are reported competent police authorities. Usually, cytological exams carried out sex investigations. difficulty showing presence spermatozoa frequent, but does not exclude male DNA. absence material collected...

Protozoans of the Leishmania genus are etiological agents a wide spectrum diseases commonly known as leishmaniases. Lipid organization plasma membrane parasite may mimic lipid mammalian apoptotic cells and play role in phagocytosis survival mammal host. Here, we analyzed phospholipid dynamics both L. (Leishmania) (Viannia) subgenera. We found that activity substrate specificity inward translocation machinery varied between species. The differences transport correlated with different...